摘要
高速公路动态称重系统的研究对于保护公路的正常使用有着重要的经济意义和社会价值。随着公路运输工业生产和商业贸易的不断发展,对公路车辆进行动态称重的要求越来越严格。动态称重是加强超限运输、强制实施超限法规等管理现代化、科学化的技术条件。动态称重精度是一个至关重要的指标,数据的采集与处理是一个非常重要的环节,故本文研究了车辆动态称重的数据的采集与处理。
本文首先根据动态称重的普遍特点,建立了动态称重系统的数学模型,其中主要对振动产生的原因、振动的载荷形式以及车辆动态轴重信号的频率分布等问题进行了详细的分析,得出影响动态称重精度的因素。
其次,本文根据影响动态称重精度的因素,选择轴载、速度、加速度等作为所要采集的数据,对称重系统进行整体的设计,其中包括：设计整体的动态称重方案,对各个称重模块进行了布置；设计数据采集系统；根据传感器的性能及称重精度的需要,.选择合适称重传感器；设计数据预处理模块。
再次,本文以实际例子比较了较新的数据处理方法：二分梯形法、参数估计法和人工神经网络算法。由于三层BP神经网络在计算精度上明显优于其它算法,选择三层BP网络作为处理数据的方法,并使用MATLAB软件对所做数据进行进一步仿真。为提高计算精度和运行速度,在三层BP网络算法中添加自适应学习速率方法和附加动量法进行进一步改进,对计算结果进行比较,证明算法改进后精度和速度均明显提高。
最后,对称重系统的管理软件进行设计,建立了数据采集模块、数据处理模块、建立数据库模块和查询数据库模块,实现数据显示、软控制平台、报警显示的功能。并且对SQL数据库管理进行设计,建立友好人机界面。
The development of communication and transportation industry has undoubtedly played an active role in the construction of national economy. Along with the development of the Highway Transportation, Industrial production and Business Trade, it is required that the Highway Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) systems have more qualification of modernization and Scientific for the rapid automatically and the enforcement of the overloading rule. WIM accuracy is a crucial indicator, data acquisition and processing is a very important part. So we do research on the vehicle WIM data acquisition and processing.
Firstly,This thesis acts according to universal characteristic of WIM system, has established the WIM system's mathematical model, mainly to vibrated the reason which, the vibration load form as well as vehicles dynamic axis heavy signal produced questions and so on frequency distribution has carried on the detailed analysis,obtained the influence dynamic weighing precision the factor.
Secondly, this article according to the influence dynamic weighing precision the factor, the choice axle load, the speed, the acceleration and so on takes the data which must gather, carries on the whole to the weighing system the design, including:The design whole's dynamic weighing plan, has carried on the arrangement to each weighing module;Design feature gathering system;According to sensor's performance and the weighing precision's need, the choice appropriately weighing the sensor; Design feature pretreatment module.
Thirdly, this article has compared the recent data processing methods by the actual example: Two point method of trapezoid, parameter estimation law and artificial neural networks algorithm. Because three BP neural network surpasses other algorithms obviously in the computational accuracy, chooses the three BP networks to take the processing data the method, and uses the MATLAB software to make the data to carry on further simulation. For the enhancement computational accuracy and the running rate, increase the auto-adapted study speed method and the additional momentum method in three BP network algorithm carry on further improve, carries on the comparison to the computed result, after proving the algorithm improvement, the precision and the speed obviously enhance.
Finally, weighing system's management software to carry on is designed, the data acquisition module is established, the data processing module, the establishment database module and the inquiry database module, realizes the data demonstration, the soft control platform, the warning demonstration function. And carries on the design to the SQL data bank administration, establishes the friendly man-machine contact surface.
引文
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