摘要
诗词是《红楼梦》的一个重要有机组成部分,在推进情节发展和塑造人物形象方面起着不可磨灭的作用,具有非常高的文学价值。《红楼梦》诗词含有丰富的文化意象,而意象被称为诗词的灵魂。本文就《红楼梦》诗词中的文化意象翻译进行研究,立足于帕尔默文化语言学理论,对《红楼梦》的两个英文全译本——分别由杨宪益夫妇和大卫·霍克斯——进行对比分析。
本文分为五个章节,第一章介绍本论文的研究背景及结构；第二章对红楼梦及其英译本、红楼梦诗词的重要性及特点、本文理论框架进行了简单的介绍；第三章对红楼梦诗歌中出现的意象进行分类分析；第四章就红楼梦诗歌中的意象从三个角度进行翻译对比分析,并通过分析发现两个译本对原文及中国文化的尊重和忠实,以及从翻译中所体现出来的为再现原文文化意象所做的努力；第五章对本论文进行了总结。
虽然两个译本对相同意象的处理并不完全相同,但都体现了译者严谨的工作态度,对保留原文化所进行的努力,以及为发扬中国文化所做出的巨大贡献。
Poetry is an integral part of Hong Lou Meng, playing an indelible role in developing the plot and shaping the main characters'images, thus it is of a very high literary value. Hong Lou Meng's poetry is abundant in cultural imagery, which is the soul of poetry. Therefore, this thesis, under the premise of Palmer's culture linguistics, compares the two complete English versions of Hong Lou Meng, one by Yang Xianyi and his wife Gladys Yang and the other by David Hawkes and his son-in-law John Minford, by focusing on the cultural imagery translation of its poetry and verses.
This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter serves as an introduction, introducing the research background and structure of this study. The second chapter introduces Hong Lou Meng and its English versions, illustrates the importance and features of its poetry and gives out the theoretical framework of this paper. The third chapter analyzes cultural imagery in Hong Lou Meng's poetry under five categories:the dragon and phoenix images, gold and jade images, ice, snow and frost images, plants images, and allusions images. The fourth chapter gives a comparative analysis of imagery translation of the two complete versions from three perspectives: images with equivalent cognition, images with different cognition, and images with default cognition. And the fifth chapter summarizes the findings and limitations of this thesis.
It can be found that two translators are not the same in imagery translation, but they share in common their respect and loyalty to the original works and Chinese culture, the same solemn work attitude, and their painstaking effort made in retaining the original cultural meanings and their contribution to spreading Chinese culture.
引文
Cai, Yijiang.[蔡义江],《红楼梦》诗词曲赋鉴赏.北京：中华书局,2001
Cao, Jianhui[曹建辉],汉诗英译中文化意象的传递——以《红楼梦》诗词为例.湖南冶金职业技术学院学报,2009,(2)：78-81
Cao Xueqin. A Dream of Red Mansions. Trans. Yang Xianyi & Gladys Yang. Beijing: Foreign Press.1977
Cao Xueqin. The Story of the Stone Vol.1 (The Golden Days). Trans. David Hawkes. London:Penguin Books Ltd.1973
Cao Xueqin. The Story of the Stone Vol.2 (The Crab-Flower Club). Trans. David Hawkes. London:Penguin Books Ltd.1977
Cao Xueqin. The Story of the Stone Vol.3 (The Warning Voice). Trans. David Hawkes. London:Penguin Books Ltd.1980
Cao Xueqin. The Story of the Stone. Vol.4 (The Debt of Tears'). Trans. John Minford. London:Penguin Group.1982
Chang, Zhiyong.[常智勇],论《红楼梦》诗词英译中“意象美”的再现.陶瓷研究与职业教育,2008,(3)：34-38
Chen, Jingxuan.[陈敬宣],从文化语言学视角看汉诗英译的意象再造——兼评英译《螃蟹咏》的得与失.山东外语教学,2007,(6),104-108
Chen Yan. "On Translation of Poems in Hong Lou Meng from the Perspective of Translators'Subjectivity." Anhui University,2007a
Chen, Yan[陈彦],浅析《红楼梦》诗词翻译中译者的主体性意识.长江大学学报,2007b,(2)：99-101
Ding Na. "A Study on English Translation of Imagery in Chinese Classical Poetry." Liaoning Normal University,2008
Gary B. Palmer. Toward a Theory of Cultural Linguistics. Austin:University of Texas Press.1999
He Sufang. "On Translation Strategies of Poetry in Hong Lou Meng:the Post-colonial Perspective." Central South University,2007
Li, Guanghua.[李广华],帕尔默文化语言学中的人类语言学情结.科教文汇,2008,(1)：164
Liao, Qiyi.[廖七一],当代西文翻译理论探索.南京：译林出版社,2000
Lin, Yan.[林燕],文化语言学视角中《虞美人》英译文的得与失.重庆工学院学报,2009,(2)：149-151
Liu, Genglu[刘耕路],红楼梦诗词解析.长春：吉林文史出版社,2005
Liu Jia. "A Study on the Imagery Translation of Shakespeare's Sonnets from the perspective of Palmer's Cultural Linguistics." Liaoning Normal University,2007
Liu Man. "Study on the Translation Strategies of the Cultural Content of the Poetry in Hong Lou Meng". Huazhong University of Science & Technology,2006
Liu, Wei.[刘巍],帕尔默文化语言学视角下的词汇意象传递.语言文字,2009,(1)：254
Liu, Yan.[刘岩],帕尔默文化语言学理论基础构建.中州大学学报,2006,(3)：53-55
Lv, Xiaojuan.[吕晓娟],从文化语言学视角看宋词《念奴娇.赤壁怀古》的翻译.牡丹江师范学院学报,2007,(6)：57-59
Ji, Yuhua.[纪玉华],帕尔默文化语言学理论的构建思路.外国语,2002,(2)：41-46
Jiang, Fan.[江帆],他乡的石头记——《红楼梦》百年英译史研究.复旦大学,2007
Kang, Yanyan.[康艳艳],帕尔默文化语言学中的认知性.考试周刊,2007,(46)：136-138
Mo Chunyu. "A Study on Domestication and Foreignization of Cultural Elements in the Two English Versions of Hong Lou Meng by the Yangs and David Hawkes." Dalian Maritime University,2008
Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,2001
Newmark, Peter. "Translation:An Introductory Survey." About translation. Peter Newmark. Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,2006
Ou Weihua. "On Translating Cultural Contents of Poetry in Hong Lou Meng." Guangdong University of Foreign Study,2003
Peng, Shiyu.[彭石玉],“文化的痛苦”与“痛苦的文化”——论《红楼梦》诗词“隐语(藏词法)”文化意味的传译.湘潭机电高等专科学校学报,2000,(2)：70-73
Su Xiaohua. "A Study on the Image Translation of LiYu's Lyrics from Palmer's Cultural Linguistics Perspective." Liaoning Normal University,2008
Sun Wenxia. "The Transference of Style in the Poetry Translation in HLM." Xidian University,2004
Sun, Xiangli.[孙祥立],“三美”论：《红楼梦》诗词翻译的理想标准——以许渊冲《葬花吟》英译为例.唐山师范学院学报,2008,(4)：12-15
Tong, Linling & Cheng, Xiaomin.[童琳玲,程晓敏],《红楼梦》诗词的英译：归化与异化.景德镇高专学报,2008,(3)：71-72
Wang Xuan. "A Comparative Study of the Poetry Translation in the Two Versions of Hong Lou Meng from the Perspective of Functionalist Theory." Shanghai Maritime University,2007
Wang, Yuan.[王远],诗歌英译的意象传导初探.牡丹江师范学院学报(哲社版),2007,(6)：70-72
Weng, Xianliang.[翁显良],本色与变相——汉诗英译琐译之三.外国语,1982,(1)
Wu, Yunshu.[吴允淑],异曲同工译曹诗——浅议《红楼梦》诗词英译中的文化过滤问题.安徽农业大学学报,2005,(4)：116-121
Xia, Miao[夏荥].“诗歌翻译三美论”再现——谈杨宪益译《葬花吟》.辽宁行政学院学报,2008,(8)：215-216
Xie, Tianzhen.[谢天振],译介学.上海：上海外语教育出版社,1999
Yang Li. "A Comparative Study on Cross-culture Translation of Some Poems, Ci, Songs, Fu and Allusions in Two English Versions of Hong Lou Meng" Northwest University, 2004
Yu, Qian.[余茜],从功能角度看翻译中的对等——从《红楼梦》诗词英译本的比较.咸宁学院学报,2008,(1)：91-92
Zhang, Man.[张曼],杨宪益与霍克斯的译者主体性在英译本《红楼梦》中的体现.四川外语学院学报,2006,(4)：109-113
Zhang Shuang. "On Image Reacturalization in the English Translation of Wang Wei and Meng Haoran's Pastoral Poetry from Perspective of Palmer's Cultural Linguistics.' Liaoning Normal University,2008
Zhang, Shuang.[张爽],帕尔默文化语言学的认知基础.黑龙江教育学院学报,2007,(5)：118-120
Zhang Yan. "On Poetry Translation in Hong Lou Meng from the Perspective of Skopostheorie." Anhui University,2007
Zhao, Zhenqiang.[赵振强],博厄斯派语言学在帕尔默文化语言学中理论构建.安徽文学,2007,(3)：137-138
Zhong, Shuneng & Ou, Weihua.[钟书能],[欧卫华],《红楼梦》诗词中文化信息的翻译.外语与外语教学,2004,(4)：45-48
Zhou, Ruchang.[周汝昌],曹雪芹.北京：作家出版社,1964