村治精英对农村发展的作用研究
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摘要
中国很长时间以来都是一个以农民为主体的农业大国。尽管当下我国正在全面推进社会主义现代化建设,农业总产值在国内总产值中的比重有所下降,但作为国民经济基础的农业,依然占据影响全国大局的重量级地位。中国是世界上的人口大国,有十三亿人口中,其中九亿人口在农村。农村的发展变化对社会主义现代化建设的全面推进具有举足轻重的影响,“三农”(农业、农村、农民)问题关系党和国家的前途和命运,是我国现代化建设进程中必须解决的重大问题。改革开放以来,党和政府制定了一系列农、惠农的政策,农村经济取得了令人瞩目的发展成就。但是,与城市相比,农村各方面的发展还处于起步阶段,农村基础设施薄弱,农村社会事业发展滞后,农民收入增长缓慢等问题依然很突出。
在这样的背景下,中国广大农村中涌现出一批发展很成功的村庄,这些村庄不仅经济富裕,而且在政治、文化、社会发展方面都取得了成功。通过研究这些村庄,我们发现它们有一个共同的特点就是村内精英参与到村庄的治理过程中,并发挥了重要的作用。
本论文采用实地考察和多方调研相结合,理论和实际相结合,继承和创新相结合等研究方法,来论证村治精英在村庄发展过程中的作用。文章共分为五章,首先介绍村治精英上任以来在村庄经济的成功发展方面做了哪些工作；其次通过村治精英在村级选举、决策、管理等方面做出的努力,论证村治精英对村庄政治发展的作用；第三村治精英在发展农村经济、政治的同时,也加快了村庄文化发展的步伐,推动村级文化向着积极健康的方向发展；第四谈到了村治精英对农村社会发展的作用,分别从社会治安的好转,村容村貌的整洁,村民福利水平的提高,农村卫生事业的发展等方面来论述。最后是本文的结论部分,在前文论述的基础上,分析农村精英愿意从政的原因,并提醒政府认清、把握这一趋势,积极为精英从政创造条件并鼓励精英为农村发展贡献力量。
本文期望通过理论、政策和实践经验相结合的研究,为农村发展提供实践指导,探索建设社会主义新农村的一种可行模式,总结新农村建设可以借鉴的一些经验。
China has always been a big agricultural country with farmers as the main body. Despite the fact that China is comprehensively promoting the socialist modernization drive, agricultural output in the proportion of GDP has declined, as the national economy based on agriculture, the overall situation is still affecting the country occupying the heavyweight position. China's 1.3 billion population, nine hundred million in rural areas. Changes of rural development comprehensively promoting the socialist modernization drive have a significant impact, the "three rural"(agriculture, rural areas and farmers) issues affect the party and the country's future and destiny, which is China's major problems in modernization process must be solved. Since reform and opening, the party and the government formulated a series of policy for stronging and benefiting farmers, the rural economy has made remarkable achievements.However, compared to cities, rural areas of the development is still in its infancy, Weak rural infrastructure, rural social undertakings lags behind, and slow income growth of farmers is still very prominent.
In this context, a number of very successful villages emerged in China's vast rural areas. These villages not only prosperity in ecomy, but also in political, culturaland social development have been successful. By studying these villages, we find that they have a common feature:the village elite participate in village governance process, and play an important role.
In this thesis, research methods is the combination which include field trips and multiple research, theory and reality, inheritance and innovation, to demonstrate the village governance elite's role in the village development process. The article is divided into five chapter, First of all, the elite had done successfully what is in the village economic since he took office; Second, by studying the role of the elite of village government in the village elections, decision-making, and management efforts, demonstrating imporant effect the village elite of village governance in rural political development aspect; the third, the elite of village governance made a imporant role in the development of rural economic and political, but also accelerated the pace of cultural development in villages, promoted cultural of village-level orientation toward positive and healthy development; the fourth, when it comes to the elite of village governance's role in the social development aspect of rural areas, discussing respectively from the improvement of social order, clean and tidy appearance of the village, village capacity, raising the level of village welfare, rural health development and so on. The last chapter is the conclusion, basing on the previous article discussed, analyze the causes of rural elites are willing to participate the villge politics, and remind the government understand and grasp this trend and create actively the conditions for the elite in politics and encourage the elite to contribute in rural development.
This article hope that base on the research in combination of theory、policy and experience, to provide practical guidance in rural development, and explore a viable model of building a new socialist countryside,at the same time, sum up the experience in the new rural construction which we can learn from.
在这样的背景下,中国广大农村中涌现出一批发展很成功的村庄,这些村庄不仅经济富裕,而且在政治、文化、社会发展方面都取得了成功。通过研究这些村庄,我们发现它们有一个共同的特点就是村内精英参与到村庄的治理过程中,并发挥了重要的作用。
本论文采用实地考察和多方调研相结合,理论和实际相结合,继承和创新相结合等研究方法,来论证村治精英在村庄发展过程中的作用。文章共分为五章,首先介绍村治精英上任以来在村庄经济的成功发展方面做了哪些工作；其次通过村治精英在村级选举、决策、管理等方面做出的努力,论证村治精英对村庄政治发展的作用；第三村治精英在发展农村经济、政治的同时,也加快了村庄文化发展的步伐,推动村级文化向着积极健康的方向发展；第四谈到了村治精英对农村社会发展的作用,分别从社会治安的好转,村容村貌的整洁,村民福利水平的提高,农村卫生事业的发展等方面来论述。最后是本文的结论部分,在前文论述的基础上,分析农村精英愿意从政的原因,并提醒政府认清、把握这一趋势,积极为精英从政创造条件并鼓励精英为农村发展贡献力量。
本文期望通过理论、政策和实践经验相结合的研究,为农村发展提供实践指导,探索建设社会主义新农村的一种可行模式,总结新农村建设可以借鉴的一些经验。
China has always been a big agricultural country with farmers as the main body. Despite the fact that China is comprehensively promoting the socialist modernization drive, agricultural output in the proportion of GDP has declined, as the national economy based on agriculture, the overall situation is still affecting the country occupying the heavyweight position. China's 1.3 billion population, nine hundred million in rural areas. Changes of rural development comprehensively promoting the socialist modernization drive have a significant impact, the "three rural"(agriculture, rural areas and farmers) issues affect the party and the country's future and destiny, which is China's major problems in modernization process must be solved. Since reform and opening, the party and the government formulated a series of policy for stronging and benefiting farmers, the rural economy has made remarkable achievements.However, compared to cities, rural areas of the development is still in its infancy, Weak rural infrastructure, rural social undertakings lags behind, and slow income growth of farmers is still very prominent.
In this context, a number of very successful villages emerged in China's vast rural areas. These villages not only prosperity in ecomy, but also in political, culturaland social development have been successful. By studying these villages, we find that they have a common feature:the village elite participate in village governance process, and play an important role.
In this thesis, research methods is the combination which include field trips and multiple research, theory and reality, inheritance and innovation, to demonstrate the village governance elite's role in the village development process. The article is divided into five chapter, First of all, the elite had done successfully what is in the village economic since he took office; Second, by studying the role of the elite of village government in the village elections, decision-making, and management efforts, demonstrating imporant effect the village elite of village governance in rural political development aspect; the third, the elite of village governance made a imporant role in the development of rural economic and political, but also accelerated the pace of cultural development in villages, promoted cultural of village-level orientation toward positive and healthy development; the fourth, when it comes to the elite of village governance's role in the social development aspect of rural areas, discussing respectively from the improvement of social order, clean and tidy appearance of the village, village capacity, raising the level of village welfare, rural health development and so on. The last chapter is the conclusion, basing on the previous article discussed, analyze the causes of rural elites are willing to participate the villge politics, and remind the government understand and grasp this trend and create actively the conditions for the elite in politics and encourage the elite to contribute in rural development.
This article hope that base on the research in combination of theory、policy and experience, to provide practical guidance in rural development, and explore a viable model of building a new socialist countryside,at the same time, sum up the experience in the new rural construction which we can learn from.
引文
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