《颜氏家训》中的家庭教育思想研究
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摘要
颜之推所著《颜氏家训》既是我国古代社会宗族门内训导后世子孙的实践蓝本,也是古代家庭教育理论第一次全面而系统的阐发,从而在中国教育历史上产生着深刻而久远的影响。它是我们了解和研究古代家庭教育思想所不可或缺的经典文献。秉承我国历史上家庭教育的优良传统,研究《颜氏家训》中的家庭教育思想,探寻其至今仍足可借鉴的思想精髓,是构建现代社会家庭教育理论与实践体系的需要。
本文基于对《颜氏家训》成书之时代背景和思想根源的分析,尝试从其教子论、修身论、治家论、学习论等四个方面,全面梳理和展示颜之推关于家庭教育的基本主张和思想体系,并对于其在我国家庭教育史上的地位和影响作出合理
的评判。全文包括四个部分:绪论:
介绍颜之推个人生平以及《颜氏家训》一书的基本内容体系,并初步交代现代学者特别是教育学领域对于本书思想的研究现状。
第一部分:《颜氏家训》家庭教育思想的时代背景及成因首先分析指出《颜氏家训》及其家庭教育思想是我国古代社会素有重视家庭教育之历史传统的必然产物。进而探讨其产生的时代背景以及作者个人的思想根源。
第二部分:《颜氏家训》家庭教育思想的基本内容本部分从颜之推关于家庭教育的特殊性认识以及家庭教育实践原则的论述中,揭示《颜氏家训》的教子论。从颜之推对于颜氏宗族子弟如何在家庭生活和社会生活中待人接物、自立于世,以及他劝诫子弟如何求学、近贤、读书、作文等的循循教导中,探讨本书中关于修身、治家、学习的家庭教育思想。
第三部分《颜氏家训》及其家庭教育思想的历史地位与影响
本部分从《颜氏家训》家庭教育思想内容的系统性与丰富性,以及在我国教育乃至世界家庭教育思想史上的影响等方面,对其历史地位作出一种客观的评判。
Admonitions of the Yan Family by Yan Zhitui was not only the blue print that patriarchal clan admonished the later generation descendants' practice int he old days , butalso was the home education theory which had elucidated all-round and systematically for the first time, so it has been influncing deeply and remotely on Chinese educational history. It is a classical document that we know and study the home education in the ancient times .Based on our fine home traditional education in history ,we must study Admonitions of the Yan Family and inquire after it's the thought marrow being enough to draw lessons so far, which is the need to construct our modern society home education theory and practical system.
The main body of this text is to analyse the basic ideology and thought system according to the background and the thought origin which Admonitions of the Yan Family was finished .The whole text is divided into four aspects: ,Introduction. This part introduces Yan Zhitui’s individual biography as well as the basic content system of Admonitions of the Yan Family, and put forward the research condition of modern scholar ,especially the pedagogist at present.
The first part, this part illurstrates the historical background and causes when Admonitions of the Yan Family was written. First the author points out that Admonitions of the Yan Family was an inexorable result of paying attention to home education thought was.Then the author discusses the time background as well as Yan’s individual thought root which it produced.
The second part , this part introduces the basic contents of Admonitions of the Yan Family. This part pushes of Yan Zhitui’s arguments about the home education ,particular understanding in the home education practice principle , so as to promulgate the child-tearing theory of Admonitions of the Yan Famil. It mainly points out how Yan Zhitui taught his children to treat people, support themselves to the world, as well as how he admonished the juniors to study, to be near virtuously ,to cultivate mental character , to manage a household , to card all round in the family life and the social life,and so on..
The third part,this part draws the conclusion of how Yan Zhitui,showed fundamental view and ideological system that Yan Zhitui,deduced about home education and made rational decision to whose position and effect going ahead in our country home education history.
本文基于对《颜氏家训》成书之时代背景和思想根源的分析,尝试从其教子论、修身论、治家论、学习论等四个方面,全面梳理和展示颜之推关于家庭教育的基本主张和思想体系,并对于其在我国家庭教育史上的地位和影响作出合理
的评判。全文包括四个部分:绪论:
介绍颜之推个人生平以及《颜氏家训》一书的基本内容体系,并初步交代现代学者特别是教育学领域对于本书思想的研究现状。
第一部分:《颜氏家训》家庭教育思想的时代背景及成因首先分析指出《颜氏家训》及其家庭教育思想是我国古代社会素有重视家庭教育之历史传统的必然产物。进而探讨其产生的时代背景以及作者个人的思想根源。
第二部分:《颜氏家训》家庭教育思想的基本内容本部分从颜之推关于家庭教育的特殊性认识以及家庭教育实践原则的论述中,揭示《颜氏家训》的教子论。从颜之推对于颜氏宗族子弟如何在家庭生活和社会生活中待人接物、自立于世,以及他劝诫子弟如何求学、近贤、读书、作文等的循循教导中,探讨本书中关于修身、治家、学习的家庭教育思想。
第三部分《颜氏家训》及其家庭教育思想的历史地位与影响
本部分从《颜氏家训》家庭教育思想内容的系统性与丰富性,以及在我国教育乃至世界家庭教育思想史上的影响等方面,对其历史地位作出一种客观的评判。
Admonitions of the Yan Family by Yan Zhitui was not only the blue print that patriarchal clan admonished the later generation descendants' practice int he old days , butalso was the home education theory which had elucidated all-round and systematically for the first time, so it has been influncing deeply and remotely on Chinese educational history. It is a classical document that we know and study the home education in the ancient times .Based on our fine home traditional education in history ,we must study Admonitions of the Yan Family and inquire after it's the thought marrow being enough to draw lessons so far, which is the need to construct our modern society home education theory and practical system.
The main body of this text is to analyse the basic ideology and thought system according to the background and the thought origin which Admonitions of the Yan Family was finished .The whole text is divided into four aspects: ,Introduction. This part introduces Yan Zhitui’s individual biography as well as the basic content system of Admonitions of the Yan Family, and put forward the research condition of modern scholar ,especially the pedagogist at present.
The first part, this part illurstrates the historical background and causes when Admonitions of the Yan Family was written. First the author points out that Admonitions of the Yan Family was an inexorable result of paying attention to home education thought was.Then the author discusses the time background as well as Yan’s individual thought root which it produced.
The second part , this part introduces the basic contents of Admonitions of the Yan Family. This part pushes of Yan Zhitui’s arguments about the home education ,particular understanding in the home education practice principle , so as to promulgate the child-tearing theory of Admonitions of the Yan Famil. It mainly points out how Yan Zhitui taught his children to treat people, support themselves to the world, as well as how he admonished the juniors to study, to be near virtuously ,to cultivate mental character , to manage a household , to card all round in the family life and the social life,and so on..
The third part,this part draws the conclusion of how Yan Zhitui,showed fundamental view and ideological system that Yan Zhitui,deduced about home education and made rational decision to whose position and effect going ahead in our country home education history.
引文
[1]颜之推.颜之推全集·译注[M].张霭堂译注.济南:齐鲁出版社,2004:10.
[2][3] [20] [22] [30] [31][32] [33][34]颜之推.颜氏家训·序致[M].曹惠民注译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2003.(以下凡引此书均只注书名及篇名).
[4]马镛著.中国家庭教育史[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社,1997:129.
[5]鲁迅.准风月谈·我们怎样教育儿童的[A].鲁迅著作全编·第 2 卷[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,1999:577.
[6]杜正胜.编户齐民—传统的家族与家庭[M].台北:台北联经出版事业公司,1990.
[7]论语·学而[M].
[8]大学.<十三经注疏>本[M],北京:中华书局影印,第 2514 页。
[9]中国丛书综录[M],上海图书馆编,北京:中华书局,1959—1962。
[11][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65]颜氏家训·止足[M].
[12] (唐)姚思廉.梁书·文学传[M].北京:中华书局,2003-9-1.
[13][16] [36] [37] [48] [49] [52][53] [54][68][69] [70] [71][72][73][74]
[76][78][79][81][86][89][90][82][92]颜氏家训·勉学[M].
[14][19][57]颜氏家训·养生[M].
[15][18]颜氏家训·归心[M].
[17] 颜之推.颜之推全集·观我生赋[M].张堂译注.济南:齐鲁出版社,2004:338.
[21]毛泽东.矛盾论[A].毛泽东选集[M],北京:人民出版社,1966:283.
[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][43][44][45][46][55][56]颜氏家训·教子[M].
[35][39][41]颜氏家训·慕贤[M].
[38]颜氏家训·音辞[M].
[40]颜氏家训·治家[M].
[42]墨子??所染[A].墨子间诂[M].孙诒让注.北京:中华书局,1986.
[47]袁采.袁氏家范·父母爱子贵均[M].
[50][51]颜氏家训·兄弟[M].
[66][67]颜氏家训·终制[M].
[75][77][87][88]颜氏家训·涉务[M].
[80][91]颜氏家训·文章[M].
[83][84][85]颜氏家训·省事[M].
[93]范文澜.中国通史简编(第 2 册)[M],北京:人民出版社,1978:515.
[94]陈振孙.直隶书录解题[A].影印文渊阁《四库全书》第 674 册[M],台北:台北商务印书馆,1986:714.
[95]王利器.颜氏家训集注[M].附录之各本序跋.上海:上海古籍出版社,1980.
[96]袁衷.<庭帏杂录>卷下[A].从书集成初编(1975)[M].上海:上海商务印书馆,1935-1937:9。
[97]王钺.读书丛残[M].转引自:颜氏家训集解[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1980:1.
[1]颜之推.颜之推全集·译注[M],张霭堂译注.济南:齐鲁出版社,2004.
[2]颜之推.颜氏家训[M].曹惠民注译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2003.
[3]马镛.中国家庭教育史[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社,1997.
[4]鲁迅.鲁迅著作全编·第 2 卷[M],北京:中国社会科学出版社,1999.
[5]杜正胜.编户齐民—传统的家族与家庭[M],台北:台北联经出版事业公司1990.
[7]论语·学而[M].
[8]大学[M].
[9]<十三经注疏>本[M].北京:中华书局影印,1980.
[10]中国丛书综录[M],上海图书馆编,北京:中华书局,1959—1962.
[11](唐)姚思廉.梁书·文学传[M].北京:中华书局,2003.
[12]颜之推.颜之推全集·观我生赋[M].张霭堂译注.济南:齐鲁出版社,2004.
[13]毛泽东.毛泽东选集[M].北京:人民出版社,1966.
[14]《墨子??所染》,孙诒让注:《墨子间诂》[M],北京:中华书局 1986 年版。
[15]袁采.袁氏家范[M].
[16]丛书集成初编本·卷 1[M].北京:商务印书馆,1937。
[17]范文澜.中国通史简编(第 2 册)[M],北京:人民出版社,1978.
[18]陈振孙.直隶书录解题[M]. 影印文渊阁四库全书第 674 册[M],台北:台北商务印书馆,1986.
[19]王利器.颜氏家训集注[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1980.
[20]袁衷.庭帏杂录·卷下[M].
[21]从书集成初编(第 1975 册)[M].上海:上海商务印书馆,1935-1937.
[22]王钺.读书丛残[M].
[23]陈汉才.中国古代幼儿教育史[M].广州:广东高等教育出版社,1996.
[2][3] [20] [22] [30] [31][32] [33][34]颜之推.颜氏家训·序致[M].曹惠民注译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2003.(以下凡引此书均只注书名及篇名).
[4]马镛著.中国家庭教育史[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社,1997:129.
[5]鲁迅.准风月谈·我们怎样教育儿童的[A].鲁迅著作全编·第 2 卷[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,1999:577.
[6]杜正胜.编户齐民—传统的家族与家庭[M].台北:台北联经出版事业公司,1990.
[7]论语·学而[M].
[8]大学.<十三经注疏>本[M],北京:中华书局影印,第 2514 页。
[9]中国丛书综录[M],上海图书馆编,北京:中华书局,1959—1962。
[11][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65]颜氏家训·止足[M].
[12] (唐)姚思廉.梁书·文学传[M].北京:中华书局,2003-9-1.
[13][16] [36] [37] [48] [49] [52][53] [54][68][69] [70] [71][72][73][74]
[76][78][79][81][86][89][90][82][92]颜氏家训·勉学[M].
[14][19][57]颜氏家训·养生[M].
[15][18]颜氏家训·归心[M].
[17] 颜之推.颜之推全集·观我生赋[M].张堂译注.济南:齐鲁出版社,2004:338.
[21]毛泽东.矛盾论[A].毛泽东选集[M],北京:人民出版社,1966:283.
[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][43][44][45][46][55][56]颜氏家训·教子[M].
[35][39][41]颜氏家训·慕贤[M].
[38]颜氏家训·音辞[M].
[40]颜氏家训·治家[M].
[42]墨子??所染[A].墨子间诂[M].孙诒让注.北京:中华书局,1986.
[47]袁采.袁氏家范·父母爱子贵均[M].
[50][51]颜氏家训·兄弟[M].
[66][67]颜氏家训·终制[M].
[75][77][87][88]颜氏家训·涉务[M].
[80][91]颜氏家训·文章[M].
[83][84][85]颜氏家训·省事[M].
[93]范文澜.中国通史简编(第 2 册)[M],北京:人民出版社,1978:515.
[94]陈振孙.直隶书录解题[A].影印文渊阁《四库全书》第 674 册[M],台北:台北商务印书馆,1986:714.
[95]王利器.颜氏家训集注[M].附录之各本序跋.上海:上海古籍出版社,1980.
[96]袁衷.<庭帏杂录>卷下[A].从书集成初编(1975)[M].上海:上海商务印书馆,1935-1937:9。
[97]王钺.读书丛残[M].转引自:颜氏家训集解[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1980:1.
[1]颜之推.颜之推全集·译注[M],张霭堂译注.济南:齐鲁出版社,2004.
[2]颜之推.颜氏家训[M].曹惠民注译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2003.
[3]马镛.中国家庭教育史[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社,1997.
[4]鲁迅.鲁迅著作全编·第 2 卷[M],北京:中国社会科学出版社,1999.
[5]杜正胜.编户齐民—传统的家族与家庭[M],台北:台北联经出版事业公司1990.
[7]论语·学而[M].
[8]大学[M].
[9]<十三经注疏>本[M].北京:中华书局影印,1980.
[10]中国丛书综录[M],上海图书馆编,北京:中华书局,1959—1962.
[11](唐)姚思廉.梁书·文学传[M].北京:中华书局,2003.
[12]颜之推.颜之推全集·观我生赋[M].张霭堂译注.济南:齐鲁出版社,2004.
[13]毛泽东.毛泽东选集[M].北京:人民出版社,1966.
[14]《墨子??所染》,孙诒让注:《墨子间诂》[M],北京:中华书局 1986 年版。
[15]袁采.袁氏家范[M].
[16]丛书集成初编本·卷 1[M].北京:商务印书馆,1937。
[17]范文澜.中国通史简编(第 2 册)[M],北京:人民出版社,1978.
[18]陈振孙.直隶书录解题[M]. 影印文渊阁四库全书第 674 册[M],台北:台北商务印书馆,1986.
[19]王利器.颜氏家训集注[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1980.
[20]袁衷.庭帏杂录·卷下[M].
[21]从书集成初编(第 1975 册)[M].上海:上海商务印书馆,1935-1937.
[22]王钺.读书丛残[M].
[23]陈汉才.中国古代幼儿教育史[M].广州:广东高等教育出版社,1996.