摘要
随着我国企业数控机床数量的增多，出现了对数控机床使用效率低，管理差等现象。数控机床的联网控制能明显改善车间的生产组织与管理，提高数控机床利用率，拓展数控机床的加工能力。它侧重于信息流的集成，具有投资小，见效快的特点，是企业实现CAD／CAM一体化关键的环节，也是制造业信息化需解决的关键问题之一。所以本课题针对中低档数控机床的联网展开研究。
本课题主要研究数控系统、网络控制及串行通信，并开发数控机床网络化控制系统。根据协议转换联网原理，利用PLC和串口联网服务器，将具有RS-232通信接口的数控机床进行联网。数控机床联网后具备以下功能：数控设备工作时间的管理；利用PLC检测数控机床的加工状态，累积有效的加工时间和显示工作状态；强制保养机床；现场计算机向指定的数控机床发送和接受零件加工程序。同时开发适合在车间工段使用的管理软件。该软件以Windows 2000为操作平台，Visual Basic 6.0为前台开发工具，Microsott SQL server 2000为后台数据库，实现了计算机与工业现场数控设备间双向数据传输。该软件还具有NC文件管理、设备管理、系统初始化等功能。
本课题研究的数控机床网络控制技术成本低，通用性好，可应用在多种数控系统(如FANUC、西门子、三菱数控系统)的数控机床上，能够顺利实现现场数控机床的集中监控和管理，以及车间加工程序及加工任务的计算机辅助管理，为企业网络化制造、高自动化生产奠定了良好的底层技术基础。
With the increase on the amount of NC machine of enterprises, the phenomenon of low productivity, poor management to NC machine appeared in our country. The integrative network of NC machine can greatly improve manufacturing management of workshop, and enhance the utilization frequency of the NC machine, and enlarge the machining capability. It emphasizes on integration of information stream, and has the characteristic of little investment and rapid effect. It is the most important step and one of the key points for an enterprise to carry out its incorporated CAD/CAM to solve for information in manufacturing. So network control of NC machine is studied.
In this paper, the structure of NC system, network control and serial communication are mainly investigated and a network NC machining controlling system is developed. NC machines with RS-232 serial port are linked together by utilizing PLC and Nport5610-16 according to protocol conversion network theory. As well network control of NC machine is realized that it can complete the following items: managing turning time of NC machine; monitoring the working state measured by PLC, accumulating effective work time and displaying the state of NC machine; locking the machine to force the operator to maintain the machine; sending and receiving the machining program from computer on spot to the NC machine. Meanwhile the managing program developed for the workshop is achieved. This software regards Windows 2000 as operating deck and Visual Basic 6.0 as foreground development tool, Microsoft SQL server 2000 as background database. At the same time, bilateral data transmission between computer and industrial numerical control equipment on spot is realized. This system has other functions, such as NC file management, equipment management, initializing system, etc.
The network control technique of NC machine are characterized by low cost and good versatility, so it may be applied to NC machine which can be provided with many kinds of NC control systems, such as, FANUC, SIEMENS, MITSUBISHI. The function of concentrative monitoring and management of NC machines working in site and computer aided managements for machining programs and machining tasks in workshop were completed to establish stable technical foundation to achieve network manufacturing and highly automation production for an enterprise.
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