摘要
逻辑学是一门研究人类思维规律的学科,动态认知逻辑是现代逻辑学研究的热门领域,研究者们已经把一个人的独立思考看成是一个动态的过程,并且认为是一个多主体的信息交换过程,通过信息的动态交换,改变了多主体各自的认知状态；中医辨证论治的过程也就是一个信息交换的问题解决过程,通过“观其脉证、知犯何逆、随证治之”的具体步骤,来解决临床医疗活动过程中遇到的问题。《伤寒论》、《金匮要略》体现了张仲景辨证论治思想的精髓,本文将选取《伤寒论》、《金匮要略》两本著作中的桂枝汤及其类方作为研究内容,使用动态认知逻辑的相关理论,对中医“观其脉证、知犯何逆、随证治之”的过程进行刻画,以期为研究张仲景辨证论治思路提供一个新的手段。
本文主要分为以下四个部分：
第一部分主要介绍的是动态认知逻辑的相关内容作为我们的预备知识,其中包括认知逻辑、动态逻辑、动态认知逻辑和AGM理论(理性信念的修正理论),简要的介绍了各种逻辑的定义,公理系统以及假设,以便使用这些工具对下文提及的信息变化进行刻画。
第二部分使用AGM理论对桂枝汤证及其类方进行了重新的分析和总结,文中首先分析了桂枝汤证的证候特点,然后把所增加的不同症状作为信息交换的基本途径,进行探讨,认为桂枝汤及其类方是以桂枝汤证为核心内容,由于新的信息的加入,对原有桂枝汤信念集进行了扩充、收缩和修正,而形成了整个桂枝汤及其类方的大家族,加深了对桂枝汤的认识。
第三部分仍以桂枝汤及其类方为研究重点,使用了动态认知逻辑的方法,系统分析了当医生接受到一个信息后其信念的变化,由于新信息和原有信念集的不同关系,将对原有信念集进行修正,即是完成了一次信念修正的过程。但医生和患者之间的信息交流不是一次完成的,通过每次这样动态的信息交流,都可以对信念产生影响。对于是否对原信念集产生影响,医生将根据自身的评价体系进行分析、检验,进而促进医疗技术的提高。通过这样的研究,可以明确医生的“观其脉证、知犯何逆、随证治之”的过程不单是一个静态的过程,更是一个动态过程,同时可以发现,医生的信念在这样的变化过程中出现的变化。
最后给出总结,由于症状的变化而导致医生处方用药的变化正是逻辑学中信念修正的具体体现,对于这样的过程,使用动态认知逻辑的方法进行研究将是一种有益的探索。
The logic is the study of human beings law of thinking disciplines, and dynamic epistemic logic is the hot field of modern logic research, The researchers have put a person's independent thinking as a dynamic and a multiagent information exchange process. Through the dynamic information exchange, informations change the multiagent their own Cognitive States; syndrome differentiation and treatment process is also a problem solving process of information exchange. Through the "Observe symptoms to know how it committed against, and then follow the legislation to treat syndromes" of the specific steps, doctors solve the clinical medical treatment problems."Treatise on Febrile Diseases" and "Synopsis of Golden Chamber" reflect the quintessence of the syndrome differentiation and treatment, This paper will select cassia twig decoction and the likes as the research content, Use dynamic epistemic logic theory, Characterize " Observe symptoms to know how it committed against, and then follow the legislation to treat syndromes " process, in order to study the syndrome differentiation and treatment of Zhang Zhongjing and provides a new means thinking.
This paper is divided into four parts:
Part1:mainly introduce the dynamic epistemic logic and the relevant contents as prepare knowledge, including cognitive logic, dynamic logic, dynamic cognitive logic and AGM theory, this paper briefly introduces the definition of these logic, justice system and assuming that in order to use these tools describe information change.
Part2:use of AGM theory to study cassia twig decoction and the likes, this paper first analyzes the cassia twig decoction's syndromes characteristics, and then to analysis new information, lead to the conclusion that cassia twig decoction is the core content of cassia twig decoction and the likes, follow the new infoemation cassia twig decoction is expanded, shrinked and corrected, and form a family of cassia twig decoction and the likes, deepen the understanding of guizhi decoction.
Part3:still make cassia twig decoction and the likes as the research focus, use the dynamic epistemic logic method, analysis a doctor'belief and change when accept new information, because the different relations of new information and original set of beliefs, the belief set will corrected. At this dynamic process, each information exchange will influence the doctor's faith, and doctor will according to their own evaluation system to decide whether to make change. Through the research, we can define the doctor's " Observe symptoms to know how it committed against, and then follow the legislation to treat syndromes" is not only a static process, but also a dynamic process, at the same time, it can be found that the doctor's belief in such changes appeared in the process.
Finally:the change of the symptoms led to doctor's prescribe different medicine change is embodiment of faith correction in the logic, for such process, use the method of dynamic epistemic logic research will is a useful exploration.
引文
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