摘要
脉冲电晕等离子体技术用于环境污染治理，是近几十年来各国学者研究的热点，已有相当数量的与宏观脱除效果相关的研究论文发表，但对于微观脱除机制及动力学研究及其重要的活性粒子的诊断研究，却报道较少。这些基础性问题得不到很好的解决，将直接影响到该技术的深入研究和工业应用。由于脉冲电晕放电过程中产生的活性粒子寿命很短，对检测方法的灵敏度要求很高，因此，本文利用发射光谱法对脉冲电晕等离子体中的N_2(C~3Π_u→B~3Π_g)发射光谱进行了研究，主要的研究工作和结论有以下几方面：
1．设计了适合于光谱检测，并与高压脉冲电源相匹配的线-筒式脉冲电晕反应器。高压脉冲电源与反应器匹配的重要性在于不仅能减少脉冲能量在传输过程中的损失，而且可以提高脱除率。经实验验证，系统呈现良好的匹配关系。
2．利用发射光谱法进行了大气压下空气中脉冲电晕放电的等离子体诊断研究。在常温常压下测量了N_2(C~3Π_u→B~3Π_g)发射光谱的相对强度与电压极性、峰值电压、重复频率之间的关系。
3．在常温常压下测量了正脉冲电晕放电、负脉冲电晕放电和双极性脉冲电晕放电的N_2(C~3Π_u→B~3Π_g)发射光谱相对强度在线-筒式反应器内的径向分布，实验结果表明，高能电子密度(≥11.03eV)在线-筒式反应器内的径向分布是随反应器径向距离增大呈非线性递减的。
4．对空气中和氮气中正、负、双极性脉冲电晕放电的N_2(C~3Π_u→B~3Π_g)发射光谱相对强度进行了比较，并对实验结果进行了定性解释。
The pulse corona induced non-thermal plasma chemical process is a technique applied to pollution control. It is researched actively in recent decades. Many research papers about removal effect have been published, but there are a few research papers about active particles diagnosis. This basic problem will influence the detailed studies and industry application of this technique. The lifetime of active particles produced by pulse corona discharge is very short, so we investigated the emission spectrum of N2(C3Пu-B3Пg) by means of emission spectrum method. The following results are obtained.
1. A wire-cylinder reactor is designed which is fit for spectrum experiment. Matching a corona plasma reactor to a high-voltage pulse generator is very important. Not only the energy transfer costs can be reduced, but also the removal rate can be improved. By means of experiment, the system presents good matching connection.
2. The relationships between N2(C3Пu- B3Пg) emission spectrum relative intensity and voltage polarity, peak voltage, repetition frequency are measured at room temperature and atmospheric pressure by means of emission spectrum method which is advantage and practical for plasma characteristic diagnosis. The relative intensity of emission spectrum induced by positive, negative or bipolar pulse corona all rise with increasing peak voltage and repetition frequency.
3. The positive, negative and bipolar pulse corona induced N2(C3Пu-B3Пg) emission spectrum relative intensity radial distribution in wire-cylinder reactor at room temperature and atmospheric pressure are measured. The results show that the electronic density decreased nonlinearly with the increase of radial distance.
4. The N2(C3Пu-B3Пg) emission spectrum relative intensity produced by positive, negative and bipolar pulse corona discharge in the air or in N2 are compared, and the experimental results are explained.
引文
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