砌块成型机振动机理的研究
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摘要
本课题是我校机械工程学院表面光整技术研究所与北京瑞图科技发展有限公司合作开发项目,旨在研究砌块成型机的振动压实基本理论及振动参数与砌块密实度之间的关系。其振动成型原理是通过激振电机驱动对称安装在振动台上的偏心块轴,产生激振力使振动台产生所需的振动,由于振动使被压实材料内产生振动冲击。被压实材料的颗粒在振动冲击的作用下,由静止的初始状态过渡到运动状态,被压实材料之间的摩擦力也由初始的静摩擦状态逐渐进入到动摩擦状态,使被振压材料的内部摩擦阻力急剧减小,剪切强度降低,抗压阻力变得很小,增强其“流动性”,因而使物料易于成型和密实,显著提高物料成型的效果。主要内容包括:
     1、振动密实材料的特性及振实基本原理;
     2、砌块强度与密实度的关系;
     3、砌块成型机的振动参数与砌块密实度的关系;
     4、砌块成型机的振动参数设计;
     5、砌块成型机的振动动力学分析及建立力学模型;
     6、通过对模型的的分析计算进行计算机振动仿真,并进一步对振动进行验证与优化;
     7、通过对砌块成型机生产状态下的振动与砌块密实度的试验测试,得出振动系统的最优化参数和对系统设计参数进行验证。
The research is destined to study the basic theory of vibratory compaction and the relation between vibratory compaction parameters and compactness, which is the cooperative project of the Surface Finishing Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering College of our school and Beijing Reit Technology Development Limited Company. The vibratory forming theory is introduced as follows. The vibration, which is obtained through shock excitation electric engines driving tow symmetric wobbler shafts, makes the compacted stuff generate vibratory shock. Under the effect of vibratory shock, the particles of compacted stuff are changed from the static state to motion and the friction forces of particles are changed from breakout friction to dynamic friction, which make the friction, shearing strength and compressive strength of stuff decreased and liquidity of stuff strengthened. As a result, forming and compactness of stuff becomes easy and the effectiveness of forming is improved obviously. My studies concentrate on the following ways:
    1 、 The characteristic of compacted stuff and the basic theory of vibratory compactness.
    2、 The relation between the block strength and compactness.
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