摘要
磁悬浮轴承是一种利用电磁力将转子悬浮于空间实现非接触式支承的装置,具有无摩擦、无需润滑、无油污染、能耗低、噪声小、寿命长等优点,特别适用于真空、超静室、高速等特殊环境中,具有广泛的应用前景。而磁悬浮推力轴承是对其轴向进行支承的装置,主要由推力盘、电磁铁、控制器、功率放大器及传感器组成。
本文就磁悬浮推力轴承的设计研究是在电磁场分析的基础上进行的。具体做了以下工作:
一、利用磁路解析法推导推力轴承电磁力计算公式、并对其最大承载力和动载力进行推导。进一步探讨了推力轴承中的机械系统和控制系统中的参数对电磁力的影响。
二、利用有限元法对推力轴承的电磁场进行了数值分析。对不同定子结构的推力轴承进行电磁场分析,并对两种不同结构在平衡状态、起浮状态以及倾斜时的电磁力进行比较,研究其结构对电磁力的影响。同时分析比较轴承材料以及边缘效应对磁场的影响。
三、在归纳与总结有关磁悬浮轴承设计理论和方法的基础上,建立磁悬浮推力轴承优化设计软件系统,从而实现磁悬浮推力轴承结构的参数化设计。此项工作的实现是以VB编程工具、AutoCAD绘图工具、Ansoft有限元分析软件为平台进行二次开发完成的,本设计软件为磁悬浮轴承的设计提供了基础的平台。
Magnetic suspended bearings is a non-contact supported device using electromagnetic force to achieve rotor suspended in space. It has some advantage, such as no friction, no lubrication, no oil pollution, low energy consumption, low noise and long life. It's particularly applied in a vacuum, ultra-quiet room, high-speed, and other special circumstances, with wide application potential. The magnetic thrust bearing is a device for axial support, composed of disk, electromagnets, controllers, power amplifier and sensors.
This paper firstly introduces the working principle of the magnetic thrust bearing, derives electromagnetic force formula and deduces the largest bearing capacity and dynamic load with magnetic analytical method. Also it discusses how the parameters of the thrust bearing mechanical system and the control system affect the electromagnetic force.
Then, the numerical analysis by using finite element method for magnetic field of the magnetic thrust bearing is presented. Magnetic field of different stator structures is analyzed. The three states, such as floating, equilibrium, and sloping are compared. The influence of the structure on electromagnetic force is studied. And the effect of bearing materials, as well as marginal on the strength of the magnetic induction is discussed.
Finally, through summing up the magnetic bearing design theory and methods ,magnetic bearing design software is builded on the basis of the VB programming tools, AutoCAD drawing tools and Ansoft finite element analysis software. The designed system of the magnetic thrust bearings is established. The main idea is, firstly ,using VB for parametric design programming of magnetic thrust bearings, secondly, using VB to develop AutoCAD 2006 and drawing, thirdly, importing the", dxf" file into Ansoft to analyze the magnetic field. Then, the parametric design of the magnetic thrust bearing structure is realized.
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