摘要
随着国家经济的飞速发展,对大跨度空间的需求越来越大,在此背景下,近年来国家建造了一大批体育场馆、会展中心、火车站房、航站楼以及大型厂房等大跨度建筑结构。除传统的网架、网壳和桁架结构外,在一些工程中创新的应用了很多新型高效的结构体系,如张弦梁、张弦桁架、弦支穹顶、弦支筒壳、索穹顶、空腹网壳等结构体系。
为解决单层网壳结构平面外刚度弱以及双层网壳结构杆件密影响建筑效果的问题,结合鄂尔多斯新建航站楼机场A区穹顶,采用了单双层网格结构体系。基于有限元理论,对单双层网格结构的静力性能、温度效应以及稳定性能进行了研究,得出单双层网格结构具有较好的静力性能和稳定性能。单双层网格结构对考虑太阳辐射作用的温度荷载较为敏感,建议设计此类结构时,对结构的温度荷载和温度效应进行细致分析。
采用瞬态动力学理论,对单双层网格结构在脉动风作用下以及多点地震激励下的动力响应进行了研究,得出结构位移平均风振系数在2.0左右;当波速度分别为V=300m/s、V=800m/s和V=1200m/s时,结构杆件地震行波影响系数的分布范围分别为0.43~3.76、0.33~2.04和0.40~1.75。
鄂尔多斯机场航站楼A区穹顶的支撑采用了Y型支撑,在网格结构与Y型支撑汇交处,存在多杆件汇交、受力复杂的特点,此处采用了带肋铸钢球节点,本文对其力学性能进行了数值分析。网格结构中常用的螺栓球节点存在假拧紧问题,给工程的安全使用带来了隐患,为解决此问题,本文提出了一种螺栓球节点的改进形式,根据改进型螺栓球节点的构造特点,提出了改进型螺栓球节点的设计方法。
结合鄂尔多斯单双层网格结构旋转滑移施工的特点,提出了施工支撑架的设计方法和原则。为了解改进螺栓球节点的破坏机理,对其进行了材料的材性试验、套筒的抗压试验以及高强螺栓的抗拉试验,得到了改进型螺栓球节点的破坏模式,为改进型螺栓球节点设计方法的建立奠定了试验基础。
With the development of the economics, more and more large span space are needed. Therefore, a large number of large span structures, such as stadiums and gymnasiums, exhibition centers, train station, airport and large workshop and so on, were co nstructed. Except the traditional spatial truss and latticed shell, some new large span structures w ere ad opted i n s ome e ngineerings, s uch as b eam s tring structures, truss s tring structures, sus pen-dome structures, cabl e-supported b arrel vault structures, cable domes, vierendeel latticed shell and so on.
In o rder to overcome t he weak out-of-plane stability o f s ingle layer latticed shell and bad appearance of double-layer latticed shell, a new structure, single and double layer latticed shell structure, was adopted in the airport of EERDUOSI. In the second chapter, the static bahvior temperature effect and stability of the presented structure were analyzed based on the finite element analysis. Based on the analysis results, the pr esented structure has a good static behavior a nd s tability, a nd it is sensitive to the temperature load, especially to the temperature load considering the solar radiation.
A systematical research on the dynamic response under fluctuating wind and multiple seismic exciations were carried out using the transient dynamic theory. The displacement average wind vibration coefficient were obtained and the value is about 2.0. And the t ravlling wave influence co efficient is 0.43~3.76, 0.33~2.04 and 0.40~1.75 under V=300 m/s, 800 m/s and 1200 m/s respectively.
The Y-shaped supported structure was adopted in the airport of EERDUOSI. And the cast-steel joint including stiffening rib was used in between the latticed shell and the Y-shaped supported structures. The stress distribution of the cast-steel joint was analyzed using nonlinear finite element theory. Based on the analysis results, it is concluded that the caset-steel joint including stiffening rib has a good mechanical behavior.
The false t ightening phenomenon is a main pr oblem o f t he bolt-ball joint in engineering application. And this problem make the structure under danger. In order to overcome this problem,a new bolt-ball joint is presented in this paper. In addition, the design method for this new bolt-ball joint is also presented.
Considering the characteristic of the rotary sliding construction in the airport of EERDUOSI, some design method and principle were presented in this paper.
In order to understand the failure mechanism of the presented bolt-ball joint, the material testing, compressive test of sleeve and the tensile test of high strength bolt were carried out. And based on the test results, the failure modes of the presented bolt-ball joint were obtained, which can provide a important reference for its design method.
引文
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