摘要
絮凝剂的性能是直接影响絮凝沉淀效果的关键因素。因此,研制高效能、低毒性、低成本的新型絮凝剂具有重要意义。
本文在分析国内外聚硅酸类复合絮凝剂研究与发展的基础上,结合气田水的特点,采用资源丰富的铁矿粉、工业浓硫酸为主要原料,在不同煅烧温度、煅烧时间、硫酸浓度、酸浸时间和液固比等条件下制得系列硫酸铁,并进行实验测试分析,根据实验数据,建立了铁浸出率模型,得到硫酸铁制备的最佳工艺参数。
研究了高分子絮凝剂聚硅酸硫酸铁(PFSS)的制备技术与工艺,分析了絮凝剂PFSS的结构、性质特征,制备出了高效、可靠、适用气田水处理的新型絮凝剂PFSS,并对气田水进行了实际应用处理研究。
通过合成Fe、Si摩尔比不同的聚硅酸硫酸铁,应用化学分析法、现代仪器分析测试技术,对PFSS中聚硅酸与铁之间的相互作用进行对比研究,对絮凝剂絮凝机理进行研究分析。研究表明,絮凝剂PFSS不是简单的原料复配,而是以共聚形态络合而成。Fe—O—Fe键的形成速度快,并且对Si—O—Fe键的形成有相互促进作用;Si—O—Si键(活性硅酸聚合)形成速度慢,并且对Si—O—Fe键的形成有相互阻碍作用,这是适量而不是过量的金属离子能延缓硅酸凝胶的本质原因。
絮凝剂PFSS能同时具有电中和和吸附架桥絮凝作用。实验中采用自制絮凝剂PFSS分别处理模拟废水和气田水,并与目前广泛使用的水处理剂PFS、PAC进行对比研究和分析。同时,对影响絮凝剂PFSS处理效果的主要因素进行系统分析,确定了本实验条件下最佳的水处理条件和工艺参数。结果表明,PFSS的絮凝效果优于PFS、PAC,当PFSS用量为400mg/L,PH=6时,可使气田水COD去除率达到70%以上。
The coagulation effect is directly affected by coagulant’s performance. It is interesting to study on high-effect, low-toxicity and low-cost coagulant.
According to the research and development of polymeric silicic acid complex coagulants, Aiming at the character of gasfield water, using resourceful iron ore powder and industrial oil of vitriol as the main raw materials, a kind of ferric sulfate was prepared. In the process of iron lixiviation experiment, the paper discusses factors that influence the lixiviation rate of iron, such as calcining temperature, calcining time, vitriol density, pickling time and liquid to solid ratio. Then the mathematical model of lixiviation rate of iron was built and the best process conditions were obtained. Preparation and technology of macromolecular flocculant-Polyferric Silicate
Sulfate (PFSS) have been studied. The samples of PSS, which were high-effect, credible, fit for gasfield water treatment, were prepared.
The interaction between polysilicic and ferric was examined by means of chemical analysis and modern instrumental analysis techniques, and the flocculating mechanism was also studied. The results indicated that coagulant PFSS wasn’t the simple blending of the raw material, but combined as polymer form. Fe-O-Fe bond rapidly formed facilitates Si-O-Fe bond’s shaping, and the Si-O-Si bond (active silicic acid polymer) formed very slowly baffles with Si-O-Fe bond’s shaping. It’s the essential reason that proper quantities not superfluous metal ion can stave silicic acid’s gelling.
The coagulant PFSS has the effect of charge neutrality and absorbing bridge flocculating function. In the experiment, self-regulating coagulant PFSS was respectively used to treat analog waste water and gasfield water, and which effects are compared to PFC, PAC used water treatment. Simultaneously, the main factors, which affect the treatment effect, were analyzed systematically and the best water treatment condition and technics parameters were ascertained. The results showed that the flocculation effect of PFSS was superior to PFS, PAC. In the condition of PFSS 350-400mg/L, PH 6, the COD of gasfield water can be removed over 70%.
引文
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