航空发动机控制器中新型CPU的应用研究
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摘要
采用全权限数字式电子控制技术是航空发动机控制的一种发展趋势。电子控制器是控制系统中的核心部分,随着控制性能要求的提高以及控制算法越来越复杂,寻找一种新型的、高性能的CPU控制器成为一种必然。本论文涉及飞机发动机电子控制器的软、硬件设计,是一航动力控制系统研究所(614所)“新概念航空动力控制技术探索研究”项目的一部分。在研究航空发动机这个控制对象的基础上,结合国内外研究现状和发展趋势,并通过广泛深入的嵌入式CPU比较和调研,提出了采用32位PowerPC嵌入式微控制器MPC5554。这也是国内航空发动机控制系统中首次使用该芯片。
针对飞机发动机控制的功能要求,采用MPC5554作为控制器的主芯片,提高了系统的运行速度,也提高了系统集成度,减小了控制器的体积,同时能适应更恶劣的环境。
作为控制对象的某型航空发动机,信号多且复杂。本论文针对这种情况,通过对各信号控制过程的划分,在硬件设计中将其分成多个功能相互独立的模块,条理清晰、互换性、可维修性强,以此为基础,进行控制器的总体设计。根据技术要求,设计了控制器的电源模块、CPU模块以及开关量输入/输出模块,并且对可靠性、电磁兼容性以及抗干扰性进行了设计。接下来又对控制器的核心模块,即CPU模块和开关量输入/输出模块进行了详细设计,完成了开关量、频率量和模拟量信号处理电路的设计,并完成了通讯电路的设计。
利用CodeWarrior开发环境,完成了底层软件的编写和调试,对eADC模块和eMIOS进行研究和开发,实现了对模拟信号、开关信号以及频率信号的采集。
最后用C++ Builder 6.0开发了一个数据采集和发送界面,通过RS-232通讯及上位机显示和发送,验证系统设计成功。
本课题的设计成功,将对我国航空发动机控制技术的发展起到积极的促进作用。
It's a trend to use Full Authority Digital Engine Control in aero-engine control. Digital controller is the key part of control system. For pursuing high-quality controlling and more complex control algorithm, it's necessary to find a new and high-quality CPU controller. This thesis deals with software and hardware design of aero-engine digital controller and it is also a part of 'research of new concept aero-engine control technology' supported by 614 institute. By studying aero-engine, combined with domestic and foreign research results and the trend of development in the world, comparing all kinds of CPUs, A 32-bit PowerPC architecture MCU, MPC5554 is at last chosen. It is also the first time to use this CPU in the history of aero -engine control system in our country.
Aimed at the functional demands of aero-engine control, MPC5554 is used as CPU of microcontroller. It improves the speed of system and enhances the integration of system, and it makes the controller much smaller. Meantime, the CPU can adapt to worse surroundings.
Certain aero-engine is chosen as object, it has much signal and the signal is complex. In this situation, all signal is classified, and several independent modules are designed in hardware design, so the system has consecution, interconvertion and maintenance. After this, the whole controller is designed. Depending on the demands, Power module, CPU module and switch module are designed, and the reliability, the electromagnetic compatibility as well as the anti-jamming has carried on the design. Then the core module, CPU module and switch module are designed, and process circuits of switch, frequency and simulation signal are finished. The communication circuit is also designed.
Using CodeWarrior development environment, software in the bottom is coded. eADC module and eMIOS module are studied and developed, and collection of switch signal, frequency signal and simulation signal is realized.
In the end, by using C++ Builder 6.0, an interface is developed. It is used for data collection and sending, communicated by RS-232 and displayed by PC. It is used to test the system.
With the success of this design, aero-engine control technology of our country will be moved forward.
针对飞机发动机控制的功能要求,采用MPC5554作为控制器的主芯片,提高了系统的运行速度,也提高了系统集成度,减小了控制器的体积,同时能适应更恶劣的环境。
作为控制对象的某型航空发动机,信号多且复杂。本论文针对这种情况,通过对各信号控制过程的划分,在硬件设计中将其分成多个功能相互独立的模块,条理清晰、互换性、可维修性强,以此为基础,进行控制器的总体设计。根据技术要求,设计了控制器的电源模块、CPU模块以及开关量输入/输出模块,并且对可靠性、电磁兼容性以及抗干扰性进行了设计。接下来又对控制器的核心模块,即CPU模块和开关量输入/输出模块进行了详细设计,完成了开关量、频率量和模拟量信号处理电路的设计,并完成了通讯电路的设计。
利用CodeWarrior开发环境,完成了底层软件的编写和调试,对eADC模块和eMIOS进行研究和开发,实现了对模拟信号、开关信号以及频率信号的采集。
最后用C++ Builder 6.0开发了一个数据采集和发送界面,通过RS-232通讯及上位机显示和发送,验证系统设计成功。
本课题的设计成功,将对我国航空发动机控制技术的发展起到积极的促进作用。
It's a trend to use Full Authority Digital Engine Control in aero-engine control. Digital controller is the key part of control system. For pursuing high-quality controlling and more complex control algorithm, it's necessary to find a new and high-quality CPU controller. This thesis deals with software and hardware design of aero-engine digital controller and it is also a part of 'research of new concept aero-engine control technology' supported by 614 institute. By studying aero-engine, combined with domestic and foreign research results and the trend of development in the world, comparing all kinds of CPUs, A 32-bit PowerPC architecture MCU, MPC5554 is at last chosen. It is also the first time to use this CPU in the history of aero -engine control system in our country.
Aimed at the functional demands of aero-engine control, MPC5554 is used as CPU of microcontroller. It improves the speed of system and enhances the integration of system, and it makes the controller much smaller. Meantime, the CPU can adapt to worse surroundings.
Certain aero-engine is chosen as object, it has much signal and the signal is complex. In this situation, all signal is classified, and several independent modules are designed in hardware design, so the system has consecution, interconvertion and maintenance. After this, the whole controller is designed. Depending on the demands, Power module, CPU module and switch module are designed, and the reliability, the electromagnetic compatibility as well as the anti-jamming has carried on the design. Then the core module, CPU module and switch module are designed, and process circuits of switch, frequency and simulation signal are finished. The communication circuit is also designed.
Using CodeWarrior development environment, software in the bottom is coded. eADC module and eMIOS module are studied and developed, and collection of switch signal, frequency signal and simulation signal is realized.
In the end, by using C++ Builder 6.0, an interface is developed. It is used for data collection and sending, communicated by RS-232 and displayed by PC. It is used to test the system.
With the success of this design, aero-engine control technology of our country will be moved forward.
引文
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[45]李秋华,张天宏,邓志伟.实时操作系统在发动机数字电子控制器中的尝试[J].航空发动机,2006,20(4):65-68
[46]Tornado BSP training workshop.Imag Corperatin,2000
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[49]刘涛.柴油发动机电控单元的研究[D].内蒙古科技大学,2006
[50]孙友根.共轨柴油机电控系统的嵌入式软件开发与研究[D].大连理工大学,2006
[51]刘军良.基于嵌入式微控制器的发动机电控单元的设计与研究[D].江苏大学,2005
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[2]方昌德.借鉴国外经验发展我国的航空发动机[J].国际航空,2006,20(4):53-57
[3]闫月亮,董照飞.航空发动机控制发展趋势及新技术浅析[J].国际航空,2006,35(7):13-16
[4]张绍基.航空发动机控制系统的研发与展望[J].航空动力学报,2004,19(3):45-50
[5]王培栋.浅谈航空发动机控制技术的发展[J].江苏航空,2000,10(1):181-186
[6]孙健国.现代航空动力装置控制[M].航空工业出版社,2001
[7]贺尔铭.民用航空发动机控制原理及典型系统[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002
[8]张世柽分册主编.航空发动机设计手册(第15册)[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2002.
[9]Intel 386EX Embedded Microprocessor Hardware Reference[M].Intel Corporation,1994
[10]Intel 386EX embedded microprocessor user manual[M].Inel Corperation,1996
[11]刘鑫.嵌入式PC技术[J].工业控制计算机,1998,5:31-34
[12]牟路勇.基于DSP的航空发动机电子控制器设计研究[D].南京航空航天大学,2004
[13]何鹄环,郭迎清.基于DSP和CAN的航空发动机分布式控制系统设计[J].航空计算机技术,2006,36(1):30-32
[14]www.freescale.com
[15]赵竹君,孙未.基于PowerPC的嵌入式系统设计[J].现代电子技术,2007,30(9):33-35
[16]陈志强,王涛等.基于PowerPC的嵌入式系统中通用IO口的扩展方法[J].计算机与数字工程,2006,34(6):27-29
[17]Giuma,T,Warden,S.C.Microprocessor design innovations.Southcon/94 Conference Record.1994,0-7803-9989-7:502-507
[18]Yair Raz,Mark Naumann.A virtual prototype system for PDA software development.On-Chip System Design Conference,1999:99-106
[19]韩小宝.嵌入式航空发动机数字电子控制器设计研究[D].西北工业大学,2005
[20]张天宏,王继业.微型涡轮发动机快速原型控制系统[J].航空动力学报,2007,22(2):274-279
[21]赵纲领,蔚永强等.基于DSP I/O口的多路高速数据采集系统设计[J].电测与仪表,2007,44(2):54-56
[22]刘中林.386EX在航空发动机电子控制器中的应用[D].西北工业大学,2000
[23]牛晔,周浩敏.Motorola DSP及其开发[J].世界电子元器件,2004,4:50-53
[24]Barrett W.J,Rembold E.Flight test of a full authority digital electronic engine control system in an F-15 aircraft[R].AIAA 81-1501
[25]Lange A S.Semi-physical simulation of guide missle.Comp and Electr Eng I,1973(1):119-142
[26]吴勇,朱建民,朱培申.航电综合化系统总线接口板研究设计[J].系统工程与电子技术,2001,26(3):27-31
[27]吴进军.MPC555的发动机电控单元最小系统设计[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006,20(3):8-11
[28]张臻,程峥.汽车发动机电控单元的软硬件开发[J].微计算机信息,2007,23(6):274-276
[29]邓宗明,蒋祺明.基于PowerPC开发板的Flash编程方法与实现[J].计算机工程,2004,30(1):168-170
[30]鲍爱达,曲秀杰.基于MPC563的ECU嵌入式系统设计与应用[J].工业控制计算机,2005,18(3):127-129
[31]刘洁涓.基于32位PowerPC555的车用电子控制器硬件设计[J].汽车电器,2004,8(8):4-8
[32]孔峰,宋希庚,张育华.基于PowerPC的车用多功能电控单元UECU32[J].微型机与应用,2005,24(10):17-19
[33]张伟,王力.Protel 99SE基础教程[M].人民邮电出版社,2006
[34]黄志文,邓彬伟.串行A/D与8255A接口的设计与实现[J].黄石理工学院学报,2007,23(3):34-37
[35]张阳,陈家胜.ARM嵌入式仪器的A/D接口设计[J].仪表技术,2007,10:18-31
[36]MPC5554 Microcontroller Data Sheet.Document Number:MPC5566,Rev.1.0,10/2007
[37]MPC5553/5554 Microcontroller Reference Manual.2007
[38]刘轶,陈明,刘宗玉.基于数字信号处理器的航空发动机参数采集系统设计[J].测控技术,2005,24(1):132-135
[39]Frangos C.Control system analysis of a hardware-in-loop simulation.IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1990,26(4):666-668
[40]季特,陈胜功等.一种基于单片机的小型涡喷发动机控制系统[J].军民两用技 术与产品,2004,4:38-42
[41]华伟.386EX CPU模块在某型航空发动机控制器中的应用与研究[D].甘肃工业大学,2000
[42]刘淑平,苑雅娟,徐铁军.基于ARM处理器的电力监控器方案设计[J].工业控制计算机,2007,20(5):62-63
[43]王正,张六韬,张磊.基于DSP的航空测试交流电源[J].计测技术,2006,26(1):31-34
[44]章泓.航空发动机分布式控制系统研究[J].航空发动机,2003,3:31-35
[45]李秋华,张天宏,邓志伟.实时操作系统在发动机数字电子控制器中的尝试[J].航空发动机,2006,20(4):65-68
[46]Tornado BSP training workshop.Imag Corperatin,2000
[47]Tornado driver training workshop.Imag Corperation,2000
[48]黎壮声.嵌入式数据采集器的研究与实现[D].电子科技大学,2004
[49]刘涛.柴油发动机电控单元的研究[D].内蒙古科技大学,2006
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