摘要
阅读,作为英语学习的技能之一,长期以来一直被认为是英语水平必不可少的组成部分。最新修订的《大学英语课程要求》(2004)非常重视英语阅读,而阅读理解在大学英语四、六级考试中所占的比例达40%之多。除此之外,随着中国对外开放和社会经济的发展,越来越多的人开始重视英语学习。作为一种基本的认知手段,阅读是英语学习的重要途径。因此,如何成为高效的阅读者已成为包括非英语专业大学生在内许多人所关心的问题。
然而,现今中国落后的教学方法很难满足人们的需求。老师过分强调语法和语言点,对语篇当中词与词,句与句之间的关系没有给予足够的重视。因此,大多数学生缺乏根据上下文来猜测词意和句意并进而把握文章大意的能力。鉴于此现状,本文的主要目的就在于探索如何帮助中国非英语专业大学生克服阅读困难,提高他们课堂内外的阅读效率。
在对阅读模式和语篇分析进行回顾的基础上,本文阐释了语篇分析对二语阅读的重要性,认为语篇分析在阅读教学中的应用是实现阅读交互模式的最佳途径,同时也是解决学生阅读问题的最好办法。最后,本文从对培训实验的结果分析中得出结论:语篇分析运用于阅读不仅提高了学生对语篇分析的认识,而且大大提高了学生的阅读理解能力。
本文内容包括五章。第一章简要介绍了提高阅读能力的必要性,重要性及研究的目的,并就文章结构作了简单说明。第二章对阅读模式和语篇分析在国内外的研究现状进行了概要介绍,并就语篇分析中词汇衔接以及句子模式作了重点介绍与评述。阐述了语篇分析对阅读教学的重要意义。第三章详细描述了把语篇运用于阅读教学的实验设计与方法。第四章就研究结果进行了分析,并据此得出有关结论。第五章是本文的概括和总结,再一次强调了本研究的实验结果及其今后对阅读教学方法的影响。
Reading, as one of the skills in English learning, has long been regarded as an integral component of English proficiency. The newly revised College English Curriculum Requirements in 2004 has put premium to ESL reading, and reading comprehension accounts for as much as forty percent in CET-4 and CET-6. In addition, with China opening-up to the world and its social and economic development, more and more people begin to attach importance to English learning. Reading, as an indispensable cognitive activity, is the vital approach to English learning. Thus, how to make an effective reader has become the concern of many people including college non-English majors.
However, the out-of-date reading teaching method in China cannot meet their requirements. The teacher put too much emphasis on grammar and language points without paying adequate attention to the relations between words, sentences, and paragraphs. As a result, most students are lack of the ability of guessing the meaning of new words and sentences from the context and of thereby further getting the general idea of the passage. In view of the existing situation, exploring how to help Chinese students overcome their difficulties in English reading and improve their reading efficiency in classroom as well as outside the classroom has become an issue that this thesis aims to solve.
Based on the review of the past researches of reading models and discourse analysis, this thesis elaborates on the importance of discourse analysis (DA) to ESL reading, contending that applying discourse analysis in the teaching of reading is the best approach to achieving the interactive reading model and therefore the best solution to students' reading problems. Finally, a conclusion is drawn from analysis of the results of the training that discourse-based approach can raise the students' awareness of DA and at the same time improve the students' reading ability greatly.
This thesis is organized into five chapters. Chapter One deals with the necessity, significance, and the objective of the research as well as the structure of this thesis. Chapter Two presents the models of reading and discourse analysis in general, and lexical cohesion and clause patterns in particular, and elaborates the great relevance of discourse analysis to reading teaching. Chapter Three presents in great detail the design and methodology of the research on how to apply discourse analysis to the teaching of reading. Chapter Four concerns the analysis of the result of research and conclusions reached from it. Chapter Five is the summary of this thesis. It restates the major findings of the study and its implications for the future reading teaching methodology.
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