非煤地下矿山采空区安全评估
摘要
非煤地下矿山采空区安全评估是一项有着重要理论意义和应用价值的研究课题。本文以吉林省延吉市和龙长仁金矿采空区来分析如何进行采空区安全评估和如何对采空区进行处理,主要完成了以下几个方面的工作:
通过查阅大量文献资料,系统地总结了采空区安全的研究历史与现状,对其中的两类主要研究方法:唯象学研究方法和力学研究方法分别进行了详细总结和评述。之后对爆炸性物质、易燃性物质、危险性物质被定为重大危险源做了定性和定量的分析。尤其是矿山危险源有两个重要的方面,一方面采空区顶板大面积冒落,造成地表沉陷和开裂:另一方面在矿山开采过程中,采空区围岩受爆破震动等影响导致岩体裂隙发育,甚至贯通地表或连通老窿积水,发生突水事故。
本文围绕着长仁金矿采空区的安全评估这一主线对长仁矿的金矿情况作了一个简单的介绍之后又对采空区的安全进行了这些方面的工作,对长仁金矿采空区从岩石力学、流体力学、弹性力学方面做了稳定性分析,对采空区灾害发生概率作了定性定量的分析,对受灾体社会财富作了价值核算,对采空区其他的危害也进行了分析,进而对长仁金矿采空区做了安全评估。
论文最后对长仁金矿采空区在安全评估的基础上做了比较,根据矿山的基本情况,同时在安全经济的方面进行了优化,最终选择了上向进路充填法。这也是对采空区安全评估的一个重大应用,借助本文人们可以全面的而且深入的了解安全评估在采空区的研究和应用情况。
Non-coal mine safety In coaf is a important theoretical significance and application value of research topics.In this paper,Yanji City,Jilin Province and Helongchangren Gold goaf to analyze how goaf safety assessment and how to deal with goaf,mainly to complete the following tasks:
After referring to a large amount of literature materials,it summarizes the history and the present state of the research on the theory of the mining subsidence,expounds in detail about two main types of research methods:Statistic method,Mechanical study method,and also points out the disadvantages of them.After the explosive substances, flammable substances,dangerous substances classified as major hazard installations have done a qualitative and quantitative analysis.In particular,mine hazards,there are two important aspects,on the one hand goaf roof caving large area,resulting in surface subsidence and cracking;on the other hand,in the mining process,the mined-out area, such as rock by blasting vibration caused by rock body fracture,and even surface,or connected through the old water hole,water inrush incidents occurred.
This article revolves around gold Changren goaf the main line of the safety assessment of long-jen mine made a payment in this case after a brief introduction on the safety of goaf conducted its work in these areas,the long gold-jen goaf rock mechanics,fluid mechanics,elasticity stability analysis done on goaf probability disasters were qualitative and quantitative analysis of the affected body made the value of wealth accounting for goaf other hazards also analyzed,and the long gold-jen goaf done a safety assessment.
Finally the long-jen goaf gold in the security assessment made based on the comparison,according to the basic situation of the mine,while in the security aspects of the economy has been optimized,and ultimately chose to approach filling method.It is also a safety assessment goaf a major application,with this article can be a comprehensive and deeper understanding of the safety assessment of mined-out area in the research and application.
通过查阅大量文献资料,系统地总结了采空区安全的研究历史与现状,对其中的两类主要研究方法:唯象学研究方法和力学研究方法分别进行了详细总结和评述。之后对爆炸性物质、易燃性物质、危险性物质被定为重大危险源做了定性和定量的分析。尤其是矿山危险源有两个重要的方面,一方面采空区顶板大面积冒落,造成地表沉陷和开裂:另一方面在矿山开采过程中,采空区围岩受爆破震动等影响导致岩体裂隙发育,甚至贯通地表或连通老窿积水,发生突水事故。
本文围绕着长仁金矿采空区的安全评估这一主线对长仁矿的金矿情况作了一个简单的介绍之后又对采空区的安全进行了这些方面的工作,对长仁金矿采空区从岩石力学、流体力学、弹性力学方面做了稳定性分析,对采空区灾害发生概率作了定性定量的分析,对受灾体社会财富作了价值核算,对采空区其他的危害也进行了分析,进而对长仁金矿采空区做了安全评估。
论文最后对长仁金矿采空区在安全评估的基础上做了比较,根据矿山的基本情况,同时在安全经济的方面进行了优化,最终选择了上向进路充填法。这也是对采空区安全评估的一个重大应用,借助本文人们可以全面的而且深入的了解安全评估在采空区的研究和应用情况。
Non-coal mine safety In coaf is a important theoretical significance and application value of research topics.In this paper,Yanji City,Jilin Province and Helongchangren Gold goaf to analyze how goaf safety assessment and how to deal with goaf,mainly to complete the following tasks:
After referring to a large amount of literature materials,it summarizes the history and the present state of the research on the theory of the mining subsidence,expounds in detail about two main types of research methods:Statistic method,Mechanical study method,and also points out the disadvantages of them.After the explosive substances, flammable substances,dangerous substances classified as major hazard installations have done a qualitative and quantitative analysis.In particular,mine hazards,there are two important aspects,on the one hand goaf roof caving large area,resulting in surface subsidence and cracking;on the other hand,in the mining process,the mined-out area, such as rock by blasting vibration caused by rock body fracture,and even surface,or connected through the old water hole,water inrush incidents occurred.
This article revolves around gold Changren goaf the main line of the safety assessment of long-jen mine made a payment in this case after a brief introduction on the safety of goaf conducted its work in these areas,the long gold-jen goaf rock mechanics,fluid mechanics,elasticity stability analysis done on goaf probability disasters were qualitative and quantitative analysis of the affected body made the value of wealth accounting for goaf other hazards also analyzed,and the long gold-jen goaf done a safety assessment.
Finally the long-jen goaf gold in the security assessment made based on the comparison,according to the basic situation of the mine,while in the security aspects of the economy has been optimized,and ultimately chose to approach filling method.It is also a safety assessment goaf a major application,with this article can be a comprehensive and deeper understanding of the safety assessment of mined-out area in the research and application.
引文
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[2]傅文学,矿井开采沉陷影响土地利用系统的GIS分析方法[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2004
[3]童立元等.高速公路下伏采空区问题国内外研究现状及进展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,4(4)
[4]刘红元.采动影响下覆岩破坏过程的虚拟研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2000(6)
[5]刘宝琛、廖国华,煤矿地表移动的基本规律[M].北京:中国工业出版社,1965
[6]何国清、杨伦等编,矿山开采沉陷学[D].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1991
[7]王建学.开采沉陷塑性损伤结构理论与冒矸空隙注浆充填技术的研究[D].煤炭科学研究总院,2001(7)
[8]姜岩,田茂义,矿山开采地表下沉与变形预计新方法[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2003.3
[9]时成忠.MapInfo支持下的开采沉陷损害评价方法与系统[D].沈阳:东北大学.2003
[10]郭广礼.老采空区上方建筑地基变形机理及其控制[M].徐州中国矿业大学出版社,2001
[11]戴华阳,地表移动预计的新设想采空区矢量法[J].矿山测量,1995,4
[12]傅鹤林,用模糊数学方法综合评价采场稳定性[J].有色矿山,1994,1
[13]纪万斌等,塌陷与灾害[M].地震出版社,1998
[14]刘文涛.采场覆岩移动流变模型及开采沉陷预计研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2004
[15]纪万斌等,塌陷与建筑[M].地震出版社,1998
[16]贾喜荣.矿山岩层力学[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1997
[17]何满潮,矿山开采中的岩土工程技术新进展[M].人民交通出版社,2003
[18]高谦,乔兰等,地下工程系统分析与设计[M]..中国建材工业出版社.北京:2005,2
[19]赵静波,高谦,李莉.地下采空区岩层移动预测理论分析与研究[M].矿冶工程,2004,3
[20]尹士献,厚黄土覆盖层村镇下条带开采研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2004
[21]颜荣贵,地基开采沉陷及其地表建筑[M].冶金工业出版社.北京:1995
[22]纪万斌等,塌陷与治理[M].地震出版社,1998
[23]中国矿业学院等,煤矿岩层与地表移动[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1981(2)
[24]徐永圻.煤矿开采学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1999(8)
[25]于广明,矿山开采沉陷非线性理论与实践导引[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1998
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[29]ANSYS,Inc.ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.ANSYS 8.0 HTML Online Documentation,2004
[30]ANSYS,Inc.ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.ANSYS 8.0 HTML Online Documentation,2004
[31][31]U K No.1902.The Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards Regulations.1984
[32]邱贤德,黄木坤.数值计算在采空区稳定性评价中的应用[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2002(4)
[33]Health and Safety Executive.A Guide to the Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards Regulation.London,1984
[34]International Labour Office.Major Hazard Control-A Practical Manual.Geneva,1988
[35郑学敏.特大采空区下矿柱回采的安全性评价[J].矿冶研究与丌发,2002,12(6)