摘要
产业结构调整和优化升级是区域经济发展中必须面对和解决的问题,也是推动区域经济发展的关键因素。中部六省处于我国内陆腹地,具有承东启西、连南通北的区位优势。区域内资源丰富,农业生产优势明显,工业基础雄厚,具有加快经济社会发展的良好条件。中部六省在我国区域经济格局中具有重要的战略地位,但是近年来,发展却落后了,成为了“塌陷”地区,究其原因,中部六省产业结构的落后及不合理是重要原因之一。为了促进中部地区更好的发展,国家提出了促进中部崛起的战略,自中部崛起战略实施以来,中部六省抓住机遇调整产业结构,发展速度加快,总体实力也进一步增强。如今随着《促进中部崛起规划》及相关实施意见的出台,中部六省将进入崛起的关键时期,抓住发展的机遇在新的形势下加快产业结构的优化升级对于加速中部崛起以及形成区域协调发展的新格局具有重要的意义。
本文运用大量的数据对中部六省产业结构进行了比较研究。首先运用定量和定性分析的方法对中部六省产业结构的演进进行了纵向的比较分析,运用时间序列数据对中部六省产业结构的演进与经济增长的关系进行了实证分析,其次从产业结构变动度、产业专业化水平、产业结构效益及三次产业就业弹性对中部六省产业结构进行了横向的比较分析,最后针对中部六省产业结构存在的问题提出了产业结构优化升级的对策建议,为中部六省制定合理的产业规划提供参考意见。
The upgrading and structural optimization of industry is the problem that the regional economy development must be faced and solved, and it is also the key factor to promote the regional economy development. China's central region is in the hinterland that occupies the geographic location position, linking the east and west, south and north. Natural resource is rich in the region; the advantage of agricultural production is obvious; the industry foundation is solid and the industrial system is complete in range, which create the good conditions for the economic and social development. China's central region occupies the important strategic position, but its economic development lags behind and becomes the "collapse area" in recent years. The most important reason is the backward and unreasonable of industry. In order to encourage the central region to develop better, government proposed the strategy of promoting the central region rise sharply. Since the strategy is carried out, the six provinces have seized the opportunity to adjust the industrial structure, accelerating the pace of development and enhancing the overall strength. Now, with the introduction of the "planning of promoting the central region rise" and the related implement suggestions, central region will enter into the critical period of rising. To seize the development opportunity and in the new situation to accelerate the upgrading and structural optimization of industry has the important significance on accelerating the rising of central region and forming the new pattern of regional economy coordinated growth.
The paper reaches the central region industrial structure that focuses on the various data. Firstly, using the quantitative and qualitative methods, the paper analyzes the evolution of the six provinces'industrial structure from longitudinal angle, and also introduces the relationship between the industrial adjustment and economic growth using the time series data. Then the paper does a horizontal and comparative analysis from the changing degree of industrial structure, the level of industrial specialization, efficiency of industrial structure and employment elasticity of industry. Lastly, the paper discusses the problems existing the industrial structure and suggestions for the optimization and upgrading of industry, which will provide the reference opinions on developing the reasonable industry plan for the six provinces.
引文
[1]周起义.区域经济学[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,1989.
[2]杨公朴,夏大慰.产业经济学教程(修订版)[M].上海：上海财经大学出版社,2004：119.
[3]苏东水.产业经济学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2005.
[4]江世银.中部地区战略性产业的合理布局[J].求索,2005(5)：7-9.
[5]郭新力.我国中部地区产业结构优化升级的路径选择[J].经济众说,2006(1)：24-25.
[6]张建军,习海蓉.中部地区产业结构同构现象分析[J].集团经济研究,2007(6)：152-153.
[7]于丽静,张婷.中部地区产业结构布局现状与调整对策[J].科技情报开发与经济,2007,17(28)：138-140.
[8]张付刚,高建华,赵慧.中部六省地区产业结构技术经济分析,2007,21(1)：16-17.
[9]牛少坤.中部地区产业结构与经济增长的实证研究-基于偏离-份额分析法[J].理论与当代,2006(1)：26-29.
[10]曾国平,王燕飞.我国区域产业结构演进的比较分[J].区域经济,2006(2)：81-84.
[11]董国良.东、中西部地区产业结构对比分析及发展趋势[J].经济人学报,2006(2)：27-30.
[12]陶树莉,董玲.中、东部产业结构的比较分析[J].山西高等学校社会科学学报,2006,18(3)：30-32.
[13]曹海霞.山西产业结构演进程度评价[J].经济师,2006(8)：255-256.
[14]闫家厂,杜小梅.河南产业结构与经济增长的关联分析及调整对策[J].经济研究导刊2009(9)：112-113.
[15]吴子稳,庄德林,傅为忠.安徽产业结构与经济增长的关联分析及调整对策[J].合肥工业大学学报,2007,30(2)：226-229.
[16]钟新桥,范志雄.湖北产业结构发展分析与调整战略研究[J].武汉工业学院学报,2009,28(2)：94-102.
[17]朱玉林,何冰妮,李佳.湖南产业结构演进的实证分析[J].统计与决策,2008(15)：86-88.
[18]’袁捷敏.江西产业结构转化方向分析[J].合作开发与科技,2008(10)：20-21.
[19]Guo Sha. The strategic Adjustment of China's Industry Structure in the Next Five year [J]. China & World Economy, November2,2001.
[20]刘伟.产业结构与经济增长[M].北京：中国工业经济出版社,2002：14-21.
[21]魏后凯.现代区域经济学[M].北京：经济管理出版社,2006.
[22]李新安.中部崛起与实现区域和谐发展[J].理论探讨,2005(6)：21.
[23]张占东.中部六省产业结构调整研究[J].经济经纬,2006(6)：31-33.
[24]康兰媛,孙爱珍,朱红根.中部地区产业结构变动的绩效研究-以江西为例[J].江西 农业大学学报,2005,5(3)：89-92.
[25]赵应文.优化中部地区产业布局的思考[J].武汉工业学院学报,2005,24(4)：97-100.
[26]彭连清.东、中、西部地区产业结构特征与区域转移趋向[J].经济纵横,2007(6)：29-31.
[27]陈计旺.东部地区产业转移与中部地区经济发展[J].山西师范大学学报,2003,30(3)：41-46.
[28]卢建红.东中西部产业合作机制研究[J].经济纵横,2007(3)：324-325.
[29]张平.论中国三大区域产业结构的差异[J].经济评论,2007(5)：53-58.
[30]杨行健.我国东、中、西部地区经济协调发展的战略思考[J].学术论坛,2002(3)：42-45.
[31]Guo guangtao, Guo Ju'e, Xi Youmin, Meng Lei. Energy-Saving Effect Calculation and Implementation Strategy Study on the Industrial Structure Adjustment in Western China [J].China Population, Resources and Environment,2008,4(18):44-49.
[32]乔彬,李国平.山西产业结构与经济规模的实证分析[J].生产力研究,2006(6)：180-181.
[33]张晓梅.发挥比较优势与优化山西产业结构的探讨[J].经济问题,2008(3)：121-12.
[34]尹玉青.浅议山西产业结构的优化调整[J].经济师,2009(9)：253-254.
[35]刘新同,岳斌.河南产业结构演进的特点与调整[J].问题研究,2003(9)：6-7.
[36]商勇.河南城镇化水平与产业结构的相关分析[J].问题研究.
[37]张雅枚,江三良.安徽产业结构的演进和产业结构升级的政策建议[J].华东经济管理,2005,19(9)：17-21.
[38]禹晋卿.河南产业结构调整优化策略研究[J].河南社会科学,2008,16(4)：216-218.
[39]张志彬.改革开放以来湖南产业结构的演变与调整对策[J].长沙大学学报,2008,22(4)：10-12.
[40]鲁继通.河南产业结构优化转型的SWOT分析[J].北方经济,2009(7)：71-72.
[41]徐国伟,吴雪.对安徽产业结构的分析与调整的对策[J].特区经济,2009,(7).
[42]张迪.河南产业结构现状分析[J].商场现代化,2006(2)：290.
[43]胡华敏.河南产业结构与就业结构的变化趋势研究[J].河南社会科学,2007,15(5)：206-207.
[44]秦柳.外商直接投资对安徽产业结构影响的实证分析[J].数理统计与管理,2009,28(5)：802-805.
[45]刘洪涛.FDI对湖北产业结构和就业结构的影响[J].财经政法咨询,2006(2)：26-35.
[46]李勇辉,邓勇,戴娟.FDI与湖南产业结构关系的实证研究[J].当代经济管理,2008,30(8)：47-50.
[47]任木荣,刘波.产业结构优化与经济增长的关系-基于湖南的实证研究[J].湖南农业大学学报,2008,9(3)：50-52.
[48]丁咏梅.湖北城市化水平与产业结构的相关分析[J].统计与咨询,2007(6)：34-35.
[49]汤进华,郭应东,刘成武.湖北产业结构变动与经济增长的关联研究[J].统计与决策,2008(11)：91-92.
[50]张志彬.改革开放以来湖南产业结构的演变与调整对策[J].长沙大学学报,2008,22(4)：10-12.
[51]徐贻军,任木荣.产业结构高度化与湖南经济增长的协整研究[J].湖南科技学院学报, 2009,30(3)：113-115.
[52]叶燕,邓涛,程贵孙.江西三次产业结构比较分析与优化发展[J].企业经济,2003(11)：136-138.
[53]何筠,张波.江西产业结构调整与人力资源开发关系实证研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2006,16(13)：113-118.
[54]Susan M. Mudambi, Terence A. Oliva, Ellen F.Thomas. Industrial marketing firms and knowledge transfer:Toward a basic typology of community structures [J]. Industrial Marketing Management,2009,2(38):181-190.
[55]Paul Dewick, Ken Green, Toby Fleetwood, Marcela Miozzo. Modelling creative destruction:Technological diffusion and industrial structure change to 2050 [J]. Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2006,9(73):1084-1106.
[56]Pankaj Ghemawat, Robert E. Kennedy. Competitive shocks and industrial structure:the case of Polish manufacturing [J]. International Journal of Industrial Organization,1999, 6(17):847-867.
[57]Simona Iammarino, Philip McCann. The structure and evolution clusters:Transactions, technology and knowledge spillovers [J]. Research Policy,2006,7(35):1018-1036.
[58]Shih-Chang Hung. Social construction of industrial advantage [J]. Technovation,2000, 4(20):197-203.
[59]Larry Willmore. Determinants of industrial structure:A Brazilian case study [J]. Word Development,1989,10(17):1601-1617.
[60]Sophie Bergeron, Stephane Lallich, Christian Le Bas. Location of innovating activities, industrial structure and techno-industrial clusters in the French economy,1985-1990. Evidence from US patenting,1998,7-8(26):733-751.
[61]Joachim Lamel, Josef Richter, Werner Teufelsbauer. Patterns of industrial structure and economic development:Triangulation of input-output tables of ECE countries [J].European Economic Review,1972,1(3):47-63.
[62]Keith Cowling.On the theoretical specification of industrial structure-performance relations [J]. European Economic Review 1976,1(8):1-14.
[63]Eiji Yamamura, Inyong Shin. Dynamics of agglomeration economies and regional industrial structure:the case of the assembly industrial of the Greater Tokyo Region, 1960-2000 [J]. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics,2007,4(18):483-499.