摘要
内燃机汽车的发展是现代工业技术中最重要的成就之一。然而,高度发展的汽车工业和持续大量汽车的应用,已经在全球引发了严重的环境和碳氢资源问题。大气质量的恶化、全球变暖以及石油资源的匮乏成为了现代生活中的威胁。日益严格的排放法规和燃料效率的标准促进了安全、清洁和高效车辆的迅猛发展。当今,EV、HEV和由燃料电池供电的各类驱动系的技术应用科学被公认是最有指望在可预见的未来解决车辆问题的方法。
混合动力汽车具有续驶里程长,动力性好,排放低、噪声低的优点。对变速系统研究是进行混合动力研究的关键之一,如果混合动力汽车采用手动变速箱,其工作性能很大程度上取决于驾驶员操作的熟练程度,发挥不了混合动力汽车的优势。自动变速器很好地发挥了混合动力的优势,但是国内对自动变速器的研究没有取得令人满意的突破。EMT足运用电力电子技术在MT的基础上改造而来的,它一方面继承了AMT的优点,另一方面又克服了AMT换档动力中断明显、换档时间长的缺点。
EMT作为HEV的自动变速系统,主要思想是将电机与变速器进行集成,不仅有效减少动力系统的纵向长度方便该系统在整车的布置外,利用电机快速精确调速的功能,使变速器的换档同步过程由传统的被动摩擦同步变成主动摩擦同步,使得换档过程更平稳更快速。此外,将电机和变速器集成一体,不仅能够提高整车的效率,编短整车研发周期,且提高了混合动力车辆的市场竞争力。
论文首先对比了不同类型的变速器的结构特点,分析了它们在实际运用中的优势和不足。在此基础上提出了基于电力驱动技术、电子控制技术以及机械传动技术的电驱动自动变速器(EMT)。论文论述了EMT的结构特点,对EMT关键零部件进行了设计。在此基础上,捉出了基于EMT的混合动力系统的控制策略以及控制系统设计,特别是对整车控制器的研发过程做了重点论述。按照EMT的结构特点,提出了高效、节能,简单、成本低的对拖实验台,完成了系统实验。
实验表明,采用调速电机使得变速器换档时间仅0.4s,接近DCT换档时间,该研究成果有助于解决AMT换档中断明显,换档动力中断时间长的难题。
The development of the internal-combustion engine car is one of the most important achievements for the modern industrial technology. However, the applications of the highly developed automobile industry and a lot of car have led to serious environmental and hydrocarbon resources problems. The quality of atmospheric degradation, global warming and the lack of oil resources become the threat of modern life. Ever more stringent emission regulations and fuel efficiency standards promote the safety, clean and efficient rapid development of vehicle. Today, electric vehicles, hybrids electric vehicles, all kinds of drive system technology supplied by fuel cells are known to be the most effective solution in the foreseeable future.
Hybrids Electric vehicle has the advantages of long driving distance, amazing power system and lower pollution and noise. The power coupling system is the key to the hybrid system, there is few breakthroughs have been achieved. The electric-drive mechanical transmission solves the intractable problem of power coupling applied on the parallel hybrid system in virtue of the motor&transmission integrated technology and the rapid and accurate motor speed adjustment characteristic.
EMT is HEV automatic transmission system, dealing with the integration between motor and transmission. The integration method not only reduce the power system length, and turn transmission shifting synchronous process from passive friction synchronous to active friction synchronization, making shift process more smoothly more quickly. In addition, the measures improve the efficiency of the vehicle, shorten the development cycle and improve the market competitiveness of hybrid vehicles.
The thesis first tells the structure of Electric-drive mechanical transmission and the design of the key parts. Secondly, research the control strategy based on the hybrid system. And then, design the control system and test bench. The result of test bench experiment and loading experiment show that the system satisfies the design requirements.
The experimental results show that EMT research results can resolve AMT shifting interrupt obviously and shifting power interrupt time problem.
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