摘要
随着电气列车速度的提高,列车在运行过程中,弓网系统会有一系列的振动出现,这样燃弧次数也越来越频繁。由于电弧的温度很高,使接触线和滑板表面受到烧蚀,弓网系统的受流情况变得恶化,所以弓网系统的可靠性接触是列车获得电流的基本保证。
评价弓网系统的接触质量的包括：接触电阻的大小、接触温升、接触压力、离线率、以及接触导线定位点的动态抬升量等,现在经常利用接触线与滑板之间的摩擦磨损来评价弓网系统的运行寿命。可以采取如下等措施来减小弓网电弧的现象,如合理匹配接触线和滑板的材料、减小受电弓弓头的振动、保证弓网间可靠的接触压力,改进滑板的生产工艺等。
本论文研究的是电气列车在弓网系统发生分离时产生的电弧带来的影响,根据非线性有限元理论,建立接触线、受电弓弓头滑板的有限元模型,借助于MARC软件强大的后处理功能分析产生电弧的温度场和电磁场。给出不同节点接触线的温度变化情况,分析电弧对接触导线和受电弓滑板不伺材料配副的温升变化以及覆冰时的影响,而且还分析了不同受流大小和接触压力对弓网静态接触温升的情况,仿真得出电弧电磁场分布特点及数值大小。本文通过仿真的结果,得出一系列接触面温度分布及接触面电磁场的分布情况,该仿真结果与查阅的资料相对比,验证了所建模型的正确性。
With the high speed of electrical train, pantograph-catenary system will appear a series of vibration, so the number of arc burning becomes more and more frequent. Because the arc has a high temperature, it will make contact line and skateboard surface destroyed and the flow of current becomes worse between pantograph and catenary. Reliable contact is the basic guarantee for the current.
The main assessment of current quality is the size of the contact resistance, contact pressure, contact temperature, separating rate, and fixed position point of contact wire dynamic lifting about the contact of pantograph-catenary system quality. Now we often use friction and wear between skateboard and contact line to evaluate the operation life of the system. We can take the following measures to reduce arc phenomenon, such as match contact line and the board materials rationally, reduce the vibration of pantograph, ensure reliable pressure between pantograph and catenary system, and improve the production process of contacted line.
This thesis studies the impact of arc when the pantograph-catenary system is separated during the electric train works on the railway. The model of pantograph-catenary system's contacted wire is established by using the nonlinear finite element theory. The temperature field and electromagnetic fields cloud produced by arc are analyzed through the powerful post-processing function of MARC.It concluded the different nodes of temperature change in contacted face and the distribution of the electromagnetic field. It draws a conclusion about a series of temperature change and the change of the electromagnetic field that are brought about by arc through the simulation results. Temperature field gives different nodes the temperature change of the contact line and skateboard. The influence of different material match and the ice is on the skateboard when the arc brings about. It also analyzes temperature change in the different size current and contact pressure. At last, it concludes the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics and numerical value size. In simulation results and previous relative reference comparisons the conclusion are proved to be correct in the simulation models.
引文
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