摘要
随着计算机科学的不断进步,现代信息化技术日新月异地发展,地理信息系统(GIS)在国民经济建设的各个领域中得到广泛应用。其中组件式GIS软件与功能更加强大的开发平台相结合的开发方式已成为当今软件技术的潮流之一。GIS以组件形式在通用的开发平台上供开发者使用,具有许多传统GIS软件无可比拟的优点,为传统GIS在应用中面临的很多问题提供了一种新的解决思路。土壤是一种重要资源,也是人类赖以生存和发展的最根本的物质基础。由于经济高速发展和土地的高强度利用,土壤环境问题日趋严重,已受到人们广泛地的关注。土壤环境质量信息系统(Soil Environment Quality Information System ,SEQIS)的建立,可为农业和环境管理部门对土地资源和土壤环境质量管理与决策提供技术支持。
本文将组件式GIS软件MapInfo\MapX与当前最流行的开发平台VB2005、数据库系统(DBMS)SQL Server2000有机地结合与集成,并使它们相辅相成,充分发挥各自的技术优点。通过需求分析、系统软硬件配置,进行系统结构框架的构建和属性数据库、空间数据的设计,创建系统属性数据库和空间数据库,实现数据管理功能、数据分析评价功能和图像数据操作功能。其目标是研究开发出山东省土壤环境质量信息系统软件(SEQIS)。
本文研究开发的山东省土壤环境质量信息系统(SEQIS)的主要特点如下:
1.系统以Office Chart图表工具,实现了Office图表数据和属性数据的结合,它不仅可以用Office图表把数据直观地表现,还可以用属性数据表述其它更加详尽的信息。
2.系统以GIS组件技术,实现了地理空间数据与属性数据的结合,对山东省土壤环境质量信息可进行全面、直观、迅速的可视化查询和特定信息检索,为用户快速、灵活、方便地获取信息提供了极为有效的途径。
3.系统用流行的关系型数据库系统(DBMS)SQL Server2000存储土壤属性数据,实现了属性数据和专题图的动态更新,能够反映出土壤环境质量的实时变化。
4.系统利用SQL Server2000提供的相关数学函数,实现了数学计算、统计分析、质量评价等功能。并且随着土壤质量评价标准体系的不断完善,可以在原有系统的基础上,稍作改动就可以适应新的评价标准体系,具有开放性好的优点。
土壤环境质量信息系统的建设需要长期、系统的数据积累和软硬件系统的完善与更新。系统专业模型的不断扩充和完善,系统模拟功能的不断增加和改进,土壤环境质量信息系统网络化等都将是今后发展的方向。
With the progress of computer science,modern information technology(IT) is rapidly developing. Geographical information system (GIS) is widely applied in various fields of national economy. The component GIS (ComGIS) combining with some comprehensive development platform with stronger functions has become the major trend of the contemporary software technology development. The component GIS combining with some comprehensive development platform has incomparable advantages comparing with traditional GIS software, and offers a new method for solving technical problems of traditional GIS software. Soil is very important for human beings survival and development. Because of the high-speed development of economy and the over-exploitation of land resource, the soil environmental problem is becoming increasingly serious and it catches more people's attention. The Soil Environment Quality Information System (SEQIS) can provide a technical support for the management and decision-making of soil environment quality and land use.
In this paper, component GIS software MapInfo\MapX combined well with the most popular development software VB.net and DBMS SQL Server2000 in order to bring about the their own advantage. The System Framework was designed and the Attribute Database and spatial database was constructed by the analysis of software requirement and the configuration of software and hardware. The functions of data management, data analysis and assessment and image data display can be available. The major objective of the present study is to develop information system software of soil environment quality in Shandong province (SEQIS).
The main characteristics of SEQIS in this paper were as follows:
1. The SEQIS based on the Office Chart had the characteristic of Office Chart and attribute data in the same system and the system not only could display visually the information about soil environment quality by graphical data but also could provide user more detail information about the target by attribute data.
2. The SEQIS based on the component GIS technology had the characteristic of geospatial data and attribute data and the system can conduct comprehensive visual inquiries for users and it also provides a very convenient effective way for users to obtain specific information.
3. The SEQIS uses the popular relational database system (DBMS) SQL Server2000 to store soil attribute data and it can implement dynamic update of the attribute data and thematic maps to reflect the soil environmental quality in real-time.
4. The SEQIS uses the relevant mathematical functions provided by SQL Server2000 to implement the functions such as the mathematical calculation, statistical analysis and quality evaluation etc. With constantly improve of the soil environment quality evaluation standards system, it has the advantages of open to adapt to the new system of evaluation criteria with minor changes on the basis of the existing system.
The construction of SEQIS needs the long-term accumulation of data and software and hardware update. It will become the development trend in the future that the professional model of SEQIS is continuously perfected, the function of SEQIS is continuously increase, and the SEQIS develops towards Network.
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