基于安全与效率的武汉市水产品供应链结构优化研究
|
摘要
改革开放以来,在一系列有利于水产业发展的政策引导、科技支撑、市场推动及各种要素的积极参与下,武汉市按照“区域化布局、标准化生产、规模化推进、市场化运作、产业化经营”的要求,全面发展“优质、高产、高效、生态、安全”的水产业,使其水产业保持着持续、稳定、健康发展的好势头,并且随着武汉市经济持续快速而健康地发展,未来水产业将在武汉市的农业经济发展中占据越来越重要的位置。但是,因武汉市水产品供应链在生产、加工、流通等各个环节还存在一些问题,导致武汉市面临着水产品供应链效率低下和一定的质量安全问题,这阻碍着武汉市水产业进一步做强做大。在党中央提出必须把加快转变经济发展方式贯穿于经济社会发展全过程和各领域,在发展中促转变,在转变中谋发展,实现经济社会又好又快发展的背景下,武汉市如何在资源与环境刚性约束日益突出的条件下进一步巩固全国第一淡水产品生产大市的地位、解决好“大”而不“强”的问题,如何在经济全球化日益深化的大背景下推进水产业又好又快发展、实现由“大”变“强”的跨越式发展,更新发展理念、转变发展方式,成为当前我们的必然选择和紧迫任务,本研究正是在此背景下,从安全与效率并重的角度,对武汉市水产品供应链结构优化进行研究将具有非常重要的现实意义,一方面将有助于武汉市水产品供应链整体运营效率的提高和水产品质量安全状况的改善,另一方面将为相关决策部门制定促进武汉市水产业由“大”变“强”的相关政策提供一定的依据,从而为武汉市水产业引入供应链管理提供实证支持。
本文在对已有研究成果进行梳理,并借鉴供应链结构领域已有的研究成果的基础上,结合物流、供应链的前沿理论,通过比较分析法、层次分析法、博弈分析法等方法,在对武汉市水产业生产与流通的发展现状进行考察的基础上,首先从整体上对武汉市水产品供应链结构的现状、模式及问题进行了描述,以对武汉市水产品供应链结构的整体发展有一个比较清晰的定位。然后通过对武汉市水产品供应链中所涉及的水产品养殖、加工、销售的大型龙头企业进行实地考察,并对影响水产品安全和水产品供应链效率的因素进行量化分析,研究有利于武汉市水产品供应链结构优化的良好互动的机理。同时运用豪泰林模型从水产品供应链终端入手,从注重安全因素和不注重安全因素两个方面对超市、农贸市场和消费者三个经济主体进行博弈分析,并引出在水产品供应链中最优的监管者应该是政府。最后在提出优化武汉市水产品供应链结构优化的基本思路的基础上,进一步提出优化武汉市水产品供应链结构的主要措施。相关研究的主要结论如下：
1.武汉市水产品供应链结构现状。调查表明,武汉市现行的水产品供应链结构模式主要有以批发市场为中心的水产品供应链、以加工企业为中心的水产品供应链和以连锁超市为中心的水产品供应链三种类型的结构模式,其中以批发市场为中心的水产品供应链结构模式是目前武汉市水产品供应链中最为主要的结构模式,但却是一条断裂的链条。而以农业协会或合作社为依托和以第三方物流企业为依托的供应链结构模式仍然不成熟,还不是当前甚至未来武汉市主流的水产品供应链结构模式。因此,在当前及未来一段时间内,在以批发市场为中心的水产品供应链结构模式中,武汉市应大力发展养殖合作社,即首先由养殖户成立养殖合作社,负责技术和管理上的交流和协调,养殖户只用养殖出高品质的水产品,由专业市场提供交易和储存场所(比如建立一个水产品活体恒温贮藏基地),最终通过品牌化、标准化、产业化运作吸引采购商直接到生产地采购水产品,从而减少了中间环节,增加了养殖户效益。因此,养殖合作组织在当前及未来一段时间内应逐渐成为武汉市大力发展的一种主要组织形式。
2.武汉市水产品供应链体系发展模式。目前武汉市的水产品供应链体系存在两种发展模式,一种是以超市为终端的水产品供应链体系发展模式,另一种是以农贸市场为终端的水产品供应链体系发展模式。由于武汉市居民的消费者偏好、收入、文化程度等的不同,使不同的消费者的市场需求存在一定的差异性,这使得当前这两种发展模式互相依存,互为补充,并在未来较长的时间内长期共存,在某种程度上,当前两个特征差异较为明显的水产品供应链的存在应是市场选择的结果。虽然当前农贸市场仍然是武汉市水产品流通主渠道,但是,伴随着武汉市居民收入水平的提高,消费态度的改变以及武汉市连锁超市经营理念和管理思路等的变化,武汉市水产品供应链的未来发展模式也会同发达国家一样向着效率更高和质量更加安全的以连锁超市为终端的水产品供应链体系方向发展。
3.影响武汉市水产品供应链质量与安全的因素。通过对武汉市水产品供应链中处不同环节上经济主体的调查,并获取相关数据,再运用层次分析法进行计量分析后,发现“水产品安全认知”和“水产品质量安全对水产品供应链的影响”对武汉市水产品安全有非常大的影响。进一步研究发现,水产品安全认知的影响则更为重要,其在某种意义上更具指导性,他也是水产品供应链内各经济主体不断自我完善的外在力量,而供应链内各经济主体对水产品安全的合作对有助于提高武汉市水产品供应链的竞争力。
4.水产品供应链主体基于产品质量安全的博弈。分析表明：如武汉市水产品消费者自身不提高安全认知,整个水产品生产经营者为追求利润的最大化,一般不会主动而自觉的增加水产品的安全投入。而通过建立一种供应链内部的协调或内部的监督机制也无法促进各经济主体间就水产品安全问题进行合作,这主要是因为水产品安全具有“公共产品”的特征。因此,对水产品安全监督应当通过政府的相关职能部门来进行,尤其是需要政府逐步完善政策法规,加大水产品安全的监管力度和执法力度,其中,对其进行监管的重点应该在源头,即要能够追根溯源,因为只有源头是安全的,才能在一定程度上保证进入供应链内的水产品是安全的,同时需要注意的是对水产品的流通、销售等环节应进行“关键点”控制,只有这样才能使消费者吃到质量安全的水产品。
5.影响武汉市水产品供应链组织效率的因素。
通过对武汉市水产品供应链组织效率的影响因素分析,发现合作效率是诸多影响因素中最为重要的因素。而合作效率主要受合作能力和合作意向影响,因此,要提高武汉市水产品供应链的组织效率即要强化合作意向,又要提高合作能力,要做到这一点,最为重要的就是应当通过构建水产品供应链纵向联盟,建立强有力的信用机制,使各经济主体共担风险,以达到有效降低不可控因素所导致的损失；同时,还要求处在水产品供应链上的各个不同环节的主体有实现共同目标的愿望和实现该目标的合作机制。另外,由于合作能力和合作意向也影响着企业合作条件和合作的不可控性。其中合作能力是影响企业合作条件的主要因素,而合作意向是影响合作不可控性的主要因素,因此,一方面,应大幅度提高企业的合作能力促进水产品供应链上下游企业间的合作；另一方面,还需要武汉市水产品供应链各经济主体间加强沟通与协商,对其长期发展目标达成共识,消除合作的不可控性。
6.优化武汉市水产品供应链结构的主要措施。目前,武汉市水产品供应链结构已初步形成,但是与发达国家和地区相比仍然存在着较大的差距。政府和企业未来应从加快武汉市渔业基础设施建设、加快水产品养殖结构的调整、提高养殖户的组织化程度、加快培育以大型批发市场和大型连锁超市为主导的水产品供应链、构建水产品供应链的HACCP体系、加快水产企业的品牌建设、培育水产品牌、积极推进武汉市水产品冷链物流体系建设、充分发挥政府在提高水产品供应链合作效率方面的积极作用、完善水产品供应链内部的利益分配机制、完善水产品供应链的约束机制。最终从安全与效率并重的角度优化武汉市水产品供应链结构。
Since the reform and opening, in a series of beneficial to the development of aquaculture industry policy guiding, scientific support, market promotion and active participation of the various elements, wuhan city according to "the regional distribution, standardized production, scale, marketing operation, promote industrialization" requirement, comprehensive development "high quality, high yield, high efficiency, ecological, safe" aquaculture, make its aquaculture keep the sustainable, stable and healthy development of good momentum, and along with the wuhan sustained, rapid economic and healthy development of aquaculture in the future will be in wuhan city agricultural economy development in the occupied the position of the more and more important. But, for wuhan aquatic products supply chain in the production, processing, distribution and so on each link still has some problems, and lead to low efficiency of the supply chain in wuhan city the whole aquatic products and faced with a certain quality safety problems, it hinders fishery in wuhan city to grow bigger and stronger. The party central committee to put forward to speed up the transformation of the mode of economic development through the whole process of economic and social development and the field, in promoting the development of transformation in transformation seeks the development, realize the eco-social development background, wuhan city how in resources and environment rigid constraint growing conditions to further consolidate the first fresh water production status, solve the "big" and not "strong" problems, and how to economic globalization deepens in the background of aquaculture and promote sound and rapid development, realize the "big" change "strong" leapfrog development, renew the development idea, change development way, become the the inevitable choice and urgent task, this research it is in this context, the safety and efficiency from the Angle of both of wuhan in aquatic products supply chain structure optimization research will have very important practical significance, on the one hand, will help to wuhan aquatic products supply chain the improvement of operation efficiency and aquatic products quality safety improvements, on the other hand will for related decision-making department in wuhan promoting aquaculture by changing "strong" policies to offer some basis, so as to supply chain management in wuhan introduced aquaculture provide empirical support.
This paper review of existing research results, and profits from the supply chain structure area of the existing research results, and on the basis of logistics, supply chain with the leading edge of the theory, through the comparative analysis, the analytic hierarchy process (ahp), game analysis method of wuhan in aquaculture production and circulation of the current situation of the development of the basis of investigation on the whole supply chain structure of wuhan in aquatic products of the current situation and the mode and describe the problem of wuhan in aquatic products supply chain structure in the whole development of have a clear orientation. And then the aquatic products supply chain in wuhan city involved in aquatic products breeding, processing and sales of large leading enterprise field investigation, and influence the safety and aquatic products supply chain efficiency of aquatic products factors quantitative analysis, research to wuhan aquatic products supply chain structure optimization good interaction mechanism. At the same time using hotelling model from seafood products supply chain of terminal, from how to pay attention to the safety factors and does not pay attention to safety factors in two aspects of the supermarket, farmers markets and consumer three game analysis of the economic subject, and draw out in aquatic products in the supply chain optimal regulators should is the government. Finally put forward in wuhan city in optimization of aquatic products supply chain in optimizing the structure of the basic idea further, on the basis of wuhan city aquatic products supply chain structure optimization put forward the measures. The main conclusions of related research are as follows:
1. Wuhan aquatic products supply chain structure the status quo. Survey shows that the aquatic products supply chain structure in wuhan city in the current pattern mainly have with the wholesale market for the aquatic products supply chain, to the center processing enterprise as the center of the supply chain and aquatic products to supermarket chain as the center of three types of aquatic products supply chain structure model, among them with the wholesale market as the center of aquatic products supply chain structure model is the most main in wuhan city aquatic products supply chain structure model, but it is a fracture of the chain. And in agriculture or cooperative association for relying on and to the third party logistics enterprise based on supply chain structure model is still not mature, also not current even the mainstream of the supply chain in wuhan city in the future of aquatic products structure mode. Therefore, in the current and future within a period of time, in the center of the wholesale market for aquatic products supply chain structure model, the wuhan city should vigorously develop aquaculture cooperatives, namely first established by breeding farmers breeding cooperatives, responsible for technology and management of communication and coordination, farmers only the high quality products and breeding, the professional market provide trading and storage place (such as establish a aquatic products living constant temperature storage base), ultimately through the brand, standardization, industrialization operation attract buyers directly to the producer purchasing aquatic products, thus reducing the intermediate link, increases the farmers benefits. Therefore, breeding cooperation organization in the current and future for a period of time in wuhan city should gradually become to develop a main form of organization.
2. Wuhan aquatic products supply chain system development model. At present the aquatic products supply chain system in wuhan city there are two development mode, one is the supermarket for end of aquatic products supply chain system development mode, and the other one is the farmer's market for end of aquatic products supply chain system development model. Because of the residents of wuhan city consumer preferences, income, the degree of different culture, different consumer market demand, there are certain differences, which makes the current the two development model depends on each other, complement each other, and in the long term future long-term coexistence, on some level, the difference between two features obvious aquatic products the existence of the supply chain should be the result of marketing choice. Although the current farmers market is still wuhan aquatic products circulation channel, but, with the improvement of wuhan city residents income level, a change of attitude and consumption in wuhan city in the supermarket chain to manage the idea and the management of the change of the idea, the future development of wuhan city aquatic products supply chain model also jointly with the developed countries toward higher efficiency and quality as more security to the supermarket chain of aquatic products for terminal system of supply chain development direction.
3. Influence of aquatic products supply chain in wuhan city quality and safety factor. Through the supply chain of wuhan in aquatic products in different segments of the main body of the economy in the survey, and access to relevant data, and analytic hierarchy process (ahp) measurement analysis, found "aquatic products safety cognition" and "the quality and safety of aquatic products of aquatic products supply chain effect" in wuhan city is very big to the influence of the aquatic product safety. Further research found that the influence of aquatic products safety cognition is more important, its in a sense more guidance, he is also aquatic products within the supply chain of the economic subject constantly perfect self s external forces, and within the supply chain of the economic subject to the safety of aquatic products to help improve the cooperation in wuhan city the competitiveness of aquatic products supply chain.
4. Aquatic products supply chain based on subject product quality and safety of the game. Analysis shows that the wuhan aquatic products such as consumer oneself do not raise the safety cognition, the aquatic product production operators for the pursuit of profit maximization, the general can't active but aware of aquatic products increased safety input. And through the establishment of a supply chain coordination or internal internal supervision mechanism also cannot promote the economic subject between aquatic product safety problems in the cooperation, this is mainly because aquatic product security has "public product" the characteristic. Therefore, the aquatic product safety supervision and shall, through the government functional department, especially need government gradually improve policies and regulations, and increase the aquatic product safety and the supervision of the law enforcement, among them, the key should be in the regulation of the source, that wants to be able to be traced back, because only source is safe, can to a certain extent in the aquatic products in the supply chain that is safe, and note that the distribution and marketing of aquatic products such links should be "key point" control, the only way to make consumers eat to the quality safety of aquatic products.
5. Influence of the efficiency of the organization of supply chain of aquatic products in wuhan city factors.
Through the organization of supply chain of wuhan in aquatic products of the efficiency of the influence factor analysis, found that cooperation in many factors efficiency is the most important factor. And cooperation mainly by the cooperation capacity and efficiency of cooperative intent effects, therefore, to improve the efficiency of the supply chain in wuhan aquatic products is to strengthen the organization cooperative intent, and to improve the cooperation ability, to do this, the most important is to should build aquatic products supply chain through longitudinal alliance, to build a strong credit mechanism, make each economic subject and risks to effectively reduce the controlled factor the loss that causes; At the same time, also requires in aquatic products supply chain different segments of the main body has the desire to achieve common goals and achieve the goal of cooperation mechanism. In addition, because cooperation ability and cooperative intentions also influence enterprise cooperation conditions and cooperative not controllable. Among them is the ability to affect the enterprise cooperation the main factors of conditions for cooperation, and cooperation intention is to influence the main factors of cooperation not controllable, therefore, on one hand, the enterprise should be greatly improved the ability to cooperate to promote aquatic products supply chain cooperation between the upstream and downstream firms; On the other hand, also need to wuhan aquatic products supply chain between the economic subject to strengthen communication and negotiation, the long-term development goals reached an agreement, eliminate the cooperation not controllable.
6. Optimize the structure of wuhan city aquatic products supply chain major measures. At present, wuhan aquatic products supply chain structure has been formed, but compared with the developed countries and regions still has the big gap. The government and enterprises should speed up the future in wuhan city infrastructure construction, speed up fishery breeding aquatic products, improving adjustment of the structure of the institutionalization of the farmers, accelerate the large wholesale market and to large supermarket chain for the leading products, building supply chain of the supply chain HACCP system, aquatic products to speed up the brand construction, aquatic breeding aquatic product brand, actively promote the wuhan cold chain logistics system construction, aquatic products give full play to the government in improving the efficiency of supply chain cooperation aquatic products, perfect the positive role of aquatic products supply chain in the interests of the internal distribution mechanism, improve the supply chain of the aquatic products restriction mechanism. From safety and efficiency eventually pay equal attention to the point of view of the wuhan aquatic products supply chain structure optimization.
本文在对已有研究成果进行梳理,并借鉴供应链结构领域已有的研究成果的基础上,结合物流、供应链的前沿理论,通过比较分析法、层次分析法、博弈分析法等方法,在对武汉市水产业生产与流通的发展现状进行考察的基础上,首先从整体上对武汉市水产品供应链结构的现状、模式及问题进行了描述,以对武汉市水产品供应链结构的整体发展有一个比较清晰的定位。然后通过对武汉市水产品供应链中所涉及的水产品养殖、加工、销售的大型龙头企业进行实地考察,并对影响水产品安全和水产品供应链效率的因素进行量化分析,研究有利于武汉市水产品供应链结构优化的良好互动的机理。同时运用豪泰林模型从水产品供应链终端入手,从注重安全因素和不注重安全因素两个方面对超市、农贸市场和消费者三个经济主体进行博弈分析,并引出在水产品供应链中最优的监管者应该是政府。最后在提出优化武汉市水产品供应链结构优化的基本思路的基础上,进一步提出优化武汉市水产品供应链结构的主要措施。相关研究的主要结论如下：
1.武汉市水产品供应链结构现状。调查表明,武汉市现行的水产品供应链结构模式主要有以批发市场为中心的水产品供应链、以加工企业为中心的水产品供应链和以连锁超市为中心的水产品供应链三种类型的结构模式,其中以批发市场为中心的水产品供应链结构模式是目前武汉市水产品供应链中最为主要的结构模式,但却是一条断裂的链条。而以农业协会或合作社为依托和以第三方物流企业为依托的供应链结构模式仍然不成熟,还不是当前甚至未来武汉市主流的水产品供应链结构模式。因此,在当前及未来一段时间内,在以批发市场为中心的水产品供应链结构模式中,武汉市应大力发展养殖合作社,即首先由养殖户成立养殖合作社,负责技术和管理上的交流和协调,养殖户只用养殖出高品质的水产品,由专业市场提供交易和储存场所(比如建立一个水产品活体恒温贮藏基地),最终通过品牌化、标准化、产业化运作吸引采购商直接到生产地采购水产品,从而减少了中间环节,增加了养殖户效益。因此,养殖合作组织在当前及未来一段时间内应逐渐成为武汉市大力发展的一种主要组织形式。
2.武汉市水产品供应链体系发展模式。目前武汉市的水产品供应链体系存在两种发展模式,一种是以超市为终端的水产品供应链体系发展模式,另一种是以农贸市场为终端的水产品供应链体系发展模式。由于武汉市居民的消费者偏好、收入、文化程度等的不同,使不同的消费者的市场需求存在一定的差异性,这使得当前这两种发展模式互相依存,互为补充,并在未来较长的时间内长期共存,在某种程度上,当前两个特征差异较为明显的水产品供应链的存在应是市场选择的结果。虽然当前农贸市场仍然是武汉市水产品流通主渠道,但是,伴随着武汉市居民收入水平的提高,消费态度的改变以及武汉市连锁超市经营理念和管理思路等的变化,武汉市水产品供应链的未来发展模式也会同发达国家一样向着效率更高和质量更加安全的以连锁超市为终端的水产品供应链体系方向发展。
3.影响武汉市水产品供应链质量与安全的因素。通过对武汉市水产品供应链中处不同环节上经济主体的调查,并获取相关数据,再运用层次分析法进行计量分析后,发现“水产品安全认知”和“水产品质量安全对水产品供应链的影响”对武汉市水产品安全有非常大的影响。进一步研究发现,水产品安全认知的影响则更为重要,其在某种意义上更具指导性,他也是水产品供应链内各经济主体不断自我完善的外在力量,而供应链内各经济主体对水产品安全的合作对有助于提高武汉市水产品供应链的竞争力。
4.水产品供应链主体基于产品质量安全的博弈。分析表明：如武汉市水产品消费者自身不提高安全认知,整个水产品生产经营者为追求利润的最大化,一般不会主动而自觉的增加水产品的安全投入。而通过建立一种供应链内部的协调或内部的监督机制也无法促进各经济主体间就水产品安全问题进行合作,这主要是因为水产品安全具有“公共产品”的特征。因此,对水产品安全监督应当通过政府的相关职能部门来进行,尤其是需要政府逐步完善政策法规,加大水产品安全的监管力度和执法力度,其中,对其进行监管的重点应该在源头,即要能够追根溯源,因为只有源头是安全的,才能在一定程度上保证进入供应链内的水产品是安全的,同时需要注意的是对水产品的流通、销售等环节应进行“关键点”控制,只有这样才能使消费者吃到质量安全的水产品。
5.影响武汉市水产品供应链组织效率的因素。
通过对武汉市水产品供应链组织效率的影响因素分析,发现合作效率是诸多影响因素中最为重要的因素。而合作效率主要受合作能力和合作意向影响,因此,要提高武汉市水产品供应链的组织效率即要强化合作意向,又要提高合作能力,要做到这一点,最为重要的就是应当通过构建水产品供应链纵向联盟,建立强有力的信用机制,使各经济主体共担风险,以达到有效降低不可控因素所导致的损失；同时,还要求处在水产品供应链上的各个不同环节的主体有实现共同目标的愿望和实现该目标的合作机制。另外,由于合作能力和合作意向也影响着企业合作条件和合作的不可控性。其中合作能力是影响企业合作条件的主要因素,而合作意向是影响合作不可控性的主要因素,因此,一方面,应大幅度提高企业的合作能力促进水产品供应链上下游企业间的合作；另一方面,还需要武汉市水产品供应链各经济主体间加强沟通与协商,对其长期发展目标达成共识,消除合作的不可控性。
6.优化武汉市水产品供应链结构的主要措施。目前,武汉市水产品供应链结构已初步形成,但是与发达国家和地区相比仍然存在着较大的差距。政府和企业未来应从加快武汉市渔业基础设施建设、加快水产品养殖结构的调整、提高养殖户的组织化程度、加快培育以大型批发市场和大型连锁超市为主导的水产品供应链、构建水产品供应链的HACCP体系、加快水产企业的品牌建设、培育水产品牌、积极推进武汉市水产品冷链物流体系建设、充分发挥政府在提高水产品供应链合作效率方面的积极作用、完善水产品供应链内部的利益分配机制、完善水产品供应链的约束机制。最终从安全与效率并重的角度优化武汉市水产品供应链结构。
Since the reform and opening, in a series of beneficial to the development of aquaculture industry policy guiding, scientific support, market promotion and active participation of the various elements, wuhan city according to "the regional distribution, standardized production, scale, marketing operation, promote industrialization" requirement, comprehensive development "high quality, high yield, high efficiency, ecological, safe" aquaculture, make its aquaculture keep the sustainable, stable and healthy development of good momentum, and along with the wuhan sustained, rapid economic and healthy development of aquaculture in the future will be in wuhan city agricultural economy development in the occupied the position of the more and more important. But, for wuhan aquatic products supply chain in the production, processing, distribution and so on each link still has some problems, and lead to low efficiency of the supply chain in wuhan city the whole aquatic products and faced with a certain quality safety problems, it hinders fishery in wuhan city to grow bigger and stronger. The party central committee to put forward to speed up the transformation of the mode of economic development through the whole process of economic and social development and the field, in promoting the development of transformation in transformation seeks the development, realize the eco-social development background, wuhan city how in resources and environment rigid constraint growing conditions to further consolidate the first fresh water production status, solve the "big" and not "strong" problems, and how to economic globalization deepens in the background of aquaculture and promote sound and rapid development, realize the "big" change "strong" leapfrog development, renew the development idea, change development way, become the the inevitable choice and urgent task, this research it is in this context, the safety and efficiency from the Angle of both of wuhan in aquatic products supply chain structure optimization research will have very important practical significance, on the one hand, will help to wuhan aquatic products supply chain the improvement of operation efficiency and aquatic products quality safety improvements, on the other hand will for related decision-making department in wuhan promoting aquaculture by changing "strong" policies to offer some basis, so as to supply chain management in wuhan introduced aquaculture provide empirical support.
This paper review of existing research results, and profits from the supply chain structure area of the existing research results, and on the basis of logistics, supply chain with the leading edge of the theory, through the comparative analysis, the analytic hierarchy process (ahp), game analysis method of wuhan in aquaculture production and circulation of the current situation of the development of the basis of investigation on the whole supply chain structure of wuhan in aquatic products of the current situation and the mode and describe the problem of wuhan in aquatic products supply chain structure in the whole development of have a clear orientation. And then the aquatic products supply chain in wuhan city involved in aquatic products breeding, processing and sales of large leading enterprise field investigation, and influence the safety and aquatic products supply chain efficiency of aquatic products factors quantitative analysis, research to wuhan aquatic products supply chain structure optimization good interaction mechanism. At the same time using hotelling model from seafood products supply chain of terminal, from how to pay attention to the safety factors and does not pay attention to safety factors in two aspects of the supermarket, farmers markets and consumer three game analysis of the economic subject, and draw out in aquatic products in the supply chain optimal regulators should is the government. Finally put forward in wuhan city in optimization of aquatic products supply chain in optimizing the structure of the basic idea further, on the basis of wuhan city aquatic products supply chain structure optimization put forward the measures. The main conclusions of related research are as follows:
1. Wuhan aquatic products supply chain structure the status quo. Survey shows that the aquatic products supply chain structure in wuhan city in the current pattern mainly have with the wholesale market for the aquatic products supply chain, to the center processing enterprise as the center of the supply chain and aquatic products to supermarket chain as the center of three types of aquatic products supply chain structure model, among them with the wholesale market as the center of aquatic products supply chain structure model is the most main in wuhan city aquatic products supply chain structure model, but it is a fracture of the chain. And in agriculture or cooperative association for relying on and to the third party logistics enterprise based on supply chain structure model is still not mature, also not current even the mainstream of the supply chain in wuhan city in the future of aquatic products structure mode. Therefore, in the current and future within a period of time, in the center of the wholesale market for aquatic products supply chain structure model, the wuhan city should vigorously develop aquaculture cooperatives, namely first established by breeding farmers breeding cooperatives, responsible for technology and management of communication and coordination, farmers only the high quality products and breeding, the professional market provide trading and storage place (such as establish a aquatic products living constant temperature storage base), ultimately through the brand, standardization, industrialization operation attract buyers directly to the producer purchasing aquatic products, thus reducing the intermediate link, increases the farmers benefits. Therefore, breeding cooperation organization in the current and future for a period of time in wuhan city should gradually become to develop a main form of organization.
2. Wuhan aquatic products supply chain system development model. At present the aquatic products supply chain system in wuhan city there are two development mode, one is the supermarket for end of aquatic products supply chain system development mode, and the other one is the farmer's market for end of aquatic products supply chain system development model. Because of the residents of wuhan city consumer preferences, income, the degree of different culture, different consumer market demand, there are certain differences, which makes the current the two development model depends on each other, complement each other, and in the long term future long-term coexistence, on some level, the difference between two features obvious aquatic products the existence of the supply chain should be the result of marketing choice. Although the current farmers market is still wuhan aquatic products circulation channel, but, with the improvement of wuhan city residents income level, a change of attitude and consumption in wuhan city in the supermarket chain to manage the idea and the management of the change of the idea, the future development of wuhan city aquatic products supply chain model also jointly with the developed countries toward higher efficiency and quality as more security to the supermarket chain of aquatic products for terminal system of supply chain development direction.
3. Influence of aquatic products supply chain in wuhan city quality and safety factor. Through the supply chain of wuhan in aquatic products in different segments of the main body of the economy in the survey, and access to relevant data, and analytic hierarchy process (ahp) measurement analysis, found "aquatic products safety cognition" and "the quality and safety of aquatic products of aquatic products supply chain effect" in wuhan city is very big to the influence of the aquatic product safety. Further research found that the influence of aquatic products safety cognition is more important, its in a sense more guidance, he is also aquatic products within the supply chain of the economic subject constantly perfect self s external forces, and within the supply chain of the economic subject to the safety of aquatic products to help improve the cooperation in wuhan city the competitiveness of aquatic products supply chain.
4. Aquatic products supply chain based on subject product quality and safety of the game. Analysis shows that the wuhan aquatic products such as consumer oneself do not raise the safety cognition, the aquatic product production operators for the pursuit of profit maximization, the general can't active but aware of aquatic products increased safety input. And through the establishment of a supply chain coordination or internal internal supervision mechanism also cannot promote the economic subject between aquatic product safety problems in the cooperation, this is mainly because aquatic product security has "public product" the characteristic. Therefore, the aquatic product safety supervision and shall, through the government functional department, especially need government gradually improve policies and regulations, and increase the aquatic product safety and the supervision of the law enforcement, among them, the key should be in the regulation of the source, that wants to be able to be traced back, because only source is safe, can to a certain extent in the aquatic products in the supply chain that is safe, and note that the distribution and marketing of aquatic products such links should be "key point" control, the only way to make consumers eat to the quality safety of aquatic products.
5. Influence of the efficiency of the organization of supply chain of aquatic products in wuhan city factors.
Through the organization of supply chain of wuhan in aquatic products of the efficiency of the influence factor analysis, found that cooperation in many factors efficiency is the most important factor. And cooperation mainly by the cooperation capacity and efficiency of cooperative intent effects, therefore, to improve the efficiency of the supply chain in wuhan aquatic products is to strengthen the organization cooperative intent, and to improve the cooperation ability, to do this, the most important is to should build aquatic products supply chain through longitudinal alliance, to build a strong credit mechanism, make each economic subject and risks to effectively reduce the controlled factor the loss that causes; At the same time, also requires in aquatic products supply chain different segments of the main body has the desire to achieve common goals and achieve the goal of cooperation mechanism. In addition, because cooperation ability and cooperative intentions also influence enterprise cooperation conditions and cooperative not controllable. Among them is the ability to affect the enterprise cooperation the main factors of conditions for cooperation, and cooperation intention is to influence the main factors of cooperation not controllable, therefore, on one hand, the enterprise should be greatly improved the ability to cooperate to promote aquatic products supply chain cooperation between the upstream and downstream firms; On the other hand, also need to wuhan aquatic products supply chain between the economic subject to strengthen communication and negotiation, the long-term development goals reached an agreement, eliminate the cooperation not controllable.
6. Optimize the structure of wuhan city aquatic products supply chain major measures. At present, wuhan aquatic products supply chain structure has been formed, but compared with the developed countries and regions still has the big gap. The government and enterprises should speed up the future in wuhan city infrastructure construction, speed up fishery breeding aquatic products, improving adjustment of the structure of the institutionalization of the farmers, accelerate the large wholesale market and to large supermarket chain for the leading products, building supply chain of the supply chain HACCP system, aquatic products to speed up the brand construction, aquatic breeding aquatic product brand, actively promote the wuhan cold chain logistics system construction, aquatic products give full play to the government in improving the efficiency of supply chain cooperation aquatic products, perfect the positive role of aquatic products supply chain in the interests of the internal distribution mechanism, improve the supply chain of the aquatic products restriction mechanism. From safety and efficiency eventually pay equal attention to the point of view of the wuhan aquatic products supply chain structure optimization.
引文
1.(美)奥利弗·E·威廉姆森著,反托拉斯经济学一一兼并、协约和策略行为[M],经济科学出版社,1999年3月印刷
2.蔡春林,市场竞争就是品牌竞争-我国水产品自主品牌建设问题研究[J],中国渔业报,2007(7)
3.曹利群、周立群,对“市场+农户“的理论研究[J],中国农村观察,2005(3)：2-8
4.陈刚、陈卫忠,对美国渔业管理模式的初步探讨,上海水产大学学报,2002(3)：38-41
5.陈国军、周应祺,我国水产品行业供应链管理初探[J],齐鲁渔业,2005(5)66-67
6.陈荣、贾建民,消费者选择中后悔和不确定性的作用研究[J],管理科学学报,2005(12)：19-27
7.陈诗波、李崇光,关于湖北省淡水产业发展的思考,农业现代化研究,2007(2)：177-180
8.陈淑祥,中西方国家农产品流通比较[J],重庆工商大学学报(西部论坛),2006(4)：19-21
9.陈志祥、马士华、陈荣秋,敏捷化供应链系统的分析、设计与重构[J],管理工程学报,2001,16(1)：1-4
10.崔芳、陈明,有关水产品供应商管理库存模型的初步研究,《上海水产大学学报》[J],2005(12)：36
11.邓俊淼等,供应链管理下鲜活农产品流通模式的探讨[J],农业经济,2006(8)：76-77
12.董晓霞,我国生鲜农产品居民消费差异分析[J],中国食物与营养,2005(9)
13.傅烨,供应链结构[D],复旦大学博士学位论文,2000
14.甘小冰,供应链中不确定性问题研究[J],现代电子技术,2004(5)：57-61
15.耿献辉,我国水产品质量安全问题发生原因解析[J],中国渔业经济,2002(6)
16.国内外水产品加工业发展现状与趋势[J],农产品加工重大关键技术筛选研究报告,北京：中国农业出版社出版,2006,186-191
17.韩立民、邓云峰,中国渔业的产业价值链分析,《海洋科学进展》[J],2005(7)：57
18.韩松,构建我国生鲜农产品供应链的现实分析与应对策略[J],商场现代化,2007(8)：132-133
19.贺盛瑜、董一平,供应链环境下四川农产品物流运作模式探讨[J],农村经济,2006(6)：89-92
20.胡翠红、杜文,供应链不确定性问题研究[J],《商场现代化》,2007(3)
21.胡定寰,农产品“二元结构”论—论市发展对农业和食品安全的影响[J],中国农村经济,2005(2)
22.湖北省水产局：《武汉市水产统计年报汇总表》,1998-2009年
23.黄祖辉、程言清,农产品流通现状、问题及发展趋势[J],价格理论与实践,2002(6)：30-32
24.黄祖辉、刘英东,我国农产品物流体系物流体系建设与制度分析[J],农业经济问题,2005(4)：49-53
25.霍佳震等,集成化供应链技校评价体系及应用[M],清华大学出版社,2005
26.贾生华、刘清华,拍卖交易与我国农产品批发市场交易方式创新[J],中国农村经济,2001(2)
27.蒋侃,生鲜农产品供应链的分析及其优化[J],沿海企业与科技,2006(1)：17-18
28.康芒斯,制度经济学(上册)[M],商务印书馆,1983
29.课题组,我国农产品行业协会发展的历史沿革[J],中国农村经济,2004(11)：17-23
30.孔祥智、郭艳芹,现阶段农民合作经济组织的基本状况、组织管理及政府作用,农业经济问题,2006(1)
31.寇平君、卢凤君、沈泽江,构建我国农产品市场流通模式的战略性思考[J],农业经济问题,2002(8)：13-14
32.雷小清,试论供应链中的不确定性[J],科技进步与对策,2003(4)：78-79
33.冷志杰,集成化大宗农产品供应链结构模型及其应用[博十学位论文],大连理工大学博士学位论文,2005
34.李炳坤,农产品流通体制改革与市场制度建设[J],中国农村经济,1996(6)：11-18
35.李春贵,集成供应链管理系统的分解协调模型[J],《中北大学学报》,2005(3)：26-29
36.李春海,改善农产品流通的制度性条件[J],财贸研究,2001(6)：47-51
37.李季芳,基于核心企业的水产品供应链管理研究[博十学位论文],中国海洋大学博士学位论文,2008
38.李季芳,我国生鲜农产品供应链管理思考[J],中国流通经济,2007(1)：17-19
39.李晋红,美日农产品流通渠道模式比较及对我国的借鉴[J],中国合作经济,2005(5)：61-63
40.李群明、张十廉、王成恩、宋国宁,供应链体系结构的比较研究[J],计算机集成制造系统,2001(6)：15-19
41.李世新等,供应链企业合作问题的博弈研究[J],机械工程学报,2003(2)：123-128
42.李松庆,我国物流基础设施的建设策略分析[J],商业研究,2006(4)：168-170
43.李晓锦、范秀荣,农产品物流体系的规制及其专业化发展[J],农业经济问题,2006(8)：43-46
44.李岩、傅泽田、刘雪,农产品供应链管理问题初探[J],农村经济,2008(3)：39-41.
45.栗东生、张翠华、黄小原,供应链网结构特性及其模型[J],合成纤维工业,2000(1)：39-42
46.刘东英,农产品现代物流研究框架的试构建[J],中国农村经济,2005(7)：64-70
47.刘丽文,供应链管理思想及其理论和方法的发展过程[J],管理科学学报,2003(2)：82-88
48.刘石勇等,农产品流通体系建设中的缺陷及其完善对策[J],中国农村经济,1998(4)：29-32
49.卢震、黄小原,具有不确定性需求的供应链牛鞭效应的随机控制[J],东北大学学报,自然科学版,2003(4)：393-396
50.鲁耀斌、杨光明、杨敏刁,供应链管理中不确定性的来源、表现及应对策略[J],科技进步理论与管理,2004(4)：87-89
51.马士华、王圣广,供应链拓扑结构模型研究[J],《工业工程与管理》,1999(2)：33-36
52.穆东,供应链系统的复杂性构成分析[J],中国流通经济,2006(8)：10-14
53.潘劲,农产品行业协会的治理机制分析[J],中国农村观察,2005(5)：41-52
54.彭怡、朱金福.供应链定位策略的集成与优化[J],《企业经济》,2005(12)：78-80
55.邱春龙,信息技术在集成供应链管理中的应用[J],《漳州职业技术学院学报》,2006(2)：13-15
56.任守集、柴跃廷,敏捷供应链的管理与决策问题[J],信息与控制,1999,28(5)：321-326
57.邵征翌,中国水产品质量安全管理战略研究[博十学位论文],中国海洋大学博士学位论文,2007
58.沈厚才、陶青、陈煜波,供应链管理理论与方法[J],中国管理科学,2000(3)：1-8
59.孙凤,中国居民的不确定性分析[J],中国经济问题,2002(2)：58-62
60.孙会君、高自友,供应链分销系统双层优化模型[J],管理科学学报,2003(3)：66-70
61.谭涛、朱毅华,农产品供应链组织模式研究[J],现代经济探讨,2004(5)：24-27
62.田青,离散制造企业物流网络设计方法研究[M],天津：天津大学,2005
63.汪浩瀚,转型期中国居民消费的不确定性分析[D],首都经济贸易大学博士论文,2006
64.王丰、季建华、黄培清,供应链管理及其结构与网络的应用[J],《上海交通大学学报(社科版)》,2001(1)：30-33
65.王金河,农产品流通供应链管理新模式探讨[J],农业经济,2008(1)：81-82
66.王金河,农产品流通供应链管理新模式探讨[J],农业经济,2008(1)：81-82
67.王龙贵,从水产品出口遭遇“孔雀石绿”风波引发的思考,中国检验检疫,2006(1)
68.王圣广、马士华.供应链的拓展应用研究[J],《南开管理评论》,1999(6)：69-72
69.王鑫、沈蕾,我国淡水产品的供应链变化及其未来发展思考,《科技咨询导报》[J],2007(28)：153
70.王迎军,顾客需求驱动的供应链契约问题综述[J],《管理科学学报》,2005(2)：68-76
71.王迎军,顾客需求驱动的供应链契约问题综述[J],管理科学学报,2005,8(2)：68-76
72.王玉霞,鲜活农产品流通模式的国际比较及其借鉴[J],商场现代化,2008(4)：50-51
73.吴国华、潘德惠,顾客购买行为影响因素分析及重购概率的预测[J],管理工程学报,2005(1)：104-106
74.吴涛、李必强、海峰,供应链集成的新思路：管理界面集成[J],中国管理科学,2003(3)：36-41
75.吴维宁、卢卫平,美国国家渔业信息网络建设及其启示,中国水产,2005(6)：33-34
76.武汉市农业局：《武汉农业》,2000-2009年
77.夏英等,食品安全保障：从质量标准体系到供应链综合管理[J],农业经济问题,2001(11)：59-62
78.谢如鹤,我国冷藏食品运输的现状[J],中国食品工业,2005(1)：40-41
79.谢如鹤、韩伯领,国内外冷藏食品物流的现状[J],中国储运,2004(6)：16-18.
80.徐贤浩、马十华,供应链网络结构模型中多级库存控制模型[J],《华中理工大学学报》,1998,26(7)：68-70
81.徐旭初,中国农民专业合作经济组织的制度分析[M],经济科学出版社,2005,第1版：5
82.许立军,需求不确定下的供应链协调研究[博士学位论文],清华大学博士学位论文,2002
83.薛岭、蒋馥,供应链的模式与协调问题研究[J],系统工程理论方法应用,1998(3)：33-38
84.杨浩等,零售企业主导型供应链的管理特征研究[J],财贸研究,2004(6)：32
85.杨为民,农产品供应链一体化模式初探[J],农村经济,2007(6)：33-35
86.杨正勇、史君英,我国水产品质量安全问题的经济学分析[J],中国渔业经济,2000(4)
87.姚建明、周国华,大规模定制模式下供应链计划调度优化分析[J],管理科学学报,2003(5)：58-64
88.俞菊生,日本的农产品物流和批发市场[J],上海农村经济,2003(4)：43-44
89.袁文芳,发展湖北省水产加工业的对策与建议[J],中国水产,2001(7)：19-23
90.袁文芳,湖北省水产品市场现状及对策[J],中国渔业经济,2001(10)：37-38
91.张翠华、黄小原,具有柔性的供应链模型优化问题及其应用[J],《东北大学学报》,2002,23(4)341-344
92.张存禄,基于风险控制的供应链结构优化研究[J],《上海交通大学学报》,2005(3)
93.张德化、汪上,发达国家农产品流通组织的比较与启示[J],北方经贸,2005(4)：40-42
94.张海涛、王锋等,基于可追溯系统的水产品供应链结构优化机制及管理模式,《中国渔业经济》[J],2008(6)：51
95.张慧颖,不确定需求下的供应链库存协调管理研究[D],天津大学博士学位论文,2003
96.张青山、田庆军,企业供应链的结构类型研究[J],商业研究,2002,5(2)：80-81
97.张耀刚、霍钥丽,政府与市场行为的双重结合-美国食品安全监督工具的选择及对我们的启示[J],浙江大学食品质量安全研讨会论文集,2003
98.中国统计出版社：《湖北省农村统计年鉴》,1997-2009年
99.周应恒,食品安全：消费者态度、购买意向及信息的影响[J],中国农村经济,2004(11)
100.朱九龙、陶晓燕、王世军,供应链中的“牛鞭效应”研究[J],商业研究,2004(23)
101.朱毅华、王凯,农产品供应链整合绩效实证研究一以江苏地区为例[J],南京农业大学学报(社会科学版),2004(2)
102.庄品,供应链协调机制研究[博士学位论文],南京航空航天大学博士学位论文,2004
103.5imchi-Levi D,Kaminsky P,Simchi-Levi E.Designing and Managing the Supply ChainrConcepts, Strategies, and Cases studies [M].New York:McGraw-Hill,2001.
104. Anonymous.Supply Chain Reliability[J].Chain Store Age.2004.7:61-62.
105.Anshuman Gupta and Costas D.Maranas.Managing demand uncertainty in supply chain planning[J].Computers & Chemical Engineering,2003,27(9):1219-1227.
106. B.M.Beamon, Supply Chain Design and Analysis:Models and method[J]. International Journal of Production Economics,1998(55):281-294.
107. Banker R D,Charnes A and Cooper W W.Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis.Management Science.1984.9:1078-1092.
108. Bates,Robert H.,Market and State in Tropical Africa.The Political Basis of Agricultural Policy,Berkeley:University of California Press.1981.
109. Beeaman B M.Designing the green supply chain[U]Logistics information management.1999,12 (4):332-342.
110. Brian Fynes,Se6n de Burca and Donna Marshall.Environmental Uncertainty,supply chain relationship quality and performance[J]. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management,2004, 10(4-5):179-190.
111. Charnes A,Cooper W W and Rhodes E.Measring the efficiency of decision making units.European Journal of Operational Reasearch.1978.2:429-444.
112. Charnes A,Cooper W W and Wei Q L.A semi-infinite multicriteria programming approach to data envelopment analysis with many decision-making units.Center for Cybernetic Studies Report. CCS.1986.9.
113. Charnes A,Cooper W W,Golary B,Seiford L M and Stutz J.Foundation of data envelopment analysis for parero-koopmans efficient empirical production functions.Journal of Econometrics. 1985.30:91-107.
114. Charnes A,Cooper W W,Seiford L.Lawrence M and Stutz J.Invariant multiplicative efficiency and piecewise Cobb-Douglas envelopment.Operations Research Letter.1983.2:38-49.
115. Charnes A,Cooper W W,Wei Q L and Huang Z M.Cone ratio data envelopment anlysis and multi-objective programming.International Journal of Systems Science.1989.07(20):1099-1118.
116. Charnes A, Cooper W W, Wei Q L and Huang Z W.Cone ratio data envelopment analysis and multi-objective programming.International Journal of Systems Science,1989,20,(7):1099-1118
117. Cooper M.C.,Lambert D.M.and Pagh J.D..Supply Chain management:more than a new name for logistics Management[M].1997,8(1):1-13.
118. CraigR.Carter.Purchasingand Social Responsibility:A Replication and Extension[J].Journal of Supply Chain Management.2004(40):4.
119. Dave U,Pandya B.Inventory Returns and Special Sales in a lot-size System with Constant Rate of Deterioration.European Journal of Operational Research,1985(19):305-312.
120. David Frederick Ross. Competing Through Supply Chain Management[M]. Springer,1998.1.
121. Davis T. Effective Supply Chain Management[J]. Management Review,1993(8):35-46.
122. Dorward.A,J.Kydd and C.Poulton.Smallholder Cash Crop Production under Market Liberalisation:A New Institutional Economics Perspective,Wallingford and New York:CAB International.1998.
123. ElizabethA Williamson,David K Harrison,Mike Jordan.Information Systems Development within Supply Chain Management[J].International Journal of Information Management,2004,24:375-385.
124. Fare R and Crosskopf S.A nonparametric cost approach to scale efficiency. Journal of Economics.1985.87:594-604.
125. Forrester,J.w.Industrial dynamics[J].MIT Press,Cambridge,MA,1961.
126. Fox M S, Chionglo J F,Barbuceanu M. The Integrated Supply Chain Management System[D]. Toronto University of Toronto,1993.
127. Ganeshan,R.,T.P.Harrison. An Introduction to Spply Chain Management[M]. Working Paper,1997.
128. GanshanR.,etal,An introduction to supply management,Penn State University.http://slmaril. smeal.psu.edulmisclsupply-chain-intro.html
129. Gilbert,S.Green supply chain:enhancing competitiveness through green productivetity [M]. Tapei. Taiwan.2001:1-6.
130. Grosh,Bardara,Contract Farming in Africa:An Application of New Institutional Economics,Journal of African Economies,1994.02(3):231-261.
131.Higgins V.,Dibden J.and Cocklin C.Building alternative agri-food networks:Certification, embeddedness and agri-environmental governance [J]. Journal of Rural Studies.2007.7.
132. Hofbarer J, SiSCMMund K.Evolutionary games and population dynamics[M]. Cambridge university press.1998.78-85.
133. Hopkins,Raymond F.,Notes on Agriculture and State,in P.C.Timmer ed.,Agriculture and State:Growth,Employment,and Poverty in Developing Countries,Ithca:Cornell University Press. 1991.
134. Huang Z M and Li S X.Dominance stochastic model in data envelopment anlysis.European Journal of Operational Reasearch.1996.95:390-403.
135. Hugbes J, Ralf M, Michels B. Transform Your Supply Chain-Releasing Value in Business[M]. Theomson Business Press,1998.
136. Hunt I., Wall B.and Jadgev H.Applying the concepts of extended products and extended enterprises to support the activities of dynamic supply networks in the agri-food industry[J].Journal of Food Engineering.2005.10.
137. James C.Johnson,Donald F.Wood.Contemporary Logistics[M].Macmillan Pub Co,1996.1.
138. Jang Yang-Ja Jang Seong-Yong ChangByung-Mann, et al. A combined model of networkdesign and production/distribution planning for a supply network. Computers and Industrial Engineering,2002,43(1):263-281.
139. Joseph Sarkis.Theory and Methodology Evaluating environmental Conscious business practicees[J].European Journal of Operational Research,1998.07:159-174.
140. Kherallah,M.,C.Delgade,E.Gabre-Madhin,N.Minot and M.Johnson,Reforming Agricultural Markets in Africa,Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press.2002.
141. Krueger,Anne O.,The Political Economy of Agricultural Pricing Policy,Baltimore and London:The Johns Hopkins University Press.1992.05.
142. Lamber D.M.,Cooper M.C.,Pagh J.D..Supply Chain management implementation issues and research opportunities[J].Internation Journal of Logistics Management,1998,9(2):1-19.
143. Land K C,Lovell C A K and Thore S.Chance constrained data envelopment analysis.Managerial and Decision Economics.1993.14:117-129.
144. Lee H L.Information Sharing in a Supply Chain.International Journal of Technology Management.2000.20(3).
145. Martin Christopher.Logistics and Supply Chain Management[M].London:Pearson Education Limited,1992.
146. Mubarik Ali, Dynamics of Vegetable Production, Distribution and Consumption in Asia, Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center[J],2000.
147. Nagurney,A.,Dong,J.,Zhang,D..A supply chain network equilibrium model[J]. Transportation Research Part E,2002,47(7):966-978.
148. Ohbyung Kwon,Ghi Paullm and Kun Chang Lee. MACE-SCM:Amulti-agent and casebased reasoning collaboration mechanism for supply chain management under supply and demand uncertainties[J].Expert Systems with Applications,2007,33(3):690-705.
149. Ozernoy V M.Choosing the "best" multiple criteria decision-making method[J]. INFOR.1992(30):159-171.
150. Ram Ganeshan,Managing supply chain inventories:A multiple retail,one warehouse, multiple supplier model[J].International Journal of Production Economies,1999,59(3):341-354.
151. Ribot,Jesse C,Theorizing Access:Forest Profits along Senegal's Charcoal Commodity Chain, Development and Change,1998.29:307-341.
152. S.Nahmias, Perishable Inventory Theory:A review.Operations Research,1982.30(4):680-708.
153. ScottD.Johnson.Identification and selectiono fenvironmental performance indictors:application of the balanced scorecard approach[J]. Corporate Environmental Strategy,1998.05(4):34-41.
154. Seiford L M and Thrall R M.Recent development in DEA.The mathematical programming approach to frontier analysis.Journal of Econometrics.1990.46:7-38.
155. Sengupta J K.Data envelopment analysis for efficiency measurement in the stochastic case.Computers and Operations Research,1987.14:541-554.
156. Shiue Y.C.An Inventory Model for Perishable Items in a lot-size System with Quantity Discounts.European Journal of Operational Research,1990(45):260-264.
157. Steve Lippmann.Supply chain environmental management:elements for success[J].Environmental management.1999.06(2):175-182.
158. Stewart T J.A critical survey on the status of multiple criteria decision making theory and practice[J].OMEGA.1992(20):569-586.
159. Towill,D.R.Supply chain dynamics[J].International journal of Computer Integrated manufacturing,1991,4(4):197-208.
160. V.Gigch, J.P System.Design Modeling and M eta modeling.New York:NY:Plenum Press,1991:52.
161. Wei Q L,Zhang J and Zhang X.An inverse DEA model for input/output estimate.European Journal of Operational Reasearch.2000.121:151-163.
162. Wout J.Hofman.Information and Communication Technology(ICT)for Food and Agribusiness.Chain management in agribusiness and the food industry.Proceedings of the fourth international conference,2000:599-608.
163. Zsidisin,G.A,Siferd,S.P.Environmental purchasing:a framework for theory development[J]. European Journal of purchasing&Supply management,2001.07.61-73.
2.蔡春林,市场竞争就是品牌竞争-我国水产品自主品牌建设问题研究[J],中国渔业报,2007(7)
3.曹利群、周立群,对“市场+农户“的理论研究[J],中国农村观察,2005(3)：2-8
4.陈刚、陈卫忠,对美国渔业管理模式的初步探讨,上海水产大学学报,2002(3)：38-41
5.陈国军、周应祺,我国水产品行业供应链管理初探[J],齐鲁渔业,2005(5)66-67
6.陈荣、贾建民,消费者选择中后悔和不确定性的作用研究[J],管理科学学报,2005(12)：19-27
7.陈诗波、李崇光,关于湖北省淡水产业发展的思考,农业现代化研究,2007(2)：177-180
8.陈淑祥,中西方国家农产品流通比较[J],重庆工商大学学报(西部论坛),2006(4)：19-21
9.陈志祥、马士华、陈荣秋,敏捷化供应链系统的分析、设计与重构[J],管理工程学报,2001,16(1)：1-4
10.崔芳、陈明,有关水产品供应商管理库存模型的初步研究,《上海水产大学学报》[J],2005(12)：36
11.邓俊淼等,供应链管理下鲜活农产品流通模式的探讨[J],农业经济,2006(8)：76-77
12.董晓霞,我国生鲜农产品居民消费差异分析[J],中国食物与营养,2005(9)
13.傅烨,供应链结构[D],复旦大学博士学位论文,2000
14.甘小冰,供应链中不确定性问题研究[J],现代电子技术,2004(5)：57-61
15.耿献辉,我国水产品质量安全问题发生原因解析[J],中国渔业经济,2002(6)
16.国内外水产品加工业发展现状与趋势[J],农产品加工重大关键技术筛选研究报告,北京：中国农业出版社出版,2006,186-191
17.韩立民、邓云峰,中国渔业的产业价值链分析,《海洋科学进展》[J],2005(7)：57
18.韩松,构建我国生鲜农产品供应链的现实分析与应对策略[J],商场现代化,2007(8)：132-133
19.贺盛瑜、董一平,供应链环境下四川农产品物流运作模式探讨[J],农村经济,2006(6)：89-92
20.胡翠红、杜文,供应链不确定性问题研究[J],《商场现代化》,2007(3)
21.胡定寰,农产品“二元结构”论—论市发展对农业和食品安全的影响[J],中国农村经济,2005(2)
22.湖北省水产局：《武汉市水产统计年报汇总表》,1998-2009年
23.黄祖辉、程言清,农产品流通现状、问题及发展趋势[J],价格理论与实践,2002(6)：30-32
24.黄祖辉、刘英东,我国农产品物流体系物流体系建设与制度分析[J],农业经济问题,2005(4)：49-53
25.霍佳震等,集成化供应链技校评价体系及应用[M],清华大学出版社,2005
26.贾生华、刘清华,拍卖交易与我国农产品批发市场交易方式创新[J],中国农村经济,2001(2)
27.蒋侃,生鲜农产品供应链的分析及其优化[J],沿海企业与科技,2006(1)：17-18
28.康芒斯,制度经济学(上册)[M],商务印书馆,1983
29.课题组,我国农产品行业协会发展的历史沿革[J],中国农村经济,2004(11)：17-23
30.孔祥智、郭艳芹,现阶段农民合作经济组织的基本状况、组织管理及政府作用,农业经济问题,2006(1)
31.寇平君、卢凤君、沈泽江,构建我国农产品市场流通模式的战略性思考[J],农业经济问题,2002(8)：13-14
32.雷小清,试论供应链中的不确定性[J],科技进步与对策,2003(4)：78-79
33.冷志杰,集成化大宗农产品供应链结构模型及其应用[博十学位论文],大连理工大学博士学位论文,2005
34.李炳坤,农产品流通体制改革与市场制度建设[J],中国农村经济,1996(6)：11-18
35.李春贵,集成供应链管理系统的分解协调模型[J],《中北大学学报》,2005(3)：26-29
36.李春海,改善农产品流通的制度性条件[J],财贸研究,2001(6)：47-51
37.李季芳,基于核心企业的水产品供应链管理研究[博十学位论文],中国海洋大学博士学位论文,2008
38.李季芳,我国生鲜农产品供应链管理思考[J],中国流通经济,2007(1)：17-19
39.李晋红,美日农产品流通渠道模式比较及对我国的借鉴[J],中国合作经济,2005(5)：61-63
40.李群明、张十廉、王成恩、宋国宁,供应链体系结构的比较研究[J],计算机集成制造系统,2001(6)：15-19
41.李世新等,供应链企业合作问题的博弈研究[J],机械工程学报,2003(2)：123-128
42.李松庆,我国物流基础设施的建设策略分析[J],商业研究,2006(4)：168-170
43.李晓锦、范秀荣,农产品物流体系的规制及其专业化发展[J],农业经济问题,2006(8)：43-46
44.李岩、傅泽田、刘雪,农产品供应链管理问题初探[J],农村经济,2008(3)：39-41.
45.栗东生、张翠华、黄小原,供应链网结构特性及其模型[J],合成纤维工业,2000(1)：39-42
46.刘东英,农产品现代物流研究框架的试构建[J],中国农村经济,2005(7)：64-70
47.刘丽文,供应链管理思想及其理论和方法的发展过程[J],管理科学学报,2003(2)：82-88
48.刘石勇等,农产品流通体系建设中的缺陷及其完善对策[J],中国农村经济,1998(4)：29-32
49.卢震、黄小原,具有不确定性需求的供应链牛鞭效应的随机控制[J],东北大学学报,自然科学版,2003(4)：393-396
50.鲁耀斌、杨光明、杨敏刁,供应链管理中不确定性的来源、表现及应对策略[J],科技进步理论与管理,2004(4)：87-89
51.马士华、王圣广,供应链拓扑结构模型研究[J],《工业工程与管理》,1999(2)：33-36
52.穆东,供应链系统的复杂性构成分析[J],中国流通经济,2006(8)：10-14
53.潘劲,农产品行业协会的治理机制分析[J],中国农村观察,2005(5)：41-52
54.彭怡、朱金福.供应链定位策略的集成与优化[J],《企业经济》,2005(12)：78-80
55.邱春龙,信息技术在集成供应链管理中的应用[J],《漳州职业技术学院学报》,2006(2)：13-15
56.任守集、柴跃廷,敏捷供应链的管理与决策问题[J],信息与控制,1999,28(5)：321-326
57.邵征翌,中国水产品质量安全管理战略研究[博十学位论文],中国海洋大学博士学位论文,2007
58.沈厚才、陶青、陈煜波,供应链管理理论与方法[J],中国管理科学,2000(3)：1-8
59.孙凤,中国居民的不确定性分析[J],中国经济问题,2002(2)：58-62
60.孙会君、高自友,供应链分销系统双层优化模型[J],管理科学学报,2003(3)：66-70
61.谭涛、朱毅华,农产品供应链组织模式研究[J],现代经济探讨,2004(5)：24-27
62.田青,离散制造企业物流网络设计方法研究[M],天津：天津大学,2005
63.汪浩瀚,转型期中国居民消费的不确定性分析[D],首都经济贸易大学博士论文,2006
64.王丰、季建华、黄培清,供应链管理及其结构与网络的应用[J],《上海交通大学学报(社科版)》,2001(1)：30-33
65.王金河,农产品流通供应链管理新模式探讨[J],农业经济,2008(1)：81-82
66.王金河,农产品流通供应链管理新模式探讨[J],农业经济,2008(1)：81-82
67.王龙贵,从水产品出口遭遇“孔雀石绿”风波引发的思考,中国检验检疫,2006(1)
68.王圣广、马士华.供应链的拓展应用研究[J],《南开管理评论》,1999(6)：69-72
69.王鑫、沈蕾,我国淡水产品的供应链变化及其未来发展思考,《科技咨询导报》[J],2007(28)：153
70.王迎军,顾客需求驱动的供应链契约问题综述[J],《管理科学学报》,2005(2)：68-76
71.王迎军,顾客需求驱动的供应链契约问题综述[J],管理科学学报,2005,8(2)：68-76
72.王玉霞,鲜活农产品流通模式的国际比较及其借鉴[J],商场现代化,2008(4)：50-51
73.吴国华、潘德惠,顾客购买行为影响因素分析及重购概率的预测[J],管理工程学报,2005(1)：104-106
74.吴涛、李必强、海峰,供应链集成的新思路：管理界面集成[J],中国管理科学,2003(3)：36-41
75.吴维宁、卢卫平,美国国家渔业信息网络建设及其启示,中国水产,2005(6)：33-34
76.武汉市农业局：《武汉农业》,2000-2009年
77.夏英等,食品安全保障：从质量标准体系到供应链综合管理[J],农业经济问题,2001(11)：59-62
78.谢如鹤,我国冷藏食品运输的现状[J],中国食品工业,2005(1)：40-41
79.谢如鹤、韩伯领,国内外冷藏食品物流的现状[J],中国储运,2004(6)：16-18.
80.徐贤浩、马十华,供应链网络结构模型中多级库存控制模型[J],《华中理工大学学报》,1998,26(7)：68-70
81.徐旭初,中国农民专业合作经济组织的制度分析[M],经济科学出版社,2005,第1版：5
82.许立军,需求不确定下的供应链协调研究[博士学位论文],清华大学博士学位论文,2002
83.薛岭、蒋馥,供应链的模式与协调问题研究[J],系统工程理论方法应用,1998(3)：33-38
84.杨浩等,零售企业主导型供应链的管理特征研究[J],财贸研究,2004(6)：32
85.杨为民,农产品供应链一体化模式初探[J],农村经济,2007(6)：33-35
86.杨正勇、史君英,我国水产品质量安全问题的经济学分析[J],中国渔业经济,2000(4)
87.姚建明、周国华,大规模定制模式下供应链计划调度优化分析[J],管理科学学报,2003(5)：58-64
88.俞菊生,日本的农产品物流和批发市场[J],上海农村经济,2003(4)：43-44
89.袁文芳,发展湖北省水产加工业的对策与建议[J],中国水产,2001(7)：19-23
90.袁文芳,湖北省水产品市场现状及对策[J],中国渔业经济,2001(10)：37-38
91.张翠华、黄小原,具有柔性的供应链模型优化问题及其应用[J],《东北大学学报》,2002,23(4)341-344
92.张存禄,基于风险控制的供应链结构优化研究[J],《上海交通大学学报》,2005(3)
93.张德化、汪上,发达国家农产品流通组织的比较与启示[J],北方经贸,2005(4)：40-42
94.张海涛、王锋等,基于可追溯系统的水产品供应链结构优化机制及管理模式,《中国渔业经济》[J],2008(6)：51
95.张慧颖,不确定需求下的供应链库存协调管理研究[D],天津大学博士学位论文,2003
96.张青山、田庆军,企业供应链的结构类型研究[J],商业研究,2002,5(2)：80-81
97.张耀刚、霍钥丽,政府与市场行为的双重结合-美国食品安全监督工具的选择及对我们的启示[J],浙江大学食品质量安全研讨会论文集,2003
98.中国统计出版社：《湖北省农村统计年鉴》,1997-2009年
99.周应恒,食品安全：消费者态度、购买意向及信息的影响[J],中国农村经济,2004(11)
100.朱九龙、陶晓燕、王世军,供应链中的“牛鞭效应”研究[J],商业研究,2004(23)
101.朱毅华、王凯,农产品供应链整合绩效实证研究一以江苏地区为例[J],南京农业大学学报(社会科学版),2004(2)
102.庄品,供应链协调机制研究[博士学位论文],南京航空航天大学博士学位论文,2004
103.5imchi-Levi D,Kaminsky P,Simchi-Levi E.Designing and Managing the Supply ChainrConcepts, Strategies, and Cases studies [M].New York:McGraw-Hill,2001.
104. Anonymous.Supply Chain Reliability[J].Chain Store Age.2004.7:61-62.
105.Anshuman Gupta and Costas D.Maranas.Managing demand uncertainty in supply chain planning[J].Computers & Chemical Engineering,2003,27(9):1219-1227.
106. B.M.Beamon, Supply Chain Design and Analysis:Models and method[J]. International Journal of Production Economics,1998(55):281-294.
107. Banker R D,Charnes A and Cooper W W.Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis.Management Science.1984.9:1078-1092.
108. Bates,Robert H.,Market and State in Tropical Africa.The Political Basis of Agricultural Policy,Berkeley:University of California Press.1981.
109. Beeaman B M.Designing the green supply chain[U]Logistics information management.1999,12 (4):332-342.
110. Brian Fynes,Se6n de Burca and Donna Marshall.Environmental Uncertainty,supply chain relationship quality and performance[J]. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management,2004, 10(4-5):179-190.
111. Charnes A,Cooper W W and Rhodes E.Measring the efficiency of decision making units.European Journal of Operational Reasearch.1978.2:429-444.
112. Charnes A,Cooper W W and Wei Q L.A semi-infinite multicriteria programming approach to data envelopment analysis with many decision-making units.Center for Cybernetic Studies Report. CCS.1986.9.
113. Charnes A,Cooper W W,Golary B,Seiford L M and Stutz J.Foundation of data envelopment analysis for parero-koopmans efficient empirical production functions.Journal of Econometrics. 1985.30:91-107.
114. Charnes A,Cooper W W,Seiford L.Lawrence M and Stutz J.Invariant multiplicative efficiency and piecewise Cobb-Douglas envelopment.Operations Research Letter.1983.2:38-49.
115. Charnes A,Cooper W W,Wei Q L and Huang Z M.Cone ratio data envelopment anlysis and multi-objective programming.International Journal of Systems Science.1989.07(20):1099-1118.
116. Charnes A, Cooper W W, Wei Q L and Huang Z W.Cone ratio data envelopment analysis and multi-objective programming.International Journal of Systems Science,1989,20,(7):1099-1118
117. Cooper M.C.,Lambert D.M.and Pagh J.D..Supply Chain management:more than a new name for logistics Management[M].1997,8(1):1-13.
118. CraigR.Carter.Purchasingand Social Responsibility:A Replication and Extension[J].Journal of Supply Chain Management.2004(40):4.
119. Dave U,Pandya B.Inventory Returns and Special Sales in a lot-size System with Constant Rate of Deterioration.European Journal of Operational Research,1985(19):305-312.
120. David Frederick Ross. Competing Through Supply Chain Management[M]. Springer,1998.1.
121. Davis T. Effective Supply Chain Management[J]. Management Review,1993(8):35-46.
122. Dorward.A,J.Kydd and C.Poulton.Smallholder Cash Crop Production under Market Liberalisation:A New Institutional Economics Perspective,Wallingford and New York:CAB International.1998.
123. ElizabethA Williamson,David K Harrison,Mike Jordan.Information Systems Development within Supply Chain Management[J].International Journal of Information Management,2004,24:375-385.
124. Fare R and Crosskopf S.A nonparametric cost approach to scale efficiency. Journal of Economics.1985.87:594-604.
125. Forrester,J.w.Industrial dynamics[J].MIT Press,Cambridge,MA,1961.
126. Fox M S, Chionglo J F,Barbuceanu M. The Integrated Supply Chain Management System[D]. Toronto University of Toronto,1993.
127. Ganeshan,R.,T.P.Harrison. An Introduction to Spply Chain Management[M]. Working Paper,1997.
128. GanshanR.,etal,An introduction to supply management,Penn State University.http://slmaril. smeal.psu.edulmisclsupply-chain-intro.html
129. Gilbert,S.Green supply chain:enhancing competitiveness through green productivetity [M]. Tapei. Taiwan.2001:1-6.
130. Grosh,Bardara,Contract Farming in Africa:An Application of New Institutional Economics,Journal of African Economies,1994.02(3):231-261.
131.Higgins V.,Dibden J.and Cocklin C.Building alternative agri-food networks:Certification, embeddedness and agri-environmental governance [J]. Journal of Rural Studies.2007.7.
132. Hofbarer J, SiSCMMund K.Evolutionary games and population dynamics[M]. Cambridge university press.1998.78-85.
133. Hopkins,Raymond F.,Notes on Agriculture and State,in P.C.Timmer ed.,Agriculture and State:Growth,Employment,and Poverty in Developing Countries,Ithca:Cornell University Press. 1991.
134. Huang Z M and Li S X.Dominance stochastic model in data envelopment anlysis.European Journal of Operational Reasearch.1996.95:390-403.
135. Hugbes J, Ralf M, Michels B. Transform Your Supply Chain-Releasing Value in Business[M]. Theomson Business Press,1998.
136. Hunt I., Wall B.and Jadgev H.Applying the concepts of extended products and extended enterprises to support the activities of dynamic supply networks in the agri-food industry[J].Journal of Food Engineering.2005.10.
137. James C.Johnson,Donald F.Wood.Contemporary Logistics[M].Macmillan Pub Co,1996.1.
138. Jang Yang-Ja Jang Seong-Yong ChangByung-Mann, et al. A combined model of networkdesign and production/distribution planning for a supply network. Computers and Industrial Engineering,2002,43(1):263-281.
139. Joseph Sarkis.Theory and Methodology Evaluating environmental Conscious business practicees[J].European Journal of Operational Research,1998.07:159-174.
140. Kherallah,M.,C.Delgade,E.Gabre-Madhin,N.Minot and M.Johnson,Reforming Agricultural Markets in Africa,Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press.2002.
141. Krueger,Anne O.,The Political Economy of Agricultural Pricing Policy,Baltimore and London:The Johns Hopkins University Press.1992.05.
142. Lamber D.M.,Cooper M.C.,Pagh J.D..Supply Chain management implementation issues and research opportunities[J].Internation Journal of Logistics Management,1998,9(2):1-19.
143. Land K C,Lovell C A K and Thore S.Chance constrained data envelopment analysis.Managerial and Decision Economics.1993.14:117-129.
144. Lee H L.Information Sharing in a Supply Chain.International Journal of Technology Management.2000.20(3).
145. Martin Christopher.Logistics and Supply Chain Management[M].London:Pearson Education Limited,1992.
146. Mubarik Ali, Dynamics of Vegetable Production, Distribution and Consumption in Asia, Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center[J],2000.
147. Nagurney,A.,Dong,J.,Zhang,D..A supply chain network equilibrium model[J]. Transportation Research Part E,2002,47(7):966-978.
148. Ohbyung Kwon,Ghi Paullm and Kun Chang Lee. MACE-SCM:Amulti-agent and casebased reasoning collaboration mechanism for supply chain management under supply and demand uncertainties[J].Expert Systems with Applications,2007,33(3):690-705.
149. Ozernoy V M.Choosing the "best" multiple criteria decision-making method[J]. INFOR.1992(30):159-171.
150. Ram Ganeshan,Managing supply chain inventories:A multiple retail,one warehouse, multiple supplier model[J].International Journal of Production Economies,1999,59(3):341-354.
151. Ribot,Jesse C,Theorizing Access:Forest Profits along Senegal's Charcoal Commodity Chain, Development and Change,1998.29:307-341.
152. S.Nahmias, Perishable Inventory Theory:A review.Operations Research,1982.30(4):680-708.
153. ScottD.Johnson.Identification and selectiono fenvironmental performance indictors:application of the balanced scorecard approach[J]. Corporate Environmental Strategy,1998.05(4):34-41.
154. Seiford L M and Thrall R M.Recent development in DEA.The mathematical programming approach to frontier analysis.Journal of Econometrics.1990.46:7-38.
155. Sengupta J K.Data envelopment analysis for efficiency measurement in the stochastic case.Computers and Operations Research,1987.14:541-554.
156. Shiue Y.C.An Inventory Model for Perishable Items in a lot-size System with Quantity Discounts.European Journal of Operational Research,1990(45):260-264.
157. Steve Lippmann.Supply chain environmental management:elements for success[J].Environmental management.1999.06(2):175-182.
158. Stewart T J.A critical survey on the status of multiple criteria decision making theory and practice[J].OMEGA.1992(20):569-586.
159. Towill,D.R.Supply chain dynamics[J].International journal of Computer Integrated manufacturing,1991,4(4):197-208.
160. V.Gigch, J.P System.Design Modeling and M eta modeling.New York:NY:Plenum Press,1991:52.
161. Wei Q L,Zhang J and Zhang X.An inverse DEA model for input/output estimate.European Journal of Operational Reasearch.2000.121:151-163.
162. Wout J.Hofman.Information and Communication Technology(ICT)for Food and Agribusiness.Chain management in agribusiness and the food industry.Proceedings of the fourth international conference,2000:599-608.
163. Zsidisin,G.A,Siferd,S.P.Environmental purchasing:a framework for theory development[J]. European Journal of purchasing&Supply management,2001.07.61-73.