双路供电集成电源的研究与开发
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摘要
电力用户对电能质量的要求日益提高,电压暂降对用户造成的巨大经济损失,已经成为电能质量问题中最亟待解决的问题之一;通常而言,为保证重要用户的可靠供电,对供电要求较高的企业、机关、楼宇,均采用相对独立的双路供电系统。
本论文提出了一种基于双路供电的电压暂降减缓措施,即双路供电集成电源(IPS)。系统地阐述了装置工作原理和各个组成部分。完成了在线式IPS装置的主电路和控制电路的设计工作。对于电压和电流的检测算法,论文在比较各种算法的优缺点后选用了基于瞬时无功功率理论的d-q分解法和电压有效值法。逆变器采用基于SPWM的调制方式,为了达到提高直流电压利用率的目的,针对三相三线制负载采用了完备PWM调整方式。控制算法中加入的PID调节器使装置的输出一直稳定在额定电压。所有这些控制算法都通过仿真计算进行了验证,并在样机上进行了实验。
论文利用研制的工业样机进行了静态电压偏差、短时中断、一路电源发生电压暂降、两路电源同时发生电压暂降等电能质量问题的实验。实验证明,装置可以很好地解决上述电能质量问题,达到了预期的目标。
The demand of high power quality for electric consumer is increasing in nowadays IT society. The economy losses caused by the voltage sags have become one of the main culprits in the power quality problems which should be settled. Usually, the relatively independent duplex feeding system is adopted to meet the need of the high power quality standard in the power supply of enterprises, departments and buildings.
A measure to reduce voltage sags based on duplex feeding system is put forward in this paper, that is, duplex feeding integrated power system. The operation principle of the equipment and its main sections are systematically stated. The main circuit of on-line IPS equipment and the control circuit have been designed. For the detection method to voltage and current, d-q analyzing method based on instantaneous reactive power-theory and voltage RMS method are selected in this paper after comparing the advantages and disadvantages of every method currently. The modulation mode, SPWM, was introduced in the inverter. In order to improve DC voltage utilization efficiency, compact PWM modulation mode is adopted to three-phase, three-wire load. PID adjustment enables output voltage close to rated voltage stably. All of control arithmatics were validated by simulation and experiment on sample machine.
Power quality problems about voltage deviation, dynamic voltage sags, voltage sags occurred on one feeding and voltage sags occurred on duplex feeding simultaneously, etc were experimented on sample machine. It was proved that the equipment, IPS, can efficiently solve above problems and meet expected object.
本论文提出了一种基于双路供电的电压暂降减缓措施,即双路供电集成电源(IPS)。系统地阐述了装置工作原理和各个组成部分。完成了在线式IPS装置的主电路和控制电路的设计工作。对于电压和电流的检测算法,论文在比较各种算法的优缺点后选用了基于瞬时无功功率理论的d-q分解法和电压有效值法。逆变器采用基于SPWM的调制方式,为了达到提高直流电压利用率的目的,针对三相三线制负载采用了完备PWM调整方式。控制算法中加入的PID调节器使装置的输出一直稳定在额定电压。所有这些控制算法都通过仿真计算进行了验证,并在样机上进行了实验。
论文利用研制的工业样机进行了静态电压偏差、短时中断、一路电源发生电压暂降、两路电源同时发生电压暂降等电能质量问题的实验。实验证明,装置可以很好地解决上述电能质量问题,达到了预期的目标。
The demand of high power quality for electric consumer is increasing in nowadays IT society. The economy losses caused by the voltage sags have become one of the main culprits in the power quality problems which should be settled. Usually, the relatively independent duplex feeding system is adopted to meet the need of the high power quality standard in the power supply of enterprises, departments and buildings.
A measure to reduce voltage sags based on duplex feeding system is put forward in this paper, that is, duplex feeding integrated power system. The operation principle of the equipment and its main sections are systematically stated. The main circuit of on-line IPS equipment and the control circuit have been designed. For the detection method to voltage and current, d-q analyzing method based on instantaneous reactive power-theory and voltage RMS method are selected in this paper after comparing the advantages and disadvantages of every method currently. The modulation mode, SPWM, was introduced in the inverter. In order to improve DC voltage utilization efficiency, compact PWM modulation mode is adopted to three-phase, three-wire load. PID adjustment enables output voltage close to rated voltage stably. All of control arithmatics were validated by simulation and experiment on sample machine.
Power quality problems about voltage deviation, dynamic voltage sags, voltage sags occurred on one feeding and voltage sags occurred on duplex feeding simultaneously, etc were experimented on sample machine. It was proved that the equipment, IPS, can efficiently solve above problems and meet expected object.
引文
[1]. 肖湘宁,韩民晓,徐永海,文 俊,徐明荣,电能质量分析与控制.中国电力出版社,2004 年 2 月
[2]. 林海雪,现代电能质量的基本问题[J].电网技术,2001,25(10):5-12
[3]. 林海雪,论电能质量标准[J],中国电力.1997,3(30):7-10
[4]. 肖遥,李澍森,供电系统的电压下凹[J].电网技术,2001,25(1):73-77
[5]. 李妍,配电网络电压凹陷及相关电能质量问题研究:[博士学位论文]华中理工大学,2005 年 8 月
[6]. J.L. Duran-Gomez, P.N. Enjeti, B.O. Woo. Effect of voltage sags on adjustable-speed drives: A critical evaluation and an approach to improve performance. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1999, 35(6): 1440-1449
[7]. M. H.J. Bollen, L.D. Zhang. Analysis of voltage tolerance of ac adjustable-speed drives for three-phase balanced and unbalanced sags. Conference Record of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference: Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference, May 2-May 6 1999, Sparks, NV, USA
[8]. 郑志萍.供电系统短时电压变动现象的影响及抑制措施[J].水利技术.1999, 5
[9]. Moschakis, M.N., Hatziargyriou, N.D., A detailed model for a thyristor-based static transfer switch [J], Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on, Volume 18, Issue 4, Oct. 2003 Page(s):1442 - 1449
[10]. Gregory, D., Fitzer, C., Barnes, M., The static transfer switch operational considerations [J], Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, 2002. International Conference on (Conf. Publ. No. 487), 4-7 June 2002 Page(s):620 – 625
[11]. Mokhtari, H., Dewan, S.B., Iravani, M.R., Performance evaluation of thyristor based static transfer switch [J], Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, 2001. IEEE, Volume 2, 15-19 July 2001 Page(s):961 vol.2
[12]. Sannino, A., Static transfer switch: analysis of switching conditions and actual transfer time [J], Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, 2001. IEEE, Volume 1, 28 Jan.-1 Feb. 2001 Page(s):120 - 125 vol.1
[13]. 韩民晓,吴娅妮,陈志根,“易于 FPGA 实现的最优移相 PWM 控制策略”,《电力系统自动化》,2004,19。
[14]. L.E. Conrad, M.H.J. Bollen, “Voltage sag coordination for reliableplant operation”, IEEE Trans. On Industrial Application, Vol. 33,pp.1459-1464, 1997
[15]. 肖湘宁,徐永海,刘昊.电压凹陷特征量检测算法研究[J].电力自动化设备,2002,22(1):19-22
[16]. 赵国亮,刘宝志,肖湘宁,等.一种无时延的改进 d-q 变换在动态电压扰动识别中的应用[J].电网技术,2004,28(7):53-57
[17]. 周 晖,齐智平,动态电压恢复器检测方法和补偿策略综述[J].电网技术,2006,30(6):23-29
[18]. 杨亚飞,颜湘武,娄尧林,等.一种新的电压骤降特征量检测方法[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(2):41-44
[19]. 彭春萍,陈允平,孙建军.动态电压恢复器及其检测方法的探讨[J].电力自动化设备,2003,23(1):68-71
[20]. 冯小明,杨仁刚.动态电压恢复器的形态学—dq 变换综合检测算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(11):193-198
[21]. 雷宪章,D. Retzmann, M. Weinhold, 利用电能质量调节器改善配电网络的电能质量,电网技术,2000,24(8):8-12
[22]. N.H.Woodley, L.Morgan,A.Sundaram. Experience with An Inverter-Based Dynamic Voltage Restorer[J],IEEE Trans. On Power Delivery, 1999,14(3): 1181-118
[23]. 赵剑锋,蒋平,唐国庆,基于电压型逆变器的可连续运行的动态电压恢复器(UDVR)的研究[J],电工技术学报,2002,17(3):88-92
[24]. 许道飞,基于 DSP 的在线式 UPS 数字化控制技术:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江大学电力工程学院,2003
[25]. 韩民晓,尤勇,刘昊,线电压补偿型动态电压调节器(DVR)的原理与实现,中国电机工程学报,2003,12(23):49-53
[26]. 韩民晓,吴娅妮,陈志根,“易于 FPGA 实现的最优移相 PWM 控制策略”,电力系统自动化,2004,19
[27]. TMS320 C24x DSP Controllers Reference Set, USA: Texas Instruments, 1997
[28]. 章云,谢莉评,熊红艳,DSP 控制器及其应用,机械工业出版,2001 年 8 月。
[29]. 刘和平,严利平,张学锋,卓清锋.TMS320LF240XDSP 结构、原理及应用,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002 年 4 月
[30]. 李奇睿.基于超级电容器的统一电能质量调节器的研发:[硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学电力工程学院,2004
[31]. 杜云龙. VSI型电力扰动发生装置的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学电力工程学院,2005
[2]. 林海雪,现代电能质量的基本问题[J].电网技术,2001,25(10):5-12
[3]. 林海雪,论电能质量标准[J],中国电力.1997,3(30):7-10
[4]. 肖遥,李澍森,供电系统的电压下凹[J].电网技术,2001,25(1):73-77
[5]. 李妍,配电网络电压凹陷及相关电能质量问题研究:[博士学位论文]华中理工大学,2005 年 8 月
[6]. J.L. Duran-Gomez, P.N. Enjeti, B.O. Woo. Effect of voltage sags on adjustable-speed drives: A critical evaluation and an approach to improve performance. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1999, 35(6): 1440-1449
[7]. M. H.J. Bollen, L.D. Zhang. Analysis of voltage tolerance of ac adjustable-speed drives for three-phase balanced and unbalanced sags. Conference Record of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference: Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference, May 2-May 6 1999, Sparks, NV, USA
[8]. 郑志萍.供电系统短时电压变动现象的影响及抑制措施[J].水利技术.1999, 5
[9]. Moschakis, M.N., Hatziargyriou, N.D., A detailed model for a thyristor-based static transfer switch [J], Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on, Volume 18, Issue 4, Oct. 2003 Page(s):1442 - 1449
[10]. Gregory, D., Fitzer, C., Barnes, M., The static transfer switch operational considerations [J], Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, 2002. International Conference on (Conf. Publ. No. 487), 4-7 June 2002 Page(s):620 – 625
[11]. Mokhtari, H., Dewan, S.B., Iravani, M.R., Performance evaluation of thyristor based static transfer switch [J], Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, 2001. IEEE, Volume 2, 15-19 July 2001 Page(s):961 vol.2
[12]. Sannino, A., Static transfer switch: analysis of switching conditions and actual transfer time [J], Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, 2001. IEEE, Volume 1, 28 Jan.-1 Feb. 2001 Page(s):120 - 125 vol.1
[13]. 韩民晓,吴娅妮,陈志根,“易于 FPGA 实现的最优移相 PWM 控制策略”,《电力系统自动化》,2004,19。
[14]. L.E. Conrad, M.H.J. Bollen, “Voltage sag coordination for reliableplant operation”, IEEE Trans. On Industrial Application, Vol. 33,pp.1459-1464, 1997
[15]. 肖湘宁,徐永海,刘昊.电压凹陷特征量检测算法研究[J].电力自动化设备,2002,22(1):19-22
[16]. 赵国亮,刘宝志,肖湘宁,等.一种无时延的改进 d-q 变换在动态电压扰动识别中的应用[J].电网技术,2004,28(7):53-57
[17]. 周 晖,齐智平,动态电压恢复器检测方法和补偿策略综述[J].电网技术,2006,30(6):23-29
[18]. 杨亚飞,颜湘武,娄尧林,等.一种新的电压骤降特征量检测方法[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(2):41-44
[19]. 彭春萍,陈允平,孙建军.动态电压恢复器及其检测方法的探讨[J].电力自动化设备,2003,23(1):68-71
[20]. 冯小明,杨仁刚.动态电压恢复器的形态学—dq 变换综合检测算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(11):193-198
[21]. 雷宪章,D. Retzmann, M. Weinhold, 利用电能质量调节器改善配电网络的电能质量,电网技术,2000,24(8):8-12
[22]. N.H.Woodley, L.Morgan,A.Sundaram. Experience with An Inverter-Based Dynamic Voltage Restorer[J],IEEE Trans. On Power Delivery, 1999,14(3): 1181-118
[23]. 赵剑锋,蒋平,唐国庆,基于电压型逆变器的可连续运行的动态电压恢复器(UDVR)的研究[J],电工技术学报,2002,17(3):88-92
[24]. 许道飞,基于 DSP 的在线式 UPS 数字化控制技术:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江大学电力工程学院,2003
[25]. 韩民晓,尤勇,刘昊,线电压补偿型动态电压调节器(DVR)的原理与实现,中国电机工程学报,2003,12(23):49-53
[26]. 韩民晓,吴娅妮,陈志根,“易于 FPGA 实现的最优移相 PWM 控制策略”,电力系统自动化,2004,19
[27]. TMS320 C24x DSP Controllers Reference Set, USA: Texas Instruments, 1997
[28]. 章云,谢莉评,熊红艳,DSP 控制器及其应用,机械工业出版,2001 年 8 月。
[29]. 刘和平,严利平,张学锋,卓清锋.TMS320LF240XDSP 结构、原理及应用,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002 年 4 月
[30]. 李奇睿.基于超级电容器的统一电能质量调节器的研发:[硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学电力工程学院,2004
[31]. 杜云龙. VSI型电力扰动发生装置的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学电力工程学院,2005