缝洞型储层地震响应及散射成像方法研究
摘要
随着全球油气需求量的提高，全球油气的勘探程度越来越广，对油气勘探技术的要求也越来越高。我国油气田勘探技术在国家发展的带动下飞速发展，不断发现缝洞型储层。缝洞型储层是指裂缝、孔洞、溶洞等类型的油气储层，这些裂缝和孔洞系统对致密岩层中的油气赋存和运移起重要作用，因此缝洞型储层的识别和描述在油气勘探中具有重要意义。缝洞型储层是一种油气产量十分可观的储层。常规的识别方法是在叠后地震剖面上识别具有‘串珠状’的短反射，但此方法在地下裂缝复杂的情况下并不能取得较理想的效果。为了识别出地下分布复杂的裂缝，文章分析了缝洞型储层的地震响应，提出了绕射波成像检测裂缝的新方法。并对模拟数据进行了计算。
论文主要包括以下几个部分：
第一章为绪论，主要介绍了缝洞型储层的研究意义以及缝洞型储层的国内外研究现状，阐述了论文研究思路及技术路线。
第二章分析了缝洞型储层的地震响应。研究缝洞型储层地震响应特征并进行缝洞型储层地震波场的数值模拟。通过研究缝洞型储层地震响应，详细分析了缝洞型储层产生‘串珠状’短反射的机理，模拟了多种缝洞型储层，进一步说明了缝洞型储层主要产生绕射波为主。
第三章简单介绍了缝洞型储层预测技术。包括地震属性参数提取技术、多波多分量地震技术、纵波裂缝检测技术、逆散射成像技术等。并介绍了角度域共成像点道集的优势以及提取方式，对其进行了速度敏感性分析，讨论了在其基础上进行绕射波分离的可能性。
第四章模拟了复杂裂缝组，提取了角度域共成像点道集，去除了反射波，并对余下的绕射波进行了成像，进而起到了识别裂缝组的目的。并运用散射波成像方法对缝洞型储层进行了识别，起到了一定的效果。
As the improvement of the global oil and gas demand,global oil and gasexp;oration is becoming more and more widely,the demands on oil and gasexploration technology is becoming higher and higner.Driving by the developmentof our country,our oil and gas exploration technology is developmenting rapidly,andfractured reservoirs are found constantly. Fractured reservoirs includecracks,holes,caves and other types of reservoirs,these cracks and holes play animportant role in the occurrence and transport in the rock of high densty,so theidentification and description of fractured reservoir is of great significance in the oiland gas exploration.Fracture is a type of reservoir with very considerable oil and gasproduction.The conventional method of finding fractured reservoirs is to identify theshot reflections with ‘beaded’ shape in the post-stack seismic profiles,but thismethod is not do well when fractures distribute complex underground. In order toidentify the fractures with complex distribution underground.This article analyzedthe seismic response of fractured reservoirs,and proposed diffracted imaging methodfor fracture detection.Also caculated the simulated datas.
This thesis includes the following sections:
The first chapter is the introduction,mainly described the research significanceand research status in the world of fractured reservoirs.
The second chapter analyzed the seismic response of fracturedreservoirs,researched the seismic response of fractured reservoirs and simulated theseismic wave field of fractured reservoirs.Through studying the seismic response offractured reservoirs,analysisd why the fractured reservoirs produce the shotreflections with ‘beaded’ shape detailly.And also simulated some kinds of fracturedreservoirs,illustrated that fractured reservoirs mainly generated diffracted waves.
The third chapter described the prediction method of fractured reservoirsbriefly.Including seismic attributes extraction technology,multi-wave seismic techniques,P-wave fracture detection technology,inverse scattering imagingtechnology and so on.Also introduct the advantages of ADCIGS and how to axtractthem,then analysis the velocity sensitity of ADCIGS,finally discussed the possibilityof separation of diffracted waves on the basis of ADCIGS.
The fouth chapter simulated the complex fracture group,extracted theADCIGS,remove the reflections and image the rest diffracted wave,then play a aimsto identify the fractures.Finally use the diffraction imaging methods to identify thefractured reservoirs,and make some good effects.
论文主要包括以下几个部分：
第一章为绪论，主要介绍了缝洞型储层的研究意义以及缝洞型储层的国内外研究现状，阐述了论文研究思路及技术路线。
第二章分析了缝洞型储层的地震响应。研究缝洞型储层地震响应特征并进行缝洞型储层地震波场的数值模拟。通过研究缝洞型储层地震响应，详细分析了缝洞型储层产生‘串珠状’短反射的机理，模拟了多种缝洞型储层，进一步说明了缝洞型储层主要产生绕射波为主。
第三章简单介绍了缝洞型储层预测技术。包括地震属性参数提取技术、多波多分量地震技术、纵波裂缝检测技术、逆散射成像技术等。并介绍了角度域共成像点道集的优势以及提取方式，对其进行了速度敏感性分析，讨论了在其基础上进行绕射波分离的可能性。
第四章模拟了复杂裂缝组，提取了角度域共成像点道集，去除了反射波，并对余下的绕射波进行了成像，进而起到了识别裂缝组的目的。并运用散射波成像方法对缝洞型储层进行了识别，起到了一定的效果。
As the improvement of the global oil and gas demand,global oil and gasexp;oration is becoming more and more widely,the demands on oil and gasexploration technology is becoming higher and higner.Driving by the developmentof our country,our oil and gas exploration technology is developmenting rapidly,andfractured reservoirs are found constantly. Fractured reservoirs includecracks,holes,caves and other types of reservoirs,these cracks and holes play animportant role in the occurrence and transport in the rock of high densty,so theidentification and description of fractured reservoir is of great significance in the oiland gas exploration.Fracture is a type of reservoir with very considerable oil and gasproduction.The conventional method of finding fractured reservoirs is to identify theshot reflections with ‘beaded’ shape in the post-stack seismic profiles,but thismethod is not do well when fractures distribute complex underground. In order toidentify the fractures with complex distribution underground.This article analyzedthe seismic response of fractured reservoirs,and proposed diffracted imaging methodfor fracture detection.Also caculated the simulated datas.
This thesis includes the following sections:
The first chapter is the introduction,mainly described the research significanceand research status in the world of fractured reservoirs.
The second chapter analyzed the seismic response of fracturedreservoirs,researched the seismic response of fractured reservoirs and simulated theseismic wave field of fractured reservoirs.Through studying the seismic response offractured reservoirs,analysisd why the fractured reservoirs produce the shotreflections with ‘beaded’ shape detailly.And also simulated some kinds of fracturedreservoirs,illustrated that fractured reservoirs mainly generated diffracted waves.
The third chapter described the prediction method of fractured reservoirsbriefly.Including seismic attributes extraction technology,multi-wave seismic techniques,P-wave fracture detection technology,inverse scattering imagingtechnology and so on.Also introduct the advantages of ADCIGS and how to axtractthem,then analysis the velocity sensitity of ADCIGS,finally discussed the possibilityof separation of diffracted waves on the basis of ADCIGS.
The fouth chapter simulated the complex fracture group,extracted theADCIGS,remove the reflections and image the rest diffracted wave,then play a aimsto identify the fractures.Finally use the diffraction imaging methods to identify thefractured reservoirs,and make some good effects.
引文
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