摘要
从上个世纪九十年代起微机继电保护技术在我国得到了快速发展和广泛应用,目前全国电力大中专院校大部分都开设了微机保护专业课程,但是微机保护实验设备功能单一、体积庞大、价格较贵,不适于在学校推广,学生缺乏对微机保护的感性认识,毕业后很难适应现场要求。针对这种现象,本文着力研究开发一种牵引供电微机保护教学实验系统,既可以面向高校电力系统专业学生进行牵引供电微机保护教学实验,又可面向现场继电保护工作人员进行相关培训任务。
本系统由一台微机保护测试仪、TA21保护测控装置和一台上位机(PC机)组成闭环系统,装置和上位机通过RS-232接口连接:以Delphi7.0为开发工具,完成了本系统的界面设计;利用Windows API函数实现了上位机和微机保护装置的通信。系统功能由保护原理说明模块、实验模块、波形下载模块、帮助模块和微机保护测试仪控制模块五大模块组成,模块化设计使得系统可靠性高、可读性好、升级简单。
本文研究了教学实验系统的配置方案、实现了上位机与装置的通信、提出了一种将自定义波形下载到装置进行实验研究的方法、设计了教学实验系统的界面。系统配置简单实用,实验者随时可以进行学习和培训,可以配合不同的保护测控装置进行实验,也可通过下载不同保护测控装置的软件在一台装置上进行实验,简单高效,经济实用,可以大大提高学生和培训人员的动手能力和技术水平。
From the last century ninetieth, microprocessor relay protection technology has been rapidly developed and widely used in our country. At present, many schools in power system set the class of microprocessor relay protection. But the experimental devices of microprocessor relay protection have the defect of function single, inconvenient, and high cost ect. The students are lack of the perceptual knowledge of microprocessor relay protection and hard to match the fact request. Based on the condition, a teaching and experimental system for microprocessor relay protection of traction power supply is researched in this paper. It can be applied to the experiment for students and also to the relay protection staffs for training.The system is a closed loop which consists of a microprocessor relay test equipment, measuring and protective device and a upcomputer. The device and upcomputer are linked by RS-232 interface;the man-machine interface is realized by Delphi 7.0;Windows API functions are used to complete the communication between the upcomputer and device. The system is composed of principle explanation module, experiment module, wave downloading module, help module and the controlling of microprocessor relay test equipment module. Modularization makes the system high reliable, easy to read and upgrade.The configuration scheme and communication of upcomputer and device is researched in this paper. A method of downloading the self-defined wave to the device to take the experiment research is presented, and the man-machine interface of this system is designed. The system configuration is simple and practical, which is convenient to study and train for experimentalist. It can match different devices or different soft wares of one device to take experiment. This system is efficient, economic and helpful to enhance the operation ability and technique level of students and trainees.
引文
[01] 尹星光,韩荣珍.微机继电保护发展的历史、现状及其趋势[J].广东电力,2003,6(3):11-14
[02] 王梅义.高压电网继电保护运行技术[M].第一版.北京:电力工业出版社,1981
[03] 杨奇逊.微型机继电保护基础[M].第一版.北京:中国电力出版社,1988
[04] 刘园.基于DSP的多功能微机保护实验装置硬件研究和设计[A].湖南大学硕士学位论文,2005
[05] 李骏年.电力系统继电保护[M].第一版.北京:水利电力出版社,1993
[06] 杨永升.基于面向对象技术的微机保护仿真[J].电力自动化设备,2001,7
[07] 高则娥,由昭今.大港油田变电站仿真培训系统[J].石油规划设计,1998,9(6):38-38
[08] 张东英,葛亮.500kv综合自动化变电站仿真培训系统的实现[J].电网技术,2001,25(6):64—66
[09] 陶森林,邹振宗,张维理等.川渝500kv变电站及电网仿真系统研究[J].四川电力技术,1998,5:6—12
[10] 井寅坡.110kv无人值班变电站及控制中心仿真[J].四川电力技术,1999,2:56—60
[11] 张全元,朱平.500kv变电站仿真系统的研究[J].湖北电力,2000.24(4):13—16
[12] Zaniah Bt. Muda, Power System Protection Based on Personal Computer. In: IEEE Computer, Communication and Power Engineering Conference. Beijing, 1993, 288-291
[13] 潘启敬.牵引供电系统继电保护[M].第二版.北京:中国铁道出版社,1993
[14] 高仕斌.高速铁路牵引供电系统新型保护原理研究[A]。西南交通大学博士学位论文,2004
[15] 吕亚萍.实验教学培养学生创新能力的作用和方法[J].实验室研究与探 索,2001.12
[16] 胡志凌.网络实验教学研究[A].华中师范大学硕士学位论文,2002
[17] 梁上燕.高校开放式实验教学研究[A].西北师范大学硕士学位论文,2002
[18] 钱守仁等.物理实验教学全面开放的实践与体会[J].实验技术与管理,1999,1
[19] 金建源.我国现场继电保护试验装置的现状和发展[J].电力系统自动化,1997,21(7):57-60.
[20] 陈皓.新一代微机继电保护测试仪及其基本性能[J].电力自动化设备,2002,5(5):61-63
[21] 何智平,周玲等.国内市场微机型继电保护测试仪的现状和发展[J].继电器,2005,4(8):76-7
[22] 北京博电新力电力系统仪器有限公司.PW系列继电保护测试仪用户手册,2002
[23] Lewis B1ackbum. Protective Relaying Principles and Applications. Marcel Dekker Inc, 1987
[24] 林蓉,吴希来等.继电保护课程实验教学环节的改革尝试[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,1998,10(2):53-56
[25] 王鸣江,范春菊等.开放式微机保护试验平台的研制[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2003,2(1):63-66
[26] 杨新民,杨隽琳.电力系统微机保护培训教材[M].第一版.北京:中国电力出版社,2000
[27] 黄勇.微机保护与变电站综合自动化实验系统硬件的研发[A].2003
[28] 张举,赵克等.微机型线路保护仿真培训装置[J].中国电力,1995(8):29-31
[29] 杨先义.变电站微机保护监控仿真培训系统的研制[A].电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2004
[30] Zaniah Bt. Muda, Power System Protection Based on Personal Computer. IEEE Computer, Communication and Power Engineering Conference. Beijing, 1993:288-291
[31] J Richordson, S J Rourke. Micro-Computer Based Power System Protection Schemes. IEEE International Conference on Industrial Power Engineering. London, 1986:165-169
[32] McLaren, P.G, Mustaphi, K., Benmouyal, G. Software Models for Relays. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2001, 16(2}:238-245
[33] 吕伟臣.Delphi 7入门与提高[M].第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[34] 交大许继公司.TA21型牵引变电所安全监控与综合自动化系统说明书.
[35] 陈皓,汪波等.微机保护装置硬件结构[J].电力自动化设备,2000,4(2):32-36
[36] 邵霞.微机保护与变电站综合自动化实验系统软件的研发[A].湖南大学硕士学位论文,2003
[37] 中华人民共和国行业标准.继电保护和安全自动装置技术规程(DL 400—91)
[38] 贺家李,宋从矩.电力系统继电保护原理[M].第三版.北京:中国电力出版社,1994
[39] 张举.微机型继电保护装置原理与运行[M].第一版.天津:天津科学技术出版社,1996
[40] 杨奇逊,黄少锋.微型机继电保护基础.第二版.北京:中国电力出版社,2005
[41] B. Teyasurya, W. J. Smolinski, Design and Testing of AMicroprocessor Based Distance Relay, IEEE Trans. PAS Vol. 103, May 1984
[42] Naka et al, Application of Microprocessor to the control and protection system at substation, IEEE. VoI. PAS-IOO, No. 7, 1980
[43] D. Russell, Application of Microcomputer to the protection and control of power system substations, roc. of 6th IEEK Conf. in Decision
[44] 赵兰涛,苏彦华.Delphi串口通信技术与工程实践[M].第一版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[45] 张世生,尹呈良.基于Delphi的PC机RS—232串口通信[J].计算机技术与应用,2005,5:86-88
[46] 范逸之,陈立元.Delphi与RS—232串行通信控制[M].第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[47] 中华人民共和国电力行业标准.DL/T 667-1999远动设备及系统第5部 分传输规约,第103篇,继电保护设备信息接口配套标准,1997
[48] 卢俊岭,王鹏飞.串口通讯Linux和Windows下的实现与比较[J].榆林学院学报,2005,11(5):6-8
[49] 张志明,李蓉艳.基于多线程技术和自定义消息编程实现Windows 9x异步串行通信[J].计算机应用研究,2000,5:64-65
[50] 宋宏宇,丁铁夫.用Delphi实现Windows下的串口通信[J].计算机系统应用,1998,3:36-37
[51] 吴先亮,刘春生.基于多线程的串口通信软件的设计与实现[j].控制工程,2004,2
[52] 李忠明,方锦明.基于Delphi 6的串口通信程序实现方法研究[J].兰州大学学报,2004,4
[53] 张海莲,马琳等.Delphi 7组件应用实例[M].第一版.北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[54] 罗小平.Delphi精要[M].第一版.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[55] Zhu Jun, LubkemanD L. Object-oriented Development of Software Systems for Power System Simulation. IEEE Trans on Power Systems, 1997, 12(2)
[56] 丁奇志,谢士涛等.HTML联机帮助系统的开发[J].微型机与应用,2003,7:59-60
[57] 郑人杰,殷人昆,陶永雷.实用软件工程[M].第二版.北京:清华大学出版社,1997
[58] Duhamel P, Vetterli M. Fast Fourier Transform: a tutorial review and a state of the art. Signal Processing, 1990, 19:259-199