摘要
套管损坏已经成为石油工程关注的热点问题之一,逐年上升的套损速度严重影响了油田的生产。为避免钻更新井的高投入,工程上一股采用修复方法使套损井重新恢复生产,因此,套损井的修复也已成为油田工程的重要任务之一。为避免由于修复工艺过程而造成的修复井窜槽、套管损伤等现象发生,保证套损修复井能正常、长期工作,开展套损井修复过程中修复力的确定和水泥环损伤机理的研究,对提高修井质量和提高套损井修复后再使用寿命具有重要的理论意义和工程意义。
套损井修复过程中的修复力的确定及水泥环损伤是一个涉及弹塑性力学、地质力学、材料力学和材料强度理论等多门学科和领域的复杂问题。现场的测试资料及统计数据表明,修复后的部分套损井在较短时间内又出现了再损坏问题,究其原因,一是水泥环的长段损坏,二是套管的过度损伤所至。套损井修复过程是套管发生塑性变形且重新复位的过程,在套损部位及其附近的套管发生了复杂的弹性和塑性变形,为减小修井工具对套管及水泥环的损伤,工程实际迫切需要从理论上指导修井的工艺过程。围绕这一问题,针对油田常用的碾压整形工艺过程,本文开展了以下几方面的工作:
1.通过分析调研,认识到套损井修复过程与套管的损坏形式有密切关系,因此全面分析了套管的损坏形式、检测技术及其对修井工艺过程的影响。
2.根据碾压整形工艺特点,利用Hertz弹性接触理论求解套管的接触应力,并提出了确定最小钻压的基本理论。
3.依据塑性极限分析方法的滑移线场理论,构造套损区和非套损区的应力场,计算各处应力大小及水泥环损伤长度。
4.建立以套管为纤维,以水泥环和地层为复合材料基体的纤维一基体模型,分析水泥环损伤机理,为提高修井质量提供理论指导。
5.合理钻压、合理结构的整形工具对减小套损井修复过程的再损伤非常重要,而提高水泥浆的性能是减小水泥环损伤的关键技术措施。
由于套损井修复后的再损坏会造成巨大的经济损失,因此,本论文的研究为提高修井质量,提高修复井利用率提供了重要的理论依据。
Casing damage hasbecame the hot one of problems that petromleum engineering pay attention to. year by year the rise of caing damage speed affects the production of the oil-field seriously. For saving the high expenses of drilling the renewal well, the repair for the casing damage well have became one of the important mission of the oil-field engineerings.For avoiding the repaired well channeling caingdamage for repairing craft taking place, guaranteeing the casing damage welll repaired can canwork noemal and longevous, developing the cement loop damage mechanism in the caing damage repairing process and studying the structure of casing damage area , to increase to fix the well quantity, have the important theories meaning and the engineering meaning.
Conforming the repainging force and the cement loop damage in the repairing progress is a complicated problem for the mechanics of elastic and plastic geology mechanics repairing material mechanics and material strength theory etc. several courses and realm, the test datas and covariance datas of the field and Stat express:pats of caing damage well repaired appears damage again in a short time, investigating its reason, one is cement loop for a long-term damage, two is excess damage of caing pipe. The repairing process of casing damage well is the process of casing taking place character distortion and afresh replacement.while the complicated elasticity and character distortion taking place at casing damage part and neighboring casing,To minishing the damage from repairing man's damnification to casing and cement loop It is must to direction the technics process of repairing well in the theory, surrounding this problem,aim at the grind press and plastic technics process which oil field often use.The text develop the following work:
l.By analyzing and studying,take cognizance of the repairing process of casting damage well having connection with the form of casing damage,So We entirely analyse that the shape of casing pipe checking technology and the infection to repairing well technics process.
2.According to grind press plastic skill characteristic, using Hertz elasticity contiguity theory to solude contiguity stress of casing pipe and put forward the basic theories to certain the least drilling press.
3. according to the theories of Slip to move the line in the plastic extreme limit analysis method, structure the stress field of casing damage area and casing undamage area, to compute to the stressand the length of cement loop damage.
4. Establish the integral fiber model that is casing pipe as fiber and is cement loop and stratum as complex base body. Theoretical instruction is provided for the elevating quality of repairing the well by analyzing the mechanism of cement loop' damnification.
5. It is very important that the decrease of repairing the casing damage well process by using of the shaping tools of reasonable strcucture and reasonable drilling stress. At the same time, it is the key technical measure for decreasing the damnification of cement sloop by elevating the cement slurry capability.
According to the redamage of the casing damage well repaired lead to enormous economic loss, therefore, the text provides important theoretical basis for elevating the quality of repairing well and the utilization rate of renovation well.
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