桥梁加固与改造技术的研究与应用
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摘要
旧桥加固与改造技术一直是国际、国内不断研究和探讨的问题。随着新材料、新技术的发展,植筋技术和粘贴碳纤维技术成为一种新型结构加固方法。
本文针对大型钢筋混凝土构件在截面尺寸受限的情况下,通过采用对梁侧面粘贴碳纤维进行抗弯、抗剪加固补强的理论和方法进行研究,提出了粘贴碳纤维加固钢筋混凝土梁受弯、受剪承载力理论计算公式,通过室内模拟试验研究,比较分析各种粘贴方式下的加固效果,并与理论计算结果相比较,总结出结构加固前后混凝土、钢筋、碳纤维的应力—应变情况和承载力提高程度,最终提出符合实际工程需要的粘贴碳纤维加固抗弯、抗剪设计计算方法。
在基于上述设计计算理论和方法的基础上,本论文立足呼和浩特市机场路如意大桥加固工程,并结合乌海市乌尔特沟大桥、鄂尔多斯市布日都大桥等加固实例,运用符合实践简单实用的计算方法,对桥梁的板(梁)、盖梁等结构分别实施植筋和粘贴碳纤维进行抗弯、抗剪加固设计,并对加固前、后桥梁结构实施静载检测,测试结构的静应变、静位移以及裂缝等,从而评定桥梁结构总体加固效果,为今后中小跨径桥梁结构的加固改造提供可供遵循的理论依据和设计方法,同时对加固过程中的施工工艺及施工技术要求做出明确规定,形成了一套较为完善的桥梁加固改造设计施工体系。
随着人们对植筋技术和粘贴碳纤维加固性能的深入研究和逐步认识,碳纤维加固技术及植筋技术在桥梁结构加固领域必将得到更加广泛的开发和应用。
The reinforcement and reconstruction technology of existing bridges is always a problem researched and discussed both internationally and domestically.With the development of the new material and technology,embedding steel bar in the cement and paste carbon fiber technique have become new reinforcement methods for structures.
The article aims at large scale reinforced concrete construction members whose sectional dimensions are limited.Through researching the theory and method of pasting carbon fiber on the sides of beam to reinforcing its bend and shear strength,the theoretical calculating formula of bend and shear bearing capacity by pasting carbon fiber to strengthen reinforced concrete beams is put forward.By means of researching analog test in lab,analyzing reinforcing effects under many kinds of paste model and comparing with theoretical calculating results,the stress-strain condition of concrete,steel bar and carbon fiber,and the improvement degree of bearing capacity of structure before and after reinforcement are summarized.Finally the bend resistance and shear design method of pasting carbon fiber to reinforce bridge are put forward,and tally with actual project requirement.
On the basis of above design theory and method,this article is established in Reinforcement Project of Ruyi Large Bridge of Huhhot Airport Road and combines reinforcement examples,Such as Wuertegou Large Bridge in Wuhai City,Buridu Large Bridge in Erdos City and so on.By using simple and applied method which conforms to reality,the slab(girder) and bent cap of bridge are embedded steel bar and pasted carbon fiber respectively to carry out bend resistance and shear reinforcement design.Dead load examinations before and after reinforcement are implemented,and static strain,static displacement and crack of structure are tested,thus the whole reinforcement effect of bridge structure will be assessed to provide theoretic basis and design method that can be abided by for the reinforcement and reconstruction of small and medium scale bridge. Meanwhile,construction technology and technical requirement during reinforcement are definitely prescribed,and a perfected system of design and construction for bridge reinforcement and reconstruction are formed.
With the reinforcement property of embedding steel bar and paste carbon fiber having been further researched and known step by step,they will certainly be developed and applied widely in bridge reinforcement area.
本文针对大型钢筋混凝土构件在截面尺寸受限的情况下,通过采用对梁侧面粘贴碳纤维进行抗弯、抗剪加固补强的理论和方法进行研究,提出了粘贴碳纤维加固钢筋混凝土梁受弯、受剪承载力理论计算公式,通过室内模拟试验研究,比较分析各种粘贴方式下的加固效果,并与理论计算结果相比较,总结出结构加固前后混凝土、钢筋、碳纤维的应力—应变情况和承载力提高程度,最终提出符合实际工程需要的粘贴碳纤维加固抗弯、抗剪设计计算方法。
在基于上述设计计算理论和方法的基础上,本论文立足呼和浩特市机场路如意大桥加固工程,并结合乌海市乌尔特沟大桥、鄂尔多斯市布日都大桥等加固实例,运用符合实践简单实用的计算方法,对桥梁的板(梁)、盖梁等结构分别实施植筋和粘贴碳纤维进行抗弯、抗剪加固设计,并对加固前、后桥梁结构实施静载检测,测试结构的静应变、静位移以及裂缝等,从而评定桥梁结构总体加固效果,为今后中小跨径桥梁结构的加固改造提供可供遵循的理论依据和设计方法,同时对加固过程中的施工工艺及施工技术要求做出明确规定,形成了一套较为完善的桥梁加固改造设计施工体系。
随着人们对植筋技术和粘贴碳纤维加固性能的深入研究和逐步认识,碳纤维加固技术及植筋技术在桥梁结构加固领域必将得到更加广泛的开发和应用。
The reinforcement and reconstruction technology of existing bridges is always a problem researched and discussed both internationally and domestically.With the development of the new material and technology,embedding steel bar in the cement and paste carbon fiber technique have become new reinforcement methods for structures.
The article aims at large scale reinforced concrete construction members whose sectional dimensions are limited.Through researching the theory and method of pasting carbon fiber on the sides of beam to reinforcing its bend and shear strength,the theoretical calculating formula of bend and shear bearing capacity by pasting carbon fiber to strengthen reinforced concrete beams is put forward.By means of researching analog test in lab,analyzing reinforcing effects under many kinds of paste model and comparing with theoretical calculating results,the stress-strain condition of concrete,steel bar and carbon fiber,and the improvement degree of bearing capacity of structure before and after reinforcement are summarized.Finally the bend resistance and shear design method of pasting carbon fiber to reinforce bridge are put forward,and tally with actual project requirement.
On the basis of above design theory and method,this article is established in Reinforcement Project of Ruyi Large Bridge of Huhhot Airport Road and combines reinforcement examples,Such as Wuertegou Large Bridge in Wuhai City,Buridu Large Bridge in Erdos City and so on.By using simple and applied method which conforms to reality,the slab(girder) and bent cap of bridge are embedded steel bar and pasted carbon fiber respectively to carry out bend resistance and shear reinforcement design.Dead load examinations before and after reinforcement are implemented,and static strain,static displacement and crack of structure are tested,thus the whole reinforcement effect of bridge structure will be assessed to provide theoretic basis and design method that can be abided by for the reinforcement and reconstruction of small and medium scale bridge. Meanwhile,construction technology and technical requirement during reinforcement are definitely prescribed,and a perfected system of design and construction for bridge reinforcement and reconstruction are formed.
With the reinforcement property of embedding steel bar and paste carbon fiber having been further researched and known step by step,they will certainly be developed and applied widely in bridge reinforcement area.
引文
[1]赵彤,谢剑.碳纤维布补强加固混凝土结构新技术.天津大学出版社.2000.10
[2]陈家祥.混凝土结构补强技术的新发展-碳纤维补强技术.北京特希达公司网站.2001
[3]包头市公路规划勘测设计院.呼和浩特机场高速公路(一期工程)两阶段施工图设计文件,2002
[4]内蒙古工业大学结构新技术设计应用研究所.乌尔特沟桥静载试验检测报告,2004
[5]内蒙古公路工程处.内蒙古公路桥涵通用设计图(蒙Q-02),1974.7
[6]徐洪平.碳纤维布加固混凝土结构的原理与施工技术探讨.建筑技术开发.2002.3
[7]张继文,岳丽婕,吕志涛,顾明亮.混凝土梁侧面粘贴CFRP布的结构加固性能的试验研究[J].东南大学学报.2002.5
[8]王文炜,叶见曙,赵国藩.玻璃纤维布加固的钢筋混凝土梁端部锚固试验研究[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版).2004.9
[9]混凝土结构设计规范(GB50010-2002).[S].中国建筑工业出版社.2002
[10]碳纤维片材加固混凝土结构技术标准(CECS 146:2003).[S].中国计划出版社.2003
[11]叶列平,崔卫,岳清瑞,胡孔国.碳纤维加固混凝土构件正截面受弯承载力分析[J].建筑结构.2001.3
[12]吴刚,吕志涛.外贴CFRP加固混凝土结构的抗弯设计方法[J].建筑结构.2000.7
[13]王荣国,戴成雷,赵景海,张晓晶.CFRP加固混凝土梁式结构早期破坏理论的研究[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报.2002.6
[14]纤维增强复合材料加固混凝土结构技术规程(DG/TJ08-012-2002、J10158-2002)[S].上海市工程建设规范.2002
[15]胡智慧,杨道江.公路桥梁工程建设与危旧桥测试改造拆除加固维修技术及典型案例分析实务全书[M].光明日报出版社.2001
[16]邵容光.结构设计原理[M].人民交通出版社.1987.6
[17]朱剑俊,欧新新,刘勇.碳纤维加固钢筋混凝土梁受弯构件的应变滞后分析[J].特种结构.2003.3
[18]高本立.碳纤维片材加固混凝土构件正截面受弯承载力设计[J].建筑结构.2002.10
[19]李慧峰等.碳纤维加固桥梁应用研究[J].公路,2003.2
[20]交通部科学技术情报研究所.旧桥检测、评价、加固技术的应用[R].1990.5
[21]王国鼎,袁海庆,陈开利.桥梁检测与加固[M].人民交通出版社.2003
[22]刘来君,赵小星.桥梁加固设计与施工技术[M].人民交通出版社.2003
[23]郝震,曹双寅,霍瑞兴,方志保.外贴CFRP加固梁斜截面受力性能的分析和计算[J].工业建筑.2004.2
[24]吴刚,安琳,吕志涛.碳纤维布用于钢筋混凝土梁抗剪加固的试验研究[J].建筑结构.2000.7
[25]曹双寅,潘建伍,邱洪兴.外贴纤维加固梁抗剪承载力计算方法分析[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版).2002.9
[26]乔志琴.碳纤维布在加固混凝土工程中的应用[J].内蒙古公路与运输.2002.4
[27]张文勇等.碳纤维加固混凝土工程的性能评价[J].建筑施工.2001.5
[28]by Kasumassa Nakaba,Toshiyuki Kanakubo,Tomoki Furuta,andHiroyuki Yoshizawa.Bond Behavior between Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Laminates and Concrete.ACI Structural Journal/May-June 2001
[29]by Mohsen Shahawy,Omar Chaallal,Thomas E.Beitelman,and Adnan El-Saad.Flexural Strengthening with Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites of Preloaded Full-Scale Girders.ACI Structural Journal/September-Octerber 2001
[30]by Mahmoud T.El-Mihilmy and Joseph W.Tedesco.Prediction of Anchorage for Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Plates.ACI Structural Journal/May-June 2001
[31]相关标准及规范(1)原交通部部标准《公路工程技术标准》JTJ001-97(2)原交通部部标准《公路桥涵设计通用规范》JTJ021-89(3)原交通部部标准《公路砖石及混凝土桥涵设计规范》JTJ022-85(4)原交通部部标准《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》JTJ023-85(5)原交通部部标准《公路工程抗震设计规范》JTJ004-89(6)原交通部部标准《公路桥涵地基与基础设计规范》JTJ024-85(7)中国工程建设标准化协会标准《碳纤维片材加固混凝土结构技术标准》(CECS 146:2003)(8)建设部建筑物鉴定与加固规范管理委员会《粘贴碳纤维增强复合材料加固混凝土工程施工与验收暂行规定》(修订本)2002年(9)中国工程建设标准化协会标准《混凝土结构加固技术规范》(CECS 25:90)1990年
[2]陈家祥.混凝土结构补强技术的新发展-碳纤维补强技术.北京特希达公司网站.2001
[3]包头市公路规划勘测设计院.呼和浩特机场高速公路(一期工程)两阶段施工图设计文件,2002
[4]内蒙古工业大学结构新技术设计应用研究所.乌尔特沟桥静载试验检测报告,2004
[5]内蒙古公路工程处.内蒙古公路桥涵通用设计图(蒙Q-02),1974.7
[6]徐洪平.碳纤维布加固混凝土结构的原理与施工技术探讨.建筑技术开发.2002.3
[7]张继文,岳丽婕,吕志涛,顾明亮.混凝土梁侧面粘贴CFRP布的结构加固性能的试验研究[J].东南大学学报.2002.5
[8]王文炜,叶见曙,赵国藩.玻璃纤维布加固的钢筋混凝土梁端部锚固试验研究[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版).2004.9
[9]混凝土结构设计规范(GB50010-2002).[S].中国建筑工业出版社.2002
[10]碳纤维片材加固混凝土结构技术标准(CECS 146:2003).[S].中国计划出版社.2003
[11]叶列平,崔卫,岳清瑞,胡孔国.碳纤维加固混凝土构件正截面受弯承载力分析[J].建筑结构.2001.3
[12]吴刚,吕志涛.外贴CFRP加固混凝土结构的抗弯设计方法[J].建筑结构.2000.7
[13]王荣国,戴成雷,赵景海,张晓晶.CFRP加固混凝土梁式结构早期破坏理论的研究[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报.2002.6
[14]纤维增强复合材料加固混凝土结构技术规程(DG/TJ08-012-2002、J10158-2002)[S].上海市工程建设规范.2002
[15]胡智慧,杨道江.公路桥梁工程建设与危旧桥测试改造拆除加固维修技术及典型案例分析实务全书[M].光明日报出版社.2001
[16]邵容光.结构设计原理[M].人民交通出版社.1987.6
[17]朱剑俊,欧新新,刘勇.碳纤维加固钢筋混凝土梁受弯构件的应变滞后分析[J].特种结构.2003.3
[18]高本立.碳纤维片材加固混凝土构件正截面受弯承载力设计[J].建筑结构.2002.10
[19]李慧峰等.碳纤维加固桥梁应用研究[J].公路,2003.2
[20]交通部科学技术情报研究所.旧桥检测、评价、加固技术的应用[R].1990.5
[21]王国鼎,袁海庆,陈开利.桥梁检测与加固[M].人民交通出版社.2003
[22]刘来君,赵小星.桥梁加固设计与施工技术[M].人民交通出版社.2003
[23]郝震,曹双寅,霍瑞兴,方志保.外贴CFRP加固梁斜截面受力性能的分析和计算[J].工业建筑.2004.2
[24]吴刚,安琳,吕志涛.碳纤维布用于钢筋混凝土梁抗剪加固的试验研究[J].建筑结构.2000.7
[25]曹双寅,潘建伍,邱洪兴.外贴纤维加固梁抗剪承载力计算方法分析[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版).2002.9
[26]乔志琴.碳纤维布在加固混凝土工程中的应用[J].内蒙古公路与运输.2002.4
[27]张文勇等.碳纤维加固混凝土工程的性能评价[J].建筑施工.2001.5
[28]by Kasumassa Nakaba,Toshiyuki Kanakubo,Tomoki Furuta,andHiroyuki Yoshizawa.Bond Behavior between Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Laminates and Concrete.ACI Structural Journal/May-June 2001
[29]by Mohsen Shahawy,Omar Chaallal,Thomas E.Beitelman,and Adnan El-Saad.Flexural Strengthening with Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites of Preloaded Full-Scale Girders.ACI Structural Journal/September-Octerber 2001
[30]by Mahmoud T.El-Mihilmy and Joseph W.Tedesco.Prediction of Anchorage for Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Plates.ACI Structural Journal/May-June 2001
[31]相关标准及规范(1)原交通部部标准《公路工程技术标准》JTJ001-97(2)原交通部部标准《公路桥涵设计通用规范》JTJ021-89(3)原交通部部标准《公路砖石及混凝土桥涵设计规范》JTJ022-85(4)原交通部部标准《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》JTJ023-85(5)原交通部部标准《公路工程抗震设计规范》JTJ004-89(6)原交通部部标准《公路桥涵地基与基础设计规范》JTJ024-85(7)中国工程建设标准化协会标准《碳纤维片材加固混凝土结构技术标准》(CECS 146:2003)(8)建设部建筑物鉴定与加固规范管理委员会《粘贴碳纤维增强复合材料加固混凝土工程施工与验收暂行规定》(修订本)2002年(9)中国工程建设标准化协会标准《混凝土结构加固技术规范》(CECS 25:90)1990年