摘要
目的:观察HLA半相合淋巴细胞输注治疗难治性实体瘤的近期疗效、毒副反应及对生活质量的影响,探讨其临床应用价值。
资料与方法:经多次治疗后出现复发或病情进展的Ⅳ期实体瘤患者,理解并愿意接受HLA半相合淋巴细胞输注,签署知情同意书。所有患者在进行供者淋巴细胞输注(DLI)治疗前4~8周或同时接受常规治疗。胃癌患者在进行DLI治疗前4~8周接受常规剂量的“紫杉类+奥沙利铂”或“卡培他滨”化疗,肾癌患者在DLI治疗期间同时口服“沙利度胺”,肝癌患者在进行DLI治疗前4~8周接受“顺铂+表阿霉素”肝动脉栓塞化疗,其余患者在进行DLI治疗前均接受不同方式的常规剂量的放疗或化疗。供受者间需测定HLA-A、HLA-B、HLA-DR共6个位点,选定合适的供者后对其进行ABO血型、乙肝表面抗原、艾滋病病毒抗体、丙肝病毒抗体及梅毒抗体的检测。符合条件的供者在CS-3000Plus血细胞分离机上按“淋巴细胞采集程序”采集单个核细胞,循环血量为8000ml,采集的供者单个核细胞约55ml,加145 ml的生理盐水稀释到200 ml;经稀释、混匀后的采集血送我院放射治疗中心接受60Go照射(DT 25 Gy)后输注给患者,每4~8周重复一次,治疗前后监测患者CD3/HLA-DR、CD25值的变化,同时观察是否发生GVHD。aGVHD临床分级按Glucksberg标准分为Ⅰ~Ⅳ级,cGVHD按NIH共识标准分为轻、中、重度;每次输注后4周对患者进行常规评价,按RECIST标准分为完全缓解(CR)、部分缓解(PR)、疾病稳定(SD)、疾病进展(PD),以CR+PR+SD所占的比率作为疾病控制率(DCR),同时按卡氏体力状况评分标准对患者进行生活质量的评价。
结果:①2004年2月至2008年8月,我院59例Ⅳ期难治性实体瘤患者接受含有(0.983±0.425)×108 CD3+细胞/Kg体重的DLI,全部病例均可评价疗效。胃癌16例,CR 1例,SD 8例,PD 7例,DCR为56.25%,中位总生存期为15.7个月(8.5~52.1个月);肾癌13例,CR 1例,SD 5例,PD 7例,DCR为46.15%,中位总生存期为28.3个月(8.9~46.4个月);肝癌11例,SD 6例,PD 5例,DCR为54.55%,中位总生存期为9.6个月(3.6~51.2个月);其他恶性实体瘤共19例,PR 1例,SD 6例,PD 12例,DCR为36.84%,中位总生存期16.3个月(7.4~54.8个月)。②接受2~7次DLI组的DCR高于仅接受1次DLI组(P <0.05);接受>1.0×108 CD3+细胞/Kg组的DCR高于<1.0×108 CD3+细胞/Kg组(P <0.005);46例患者在DLI治疗前后进行CD3/HLA-DR和CD25的检测,CD3/HLA-DR升高组的DCR高于降低组(P <0.005),CD25升高组的DCR高于降低组(P <0.05)。不同病种、供受者不同性别组合、不相合位点数不同组别间DCR的差异无统计学意义(P >0.50)。③全部病例均可评价毒副反应,其中有10例(16.95%)发生了Ⅰ~Ⅱ级的aGVHD,未发现Ⅲ~Ⅳ级aGVHD或cGVHD者。④29例患者在DLI治疗前后KPS评分提高10分及以上。
结论:①HLA半相合淋巴细胞输注治疗复发性或难治性实体瘤具有一定的效果。②HLA半相合淋巴细胞输注治疗复发性或难治性实体瘤无明显毒副反应。③HLA半相合淋巴细胞输注治疗复发性或难治性实体瘤是否可延长总生存期有待于进一步的观察。
Objective:Observe the short-term efficacy,the toxicity,and the quality of life about HLA-haploidentical lymphocyte infusions for refractory solid tumors,and explore its clinical value.
Data and Methods:Patients with phase IV solid tumors who were failed by conventional therapy,understand and are willing to accept HLA haploidentical lymphocyte infusions,then sign the informed consent. All patients received routine therapy 4 to 8 weeks before DLI or simultaneously. Patients with gastric cancer received conventional doses of“Taxane+ Oxaliplatin”or“Capecitabine”4 to 8 weeks before DLI;patients with RCC take“Thalidomide”orally during DLI;patients with HCC undergo a TACE with“Cisplatin+Epirubicin”4 to 8 weeks before DLI;the other acceptted common radiotherapy or chemotherapy before DLI. Donor/recipient’s loci determination for six sites among HLA-A,HLA-B,HLA-DR,is needed for the pairs. We must detect ABO blood type,HBsAg,anti-HIV,anti-HCV and syphilis antibody for the suitable donors. The eligible donors have a collection of MNCs on the CS-3000Plus blood cell separator,according to the“lymphocyte collection procedures”,and the circulating blood volume is 8000ml. The MNCs is about 55ml,diluted into 200ml by 145ml of normal saline. The mixture above will accept 60Go irradiation (DT 25Gy),then infuse into the patients. Repeat the infusion every 4~8 weeks,detect the value of CD3/HLA-DR and CD25 pre-DLI and post-DLI,observe the occurrence of GVHD. Acute GVHD is clinically graded asⅠ~Ⅳbased on Glucksberg criteria,and chronic GVHD is classified as mild,moderate and severe according to National Institutes of Health consensus development project on standards for cGVHD. 4 weeks after each infusion,there is a conventional evaluation,which is classified into CR,PR,SD and PD on the basis of RECIST,the percentage of CR and PR plus SD is regarded as the disease control rate. Meanwhile,we evaluate the quality of life in terms of Karnofsky Performance Status standards.
Results:①From February 2004 to August 2008,59 patients with refractory solid tumors accepted (0.983±0.425)×108 CD3+cells/Kg weight of DLIs,all can be evaluated. 1 of 16 cases with gastric cancer achieved CR,8 SD,and 7 PD,the DCR is 56.25%,and the median OS is 15.7 months (8.5 to 52.1 months);the DCR of 13 patients with RCC is 46.15%,including 1 CR and 5 SD,and the median OS is 28.3 months (8.9 to 46.4 months);in 11 cases of HCC,6 had SD and 5 PD,the DCR is 54.55%,and the median OS is 9.6 months (3.6 to 51.2 months). The other malignants were 19 cases,one achieved PR,6 SD,and 12 PD,the DCR is 36.84%,and the median OS is 16.3months (7.4 to 54.8 months).②The DCR with 2~7 times of DLIs is higher than only once(P <0.05);the DCR of the group with >1.0×108CD3+ cells/Kg is higher than the other one with <1.0×108CD3+cells/Kg(P <0.005);46 patients had a detection of CD3/HLA-DR and CD25 before and after DLI,the DCR of the group with CD3/HLA-DR rising is higher than the decline one(P <0.005),and the change of CD25 is similar(P<0.05);the difference of DCR between different diseases,combinations of donor/recipient and loci-mismatched numbers are no signi- ficant(P>0.50).③The toxicities can be assessed in all patients,and 10 cases (16.95%) occurred in gradeⅠ~Ⅱof aGVHD,not gradeⅢ~ⅣaGVHD or cGVHD.④The KPS score has a improvement with 10 points or more in 29 patients after DLI.
Conclusion:①HLA haploidentical lymphocyte infusions may have some effects for patients with relapsed or refractory solid tumors.②The toxicities is not significant in HLA haploidentical lymphocyte infusions for relapsed or refractory solid tumors.③Whether HLA haploidentical lymphocyte infusions for relapsed or refractory solid tumors can improve the overall survival or not remains to be seen.
引文
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