即墨市城郊区食用犬感染犬弓首蛔虫的调查
摘要
目的调查研究山东省即墨市城郊区的食用犬感染犬弓首线虫(Toxocaridaecanis)的感染状况,为治疗和预防犬感染犬弓首线虫提供实验依据。
方法从2008年1月到12月期间,在山东省即墨市城郊区某屠宰厂收回5,919份食用犬的消化道,解剖收集其肠内线虫。根据线虫外型,头部颈翼膜及光镜下虫卵形态特点,鉴定虫种。同时用扫描电镜观察犬弓首线虫头部和尾部超微结构。
结果剖检的5,919头的食用犬中,490头感染犬弓首线虫(8.3%),其虫体感染强度平均为1.6只。一年中7、8、9月份虫体感染率较低,小于2.5%。扫描电镜观察显示,虫体头端三个唇的内缘有一列锯齿状小齿。唇外表面两侧各有一个小孔,背唇外表面有1对大乳突。亚腹唇有大乳突、小乳突和头感器为各一个。雌虫阴门开口于虫体前半部,近圆形,肛门呈横裂状。雄虫有交合刺2根,等长,末端都比较锐,泄殖孔附近的乳突数大约为10对左右。
结论即墨市城郊区食用犬的犬弓首线虫感染率为8.3%,因此对此地区养犬户进行宣传教育,避免儿童亲密接触犬而感染。
Objective To investigate Toxocara canis infection in edible dogs in Jimo, China.
Methods The small intestines of 5,919 dogs were examined after necropsy between January and Nouvember, 2008 at an abattoir in Jimo, China. The collected nematodes were identified in the laboratory after morphological observation of the worms and eggs. Properly treated for scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results Of the 5,919 dogs examined, 490 (8.3%) were infected with T. canis, mean intensity was 1.6.
Conclusion Total 8.3% of edible dogs in vicinities of Jimo were infected with T. canis. The status suggests that toxocariasis may be a possible zoonosis hazard of public health in Jimo, China.
方法从2008年1月到12月期间,在山东省即墨市城郊区某屠宰厂收回5,919份食用犬的消化道,解剖收集其肠内线虫。根据线虫外型,头部颈翼膜及光镜下虫卵形态特点,鉴定虫种。同时用扫描电镜观察犬弓首线虫头部和尾部超微结构。
结果剖检的5,919头的食用犬中,490头感染犬弓首线虫(8.3%),其虫体感染强度平均为1.6只。一年中7、8、9月份虫体感染率较低,小于2.5%。扫描电镜观察显示,虫体头端三个唇的内缘有一列锯齿状小齿。唇外表面两侧各有一个小孔,背唇外表面有1对大乳突。亚腹唇有大乳突、小乳突和头感器为各一个。雌虫阴门开口于虫体前半部,近圆形,肛门呈横裂状。雄虫有交合刺2根,等长,末端都比较锐,泄殖孔附近的乳突数大约为10对左右。
结论即墨市城郊区食用犬的犬弓首线虫感染率为8.3%,因此对此地区养犬户进行宣传教育,避免儿童亲密接触犬而感染。
Objective To investigate Toxocara canis infection in edible dogs in Jimo, China.
Methods The small intestines of 5,919 dogs were examined after necropsy between January and Nouvember, 2008 at an abattoir in Jimo, China. The collected nematodes were identified in the laboratory after morphological observation of the worms and eggs. Properly treated for scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results Of the 5,919 dogs examined, 490 (8.3%) were infected with T. canis, mean intensity was 1.6.
Conclusion Total 8.3% of edible dogs in vicinities of Jimo were infected with T. canis. The status suggests that toxocariasis may be a possible zoonosis hazard of public health in Jimo, China.
引文
1.罗春华,罗仲金。嗜酸性粒细胞增多症犬弓着线虫抗体检测[J].中华儿科杂志,1992(1):36
2.赵海全,李翠娥,谢绍辉,等。南海市沙皮犬肠道寄生虫的调查[J].中国兽医杂志,2001,37(8):38.
3.姜红.安徽省泗县犬寄生虫感染情况调查[J].中国兽医寄生虫病,2003,1:59-60
4.韩晓辉,张宏伟,乔艳双.黑龙江省犬主要蠕虫病的流行与防制[J].中国兽医科技,2003,33(1):76-77.
5.Kim YH,Huh S.Prevalence of Toxocara canis,Toxocaris leonina and Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in Chuncheon,Korea(2004).The Korean Journal of Parasitology.43(2):65-67.
6.Sowemimo OA.Prevalence and intensity of Toxocara canis(Werner,1782) in dogs and its potential public health significance in Ile-Ife,Nigeria(2007).J Helminthol,81(4):433-438.
7.罗仲金,罗春华.犬弓着线虫幼虫培养、排泄抗原的制备和分析[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,1991,7(2):60-62.
8.Alcantara-Neves NM,dos Santos AB,Mendonca LR,et al(2008).An improved method to obtain antigen-excreting Toxocara canis larvae.Exp Parasitol,119(3):349-351.
9.李亮,徐真,张路平.黄海和渤海经济鱼类感染内弯宫脂线虫的调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2007,25(5):364-367.
10.杨晓野,薛芝,刘珍莲,郭媛华,张喜玲.猪蛔虫,马副蛔虫,鸡蛔虫头尾部结构的扫描电镜观察与比较[J].中国兽医寄生虫病,1998,6(3):14-17.
11.李新村,张小倩,肖鹏.纸店镇狗寄生蠕虫区系调查[J].现代农业科技,2008,1:155.
12.董婕,朱磊,陈前波等.上海地区家犬肠道线虫感染的调查[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,2001,17(1):113.
13.刘珍莲,杨晓野,杨莲茹等.呼市地区犬寄生虫感染种类及感染情况的调查[J].http://www.cqvip.com/qk/93041X/200504/15563966.html 当代畜牧,2005,4:39-41.
14.于咏兰,高海,汪明.北京地区家养犬猫胃肠道寄生虫病原学调查[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,2006,42(10):38-39.
15.范新文.就诊宠物犬消化道寄生虫调查[J].湖南畜牧兽医,2006,(4):28-30,
16.DespommierD.Toxocariasis:ClinicalAspects,Epidemiology,MedicalEcology,and Molecular Aspects.Clinical Microbiology Reviews,2003,16:265-272.
1.DespommierD.Toxocariasis:ClinicalAspects,Epidemiology,MedicalEcology,and Molecular Aspects.Clinical Microbiology Reviews,2003,16:265-272.
2.Fisher M.Toxocara cati:an underestimated zoonotic agent[J].Trends in Parasitology,2003,19:167-170.
3.Wilder H C.Nematode endophthalmitis[J].Trans.Am.Acad.Ophthalmol.Otolaryngol,1950,55:99-104.
4.Beaver P C,Snyde C H,Carrera G M.Chronic eosinophilia due to visceral larva migrans(J).Pediatrics,1952,9:7-19.
5.Beaver P C.The nature of visceral larva migrans(J).Journal of Parasitology,1969,55:3-12.
6.Schantz P M.Prasitic zoonoses in perspective(J).International journal for Parasitology, 1991,21:161-170.
7.Taylor M R.The epidemiology of ocular toxocariasis(J).J Helminthoi,2001,75:109-118.
8.Arango CA.Visceral larva migrans and the hypereosinophilia syndrome(J).S.Med J.,1998,91:882-883.
9.罗春华,罗仲金.嗜酸性粒细胞增多症犬弓着线虫抗体检测[J].中华儿科杂志,1992(1):36
1O.赵海全,李翠娥,谢绍辉,华一元.南海市沙皮犬肠道寄生虫的调查[J].中国兽医杂志,2001,37(8):38.
11.姜红.安徽省泗县犬寄生虫感染情况调查[J].中国兽医寄生虫病,2003,1:59-60
12.韩晓辉,张宏伟,乔艳双.黑龙江省犬主要蠕虫病的流行与防制[J].中国兽医科技,2003,33(1):76-77.
13.Kim YH,Huh S.Prevalence of Toxocara canis,Toxocaris leonina and Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in Chuncheon,Korea(2004).The Korean Journal of Parasitology.43(2):65-67.
14.Sowemimo OA.Prevalence and intensity of Toxocara canis(Werner,1782) in dogs and its potential public health significance in Ile-Ife,Nigeria(2007).J Helminthol,81(4):433-438.
15.李新村,张小倩,肖鹏.纸店镇狗寄生蠕虫区系调查[J].现代农业科技,2008,1:155.
16.董婕,朱磊,陈前波,等.上海地区家犬肠道线虫感染的调查[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,2001,17(1):113.
17.刘珍莲,杨晓野,杨莲茹等.呼市地区犬寄生虫感染种类及感染情况的调查[J].当代畜牧,2005,4:39-41.
18.Dubinsky P.Epidemiology of Toxocarosis in Rural and Urban Areas[J].Workshops Parasito logy International,1998,47:105.
19.Hakim S L,Thadasavanth M,Raden Shamilah R H et al.Prevalence of Toxocara canis antibody among children with bronchial asthma in Klang Hospital,Malaysia[J].Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene,1997,91:528.
20.罗仲金,陈盛文,罗春华,等.成都地区儿童血清抗弓首线虫幼虫抗体的检测[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,1993,9(1):2-4.
21.Kincekova J,Sucha E,Dubinsky P,et al.Larval toxocarosis in childhood from eastern part of Slovak Republic[J].Immunology Letters,1997,56(2):428-429.
22.Kenny J V,MacCabe R J,Smith H Vet al.Serological evidence for the presence of toxocariasis in the Turkana District of Kenya[J].Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene,1995,89:377-378.
23.Minvielle M C,Taus M R,Raffo A,et al.Seroprevalence of toxocariasis in blood donors of Gualeguaychti,Argentina[J].Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hwiene,2000,94:373-375.
24.Hartleb M,Januszewski K,Severe hepatic involvement in visceral larva migrans[J].Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2001 13:1245-1249.
25.Kuziemski K,Jassem E,Mierzejewska E.Lung manifestation of visceral larva migration syndrome due to Toxocara canis infection[J].Pneumonol Alergol Pol,1999,67:554-557.
26.Magnaval J F,Galindo V,Glickman L T,et al.Human Toxocara infection of the central nervous system and neurological disorders:a casecontrol study[J].Parasitology,1997,115:537-543.
27.Glickman L I,Schantz P M.Epidemiology and pathogenesis of zoonotic toxocariasis[J].Epidemiol.Rev.,1982 10:143-148
28.Basualdo J A,Ciarmela M L,Sarmiento P L,et al.Biological activity of Paecilomyces genus against Toxocara canis eggs[J].Parasitol.Res.2000,86:854-859.
29.Ciarmela M L,Minvielle M C,Lori G,et al.Biological interaction between soil fungi and Toxocara canis eggs[J].Veterinary Parasitology,2002,103:251-257.
30.Beer S A,Novosilitsev G I,Melinikova L I.The role of the water factor in the dissemination of Toxocara eggs and the spread oftoxocariasis in a megalopolis[J].Parasitology,1999,33:129-135.
31.Schantz P M.Toxocara larva migrans now(J).Am.J.Trop.Med.Hyg.1989,41:21-34.
32.罗仲金,田玉,罗春华,等.犬弓首线虫幼虫孔穴沉淀试验检测人体弓首线虫幼虫感染的一种简便特异方法[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,1998,14(5):50-52.
33.Sturchler D,Schubarth P,Gualzata M.Thiabendazole v.albendazole in treatment of toxocariasis:a clinical trial[J].Ann.Trop.Med.Parasitoi.1989,83:473-478.
34.Dryden M W,Ridley R K.Efficacy of fenbendazole granules and pyrantel pamoate suspension against Toxocara canis in greyhounds housed in contaminated runs[J].Veterinary Parasitology 1999,82:311-315.
35.McTier T L,Siedek E M,Clemence R G,et al.Efficacy of selamectin against experimentally induced and naturally acquired ascarid(Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina) infections in dogs[J].Veterinary Parasitology 2000,91:333-345.
36.Hotez P J.Toxocara canis Gellis and Kaganis current pediatric therapy[M].15th ed.W.B.Saunders Pubs.,Philadelnhia.1995,683-684.
2.赵海全,李翠娥,谢绍辉,等。南海市沙皮犬肠道寄生虫的调查[J].中国兽医杂志,2001,37(8):38.
3.姜红.安徽省泗县犬寄生虫感染情况调查[J].中国兽医寄生虫病,2003,1:59-60
4.韩晓辉,张宏伟,乔艳双.黑龙江省犬主要蠕虫病的流行与防制[J].中国兽医科技,2003,33(1):76-77.
5.Kim YH,Huh S.Prevalence of Toxocara canis,Toxocaris leonina and Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in Chuncheon,Korea(2004).The Korean Journal of Parasitology.43(2):65-67.
6.Sowemimo OA.Prevalence and intensity of Toxocara canis(Werner,1782) in dogs and its potential public health significance in Ile-Ife,Nigeria(2007).J Helminthol,81(4):433-438.
7.罗仲金,罗春华.犬弓着线虫幼虫培养、排泄抗原的制备和分析[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,1991,7(2):60-62.
8.Alcantara-Neves NM,dos Santos AB,Mendonca LR,et al(2008).An improved method to obtain antigen-excreting Toxocara canis larvae.Exp Parasitol,119(3):349-351.
9.李亮,徐真,张路平.黄海和渤海经济鱼类感染内弯宫脂线虫的调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2007,25(5):364-367.
10.杨晓野,薛芝,刘珍莲,郭媛华,张喜玲.猪蛔虫,马副蛔虫,鸡蛔虫头尾部结构的扫描电镜观察与比较[J].中国兽医寄生虫病,1998,6(3):14-17.
11.李新村,张小倩,肖鹏.纸店镇狗寄生蠕虫区系调查[J].现代农业科技,2008,1:155.
12.董婕,朱磊,陈前波等.上海地区家犬肠道线虫感染的调查[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,2001,17(1):113.
13.刘珍莲,杨晓野,杨莲茹等.呼市地区犬寄生虫感染种类及感染情况的调查[J].http://www.cqvip.com/qk/93041X/200504/15563966.html 当代畜牧,2005,4:39-41.
14.于咏兰,高海,汪明.北京地区家养犬猫胃肠道寄生虫病原学调查[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,2006,42(10):38-39.
15.范新文.就诊宠物犬消化道寄生虫调查[J].湖南畜牧兽医,2006,(4):28-30,
16.DespommierD.Toxocariasis:ClinicalAspects,Epidemiology,MedicalEcology,and Molecular Aspects.Clinical Microbiology Reviews,2003,16:265-272.
1.DespommierD.Toxocariasis:ClinicalAspects,Epidemiology,MedicalEcology,and Molecular Aspects.Clinical Microbiology Reviews,2003,16:265-272.
2.Fisher M.Toxocara cati:an underestimated zoonotic agent[J].Trends in Parasitology,2003,19:167-170.
3.Wilder H C.Nematode endophthalmitis[J].Trans.Am.Acad.Ophthalmol.Otolaryngol,1950,55:99-104.
4.Beaver P C,Snyde C H,Carrera G M.Chronic eosinophilia due to visceral larva migrans(J).Pediatrics,1952,9:7-19.
5.Beaver P C.The nature of visceral larva migrans(J).Journal of Parasitology,1969,55:3-12.
6.Schantz P M.Prasitic zoonoses in perspective(J).International journal for Parasitology, 1991,21:161-170.
7.Taylor M R.The epidemiology of ocular toxocariasis(J).J Helminthoi,2001,75:109-118.
8.Arango CA.Visceral larva migrans and the hypereosinophilia syndrome(J).S.Med J.,1998,91:882-883.
9.罗春华,罗仲金.嗜酸性粒细胞增多症犬弓着线虫抗体检测[J].中华儿科杂志,1992(1):36
1O.赵海全,李翠娥,谢绍辉,华一元.南海市沙皮犬肠道寄生虫的调查[J].中国兽医杂志,2001,37(8):38.
11.姜红.安徽省泗县犬寄生虫感染情况调查[J].中国兽医寄生虫病,2003,1:59-60
12.韩晓辉,张宏伟,乔艳双.黑龙江省犬主要蠕虫病的流行与防制[J].中国兽医科技,2003,33(1):76-77.
13.Kim YH,Huh S.Prevalence of Toxocara canis,Toxocaris leonina and Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in Chuncheon,Korea(2004).The Korean Journal of Parasitology.43(2):65-67.
14.Sowemimo OA.Prevalence and intensity of Toxocara canis(Werner,1782) in dogs and its potential public health significance in Ile-Ife,Nigeria(2007).J Helminthol,81(4):433-438.
15.李新村,张小倩,肖鹏.纸店镇狗寄生蠕虫区系调查[J].现代农业科技,2008,1:155.
16.董婕,朱磊,陈前波,等.上海地区家犬肠道线虫感染的调查[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,2001,17(1):113.
17.刘珍莲,杨晓野,杨莲茹等.呼市地区犬寄生虫感染种类及感染情况的调查[J].当代畜牧,2005,4:39-41.
18.Dubinsky P.Epidemiology of Toxocarosis in Rural and Urban Areas[J].Workshops Parasito logy International,1998,47:105.
19.Hakim S L,Thadasavanth M,Raden Shamilah R H et al.Prevalence of Toxocara canis antibody among children with bronchial asthma in Klang Hospital,Malaysia[J].Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene,1997,91:528.
20.罗仲金,陈盛文,罗春华,等.成都地区儿童血清抗弓首线虫幼虫抗体的检测[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,1993,9(1):2-4.
21.Kincekova J,Sucha E,Dubinsky P,et al.Larval toxocarosis in childhood from eastern part of Slovak Republic[J].Immunology Letters,1997,56(2):428-429.
22.Kenny J V,MacCabe R J,Smith H Vet al.Serological evidence for the presence of toxocariasis in the Turkana District of Kenya[J].Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene,1995,89:377-378.
23.Minvielle M C,Taus M R,Raffo A,et al.Seroprevalence of toxocariasis in blood donors of Gualeguaychti,Argentina[J].Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hwiene,2000,94:373-375.
24.Hartleb M,Januszewski K,Severe hepatic involvement in visceral larva migrans[J].Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2001 13:1245-1249.
25.Kuziemski K,Jassem E,Mierzejewska E.Lung manifestation of visceral larva migration syndrome due to Toxocara canis infection[J].Pneumonol Alergol Pol,1999,67:554-557.
26.Magnaval J F,Galindo V,Glickman L T,et al.Human Toxocara infection of the central nervous system and neurological disorders:a casecontrol study[J].Parasitology,1997,115:537-543.
27.Glickman L I,Schantz P M.Epidemiology and pathogenesis of zoonotic toxocariasis[J].Epidemiol.Rev.,1982 10:143-148
28.Basualdo J A,Ciarmela M L,Sarmiento P L,et al.Biological activity of Paecilomyces genus against Toxocara canis eggs[J].Parasitol.Res.2000,86:854-859.
29.Ciarmela M L,Minvielle M C,Lori G,et al.Biological interaction between soil fungi and Toxocara canis eggs[J].Veterinary Parasitology,2002,103:251-257.
30.Beer S A,Novosilitsev G I,Melinikova L I.The role of the water factor in the dissemination of Toxocara eggs and the spread oftoxocariasis in a megalopolis[J].Parasitology,1999,33:129-135.
31.Schantz P M.Toxocara larva migrans now(J).Am.J.Trop.Med.Hyg.1989,41:21-34.
32.罗仲金,田玉,罗春华,等.犬弓首线虫幼虫孔穴沉淀试验检测人体弓首线虫幼虫感染的一种简便特异方法[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,1998,14(5):50-52.
33.Sturchler D,Schubarth P,Gualzata M.Thiabendazole v.albendazole in treatment of toxocariasis:a clinical trial[J].Ann.Trop.Med.Parasitoi.1989,83:473-478.
34.Dryden M W,Ridley R K.Efficacy of fenbendazole granules and pyrantel pamoate suspension against Toxocara canis in greyhounds housed in contaminated runs[J].Veterinary Parasitology 1999,82:311-315.
35.McTier T L,Siedek E M,Clemence R G,et al.Efficacy of selamectin against experimentally induced and naturally acquired ascarid(Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina) infections in dogs[J].Veterinary Parasitology 2000,91:333-345.
36.Hotez P J.Toxocara canis Gellis and Kaganis current pediatric therapy[M].15th ed.W.B.Saunders Pubs.,Philadelnhia.1995,683-684.