摘要
钢结构因其自身重量轻、承载力高、抗震性能优越、经济美观等诸多优点,被广泛应用于实际工程中。各国对钢结构的研究也越来越深入,充分发挥钢材强度高、机械性能强等优点成为当今结构设计领域的一大热点。钢梁作为钢结构的一种主要受力构件,其截面形式和结构形式也在不断丰富,如薄壁箱梁、蜂窝梁、曲梁、空翼缘梁(Hollow Flange Beam,简称HFB梁)、X形截面梁、空腹钢梁等。本文的研究重点首先是基于一种基于膜效应梁的开发,并通过对基于膜效应梁静力下受力性能的分析来研究其承载性能。
本文主要根据薄膜结构的结构形式及受力特点,研究了一种基于膜效应的新型钢梁,采用有限元方法分析了基于膜效应梁构件在均布荷载下的弹塑性荷载-位移特性、稳定性及刚度,其中采用钢材的理想弹塑性材料本构关系模型,同时考虑了几何非线性的影响。
通过与普通钢箱梁构件、H型钢梁构件的分析结果对比,基于膜效应梁构件具有较高的整体稳定性;通过普通钢箱梁和基于膜效应梁构件在均布荷载作用下的静力性能分析对比,验证了基于膜效应梁构件具有较高承载力。
本文研究了构件跨高比、截面高宽比、腹板高厚比、翼缘宽厚比、内置管形状及排列方式对基于膜效应梁构件受力性能的影响,并总结出了各种因素对基于膜效应梁构件构件的影响规律,为基于膜效应梁构件的设计提供了参考依据。本文还根据现行规范挠度公式提出了基于膜效应梁构件在均布荷载状态下的刚度计算公式,该公式考虑构件屈曲影响因素,引入刚度修正系数β。
钢结构的连接计算时设计和施工过程中的重要组成部分,本文针对《钢结构设计规范》(GB50017-2003)中关于承压型螺栓连接的条文不足之处,对承压型高强螺栓的承载力计算问题进行了探讨,对规范的修订提出了意见,也为课题接下来在连接问题方面的研究工作做一定的铺垫。
Steel structure is widely used in practical projects for it's light weight, high bearing capacity,superior seismic performance,economic and aesthetic appearance in recent years. With the research of the steel structure more and more in-depth, take it's high strenth, exceptional ability in deformation become a hot in structure design. As be one of the main stress components in steel structure, the section and structure form of the steel beam such as thin-wall box girder、castellated beam、curved beam、hollow flange beam、X-section beam、hollow steel beam etc, become more and more plentiful. The development of a new type of beam would be the key research in this paper, and it's mechanical properties would be studied by static analysis.
According to the structural form and mechanical characteristic of membrane structure, a new type of beam component was developed based on film effects in this dissertation. Elastic-plastic load - displacement characteristics、ultimate bearing capacity of strength and rigidity of this component under the uniformly distributed load are investigated through the finite element analysis method. Considering the effects of material nonlinearity and geometric nonlinearity, the steel was regarded as an ideal elastic-plastic material.
The results demonstrated that demonstrated the new steel beam has higher stability and preferable load-bearing performance in contrast with ordinary steel box girder and H-section beam. Meanwhile, the influence of type of load、span ratio of the component、height to width aspect ratio of the section、ratio of height to sectional thickness、flakiness ratio、the shape and arrangement of the built-in pipe on component mechanical properties are focused in the paper, and the influence laws were summarized, which could be the reference for the optimization of this new beam components design.
The Stiffness calculation formula of Membrane effect beam, which took the influence of component buckling, but also introduced stiffness correction factorβ, was put forwarded under distribution load.
Connection calculating in steel structure is the important component in design and construction process。This paper studied the pressure type of high strength bolts’capacity calculating problems in view of the deficient provision about the pressure type of high strength connection in《Code for design of steel structures》 (GB50017-2003). All of this not only Puts forward opinions for code revision but also does the prelude work for the further connection problems studying.
引文
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