升船机监控系统的研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
升船机是实现高坝通航的重要手段之一,也是造船厂新船建造和坞修的主要工作平台。它是涉及水动力学、电气控制、机械等多领域的系统工程,运行工况比较复杂,对可靠性、稳定性要求很高。
     本研究结合我国船厂升船机平台的现状及技术要求,针对性地设计了一套监控系统。该升船机是由纵向柔性联结的三平台构成,总长70米,宽13米,总提升力为1100吨,如何依靠14台卷扬机同步操作实现平台的升起或沉下是研究的要点。
     该监控系统包括人机界面友好的工控上位机、先进可靠的PLC下位机和作为传动控制装置的14台变频器等部分。分别选用SIEMENS工控机、SIEMENS S7-300系列PLC和SIEMENS 6SE70系列矢量控制(VC)变频器。运用传输速度快、开放性好、国际通用的PROFIBUS-DP现场总线技术,实现上位机与PLC,PLC与14台变频器之间的通信。PLC向变频器写入控制字和转速设定值、并读取变频器的状态字和转速实际值。变频器经光电编码器采集电机转速并自主构成转速闭环控制。通过专用协议SIMOLINK完成变频器间的数据快速传输,从而保证变频器按一个公共节拍同步工作,实现多点速度同步。
     本文所构建的升船机平台监控系统,已在大连某船厂进行了调试并投入运行使用,稳定可靠、操作简便。
The shiplift is the one of the most important means to realize navigation through the high dam, and it is also the main working platform for the new ship-building and ship-fixing in the dock in the shipyard. It is a system engineering which covers many fields including hydrodynamics, electric controlling and mechanism etc. Its running working circumstance is more complex which needs much high reliability and stability.
    In this research according to the present condition and its technique request of shiplift platform currently in our country, we design a set of monitoring system. The shiplift platform is composed of longitudinal lissome coupling three platform, having 70 meters length, 13 meters width, which has a total lifting ability of 1100 tons. It is rised and lowered depending on 14 sets of winding engines synchronous operation.
    This monitoring system consists of industrial control upper-computer having the friendly human and man interface, advanced reliable PLC lower-processor, 14 converters as the driving unit, we distinguishingly choose SIEMENS industrial computer, SIEMENS S7-300 series PLC and SIEMENS 6SE70 series (Vector Control) converter. The application of PROFIB US-DP fieldbus technology that is transferring speed fast, opening finely and international general use to relalize the communication between upper-computer and PLC, PLC and 14 converters. The fiber optic cables of SIMOLINK are used to communication among converters. PLC writes to converters the control words and rotational speed set value, at the same time read the status words and the real values of the rotational speed from the converters. Converter acquisitiones motor's rotational speed via the optic-electric encoder, then form the closed-loop speed control. It can complete the quickly delivering data among converters through specific protocol SIMOLINK, and guarante the converters working synchronously at one common rhythm, finally to ralize the request of many points at the same speed.
    The monitoring system has been debugged and used in the shipyards in Dalian. It is running safely and reliably and easy to be operated.
引文
[1] 杨自薰.国内外升船机及有关设计科研技术问题简介,交通部水运规划设计院,1988
    [2] 唐冠军,德国升船机技术与管理的考察体会,水运工程,2002.9,1-4
    [3] 包纲鉴等,水坡升船机水力学原型观测成果,中国水力发电工程学会通航专业委员会第三届第二次学术交流会论文集,1999.5
    [4] 王国扬.发展中的通航建设,会议交流文章,1998.4
    [5] 李思敏,我国升船机发展综述,国家机械委北京起重运输机械研究所,1987.10
    [6] 李云等,通航船闸水力学研究进展,中国水力发电工程学会通航专业委员会第三届第二次学术交流会论文集,1999.5
    [7] N.M德乌斯著,陈士荫、金煜译,通航船闸,大连工学院出版社,1988.5
    [8] 田泳源,高水头通航建筑物的全属结构和机械设备,中国水力发电工程学会通航专业委员会第二届第二次学求交流会论文集,1999.5
    [9] 三峡工程升船机及人型金属结构,国外技术交流资料汇编,内部资料
    [10] 丁江平,气压式升船机的特点,河海大学机械学院学报,1997.4,38-44
    [11] 顾正华,升船机承船厢水动力特性实验研究,南京水利科学研究院,硕士学位论文,2000.7,3-4
    [12] 张步斌,郭明,我国升船机的发展前景分析,矿山机械,1996.8,18-20
    [13] 姜连馥,陆文发,卷扬式垂直升船平台设计简介,水运工程,1995.12,14-19
    [14] 唐冠军,德国升船机考察札记,中国水运,2001.11,43-44
    [15] 孙精石等,关于升船机的调查研究,水道港口,2001.3,141-145
    [16] 刚宪惠,现场总线技术及其应用,1996.6,清华大学出版社,1-16,238-309,388-411
    [17] 张常年等,计算机通信与工业控制,第1版,2002.1,化学工业出版社,117-118,120-122,127-135
    [18] 白广来,朱绍庐,现场总线技术与机舱自动化的研究,中国航海,98.2,74-77
    [19] 马宝林,杨逍,PROFIBUS—DP协议简介,国内外机电—体化技术,2003.1,44-46
    [20] 谢兵兵等,升船机主提升电力拖动系统研究与设计(一),制造业自动化,2002.7,57-61
    [21] 孙鸿秉,初日亭,岩滩垂直升船机技术研究及可靠性分析,水利发电,2001.1,32.35
    
    
    [22] 梅映新等,清江隔河岩第二级升船机主拖动系统设计与分析,船舶科学技术,2003.2,11-15
    [23] 谢敏,岩滩水电站升船机计算机监控系统设计,红水河,2002.1,46-49
    [24] 谢兵兵等,升船机主提升电力拖动系统研究与设计(二),制造业自动化.2002.8,63-65
    [25] 吴忠智,黄立培,吴加林,调速用变频器及配套设备选用指南,第一版,2000.9,机械工业出版社,72-81
    [26] A.Ferrah et al,A Speed Identifier for Induction Motor Drivers Using Real-Time Adaptive Digital Filtering,IEEE Trans.Ind.Appl.1998,Vol.34(1),156-162
    [27] C.C.Chan et al,New Scheme of Sliding-Mode Control for High Performance Induction Motor Drivers,IEE Proc.Eiectr.PowerApple.,1996,Vol.143(3),177-185
    [28] 刘红兵,崔勇,交流矢量控制在升船机闸门提升系统中的应用,舰船科学技术,2003.2.19-23
    [29] 陈振学,赵明旺,PLC与智能从站之间的数据通讯,自动化博览,2003.3,50-52
    [30] 桂杰,郭巧菊,可编程控制器与工控机在锅炉定期排污中的应用,自动化与仪表,2002.4,51.52
    [31] 方彦军,廖廷常,基于PROFIBUS-DP现场总线的变频器通信技术的应用研究,PLC&FA,2001.6,6-9
    [32] 王远旺,桃林口水库升船机设计与调试运用,河北水利水电技术,2002.5,4-6
    [33] 张萌,扭距测量在升船机上的应用,船舶科学技术,2000.1,37-40
    [34] 李友泉,利用PLC和变频器进行速度同步控制,电气传动,2000.5,6-7
    [35] 朱红,西门子6SE70型变频器制动方案选择,电气传动,1999.1,16-18
    [36] 姜连馥,陆文发,卷扬式垂直升船平台设计简介.水运工程,1995.12,14-19
    [37] 聂有壮,集散型控制系统在污水处理厂的应用,天津市政工程,1998.9,1-2
    [38] 张翔,船舶生活污水处理自控系统的设计与研究,大连海事大学,硕士学位论文,2003.3,36-43
    [39] 吕权息,船用锅炉燃烧控制系统的研究,大连海事大学,硕士学位论文,2002.4,43-45
    [40] 程磊等,CASS法污水处理计算机控制系统设计,工业控制计算机,2001.5,38-40