企业资源管理系统及其资源循环功能研究
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摘要
此文根植于循环经济理论的基础上,结合资源经济学、系统论、热力学、生态学等方面理论,对企业和企业集群生存发展所依赖的资源管理问题进行分析研究。此文首先在总结和借鉴国内外已有的关于企业资源管理和循环经济管理方面理论成果的基础上,试图深化和拓展企业资源内涵和外延,将广义的企业资源管理思想运用于提升企业价值增值和保持持续竞争优势的企业可持续发展管理中,从而建立“企业资源管理系统”概念;然后对企业资源管理系统的仿生态特性和资源循环利用功能进行深入分析,得以从微观和中观层面研究以企业和企业集群为主体的企业资源管理系统在循环经济中的作用机理,从而揭示出企业资源管理系统及其资源循环功能对于指导绿色供应链管理和生态工业园经济等企业管理理论与实践问题的优势所在。
此文在理论与实践结合的系统研究中,重点分析阐述了以下内容:
——基于资源基础论,对企业资源范畴进行拓展;结合热力学系统论原理,建立企业资源系统;
——结合系统论和热力学理论,分析企业资源系统实施有序化管理的原理,并以此为基础,提出企业资源系统有序化管理模型和企业资源管理系统模型;从企业资源计划的拓展理论角度,分析企业资源管理系统建立的理论根基;
——结合生态学理论,分析企业资源管理系统的仿生态系统特性;结合超循环系统理论,分析企业资源管理系统的系统功能;
——基于资源循环利用理论,结合超循环系统理论,分析企业资源管理系统资源循环功能的机理;并建立数理模型进一步阐释企业资源管理系统的资源循环功能机理;
——结合绿色供应链和反向物流的理论和生态工业园实践,分析企业资源管理系统资源循环功能在具体理论和实践中的指导应用。
Base on the theory of Circular Economy, this paper aims to analyze to themanagement issues about enterprise resources which the survival and development ofenterprises and enterprises clusters depend on, with the help of Resource Economics,Systemic Theory, Thermodynamics, Ecology, etc.
Firstly, the paper concludes and uses for references literatures and other theoriesthat focus in Enterprise Resources Management and Circular Economy. Then both theintension and extension of enterprise resources are deepened and extended. Thegeneral resources management thoughts would be brought forward and used intoenterprises sustainable development management, in order to increase the enterprises'values and sustain their competitive advantages. Ultimately the definition ofEnterprise Resources Management System (ERMS) is established.
Secondly, both the quasi ecosystem characteristics and the resource circulationfunction of ERMS would be discussed sufficiently. A thorough analysis in both themicroscopically and sub-macroscopically levels helps to understand how theenterprises and enterprise clusters in ERMS function in the Circular Economy.
Finally, positive analysis in the paper makes clear that ERMS and its resourcecirculation function have great advantages over guiding how Green Supply ChainManagement (GSCM) and Eco-industry Park (EIP) is carried out.
The research both in theoretic and practical way in the paper could besystematically illustrated as follows. Based on Resource-based View (RBV), thecategory of enterprise resources would be extended firstly;and then with the help ofThermodynamics Enterprise Resources System (ERS) is established. Based onSystemic Theory and Thermodynamics, the principles of order-organizingmanagement on ERS are discussed. Furthermore, a model of the order-organizingmanagement on ERS and ERMS model are both brought forth on the basis of theprinciple above;in the light of the analysis to Extended Enterprise ResourcesPlanning (EERP) theory, the theoretic base of ERMS is firmly established. Based onecology theory, the quasi ecosystem characteristics of ERMS are analyzed;in the lightof Hypercycle theory the systemic functions of ERMS is analyzed later. Based onboth several theoretic about circular utilization of resources and Hypercycle theory,the resource circulation function of ERMS is analyzed;and furthermore mathematicalmodel are used to explain the function. Considering the theories about both GSCMand Reverse Logistics and the practices of EIP, the instructional sense andapplications of ERMS and its resource circulation function would be ultimatelydiscussed.
此文在理论与实践结合的系统研究中,重点分析阐述了以下内容:
——基于资源基础论,对企业资源范畴进行拓展;结合热力学系统论原理,建立企业资源系统;
——结合系统论和热力学理论,分析企业资源系统实施有序化管理的原理,并以此为基础,提出企业资源系统有序化管理模型和企业资源管理系统模型;从企业资源计划的拓展理论角度,分析企业资源管理系统建立的理论根基;
——结合生态学理论,分析企业资源管理系统的仿生态系统特性;结合超循环系统理论,分析企业资源管理系统的系统功能;
——基于资源循环利用理论,结合超循环系统理论,分析企业资源管理系统资源循环功能的机理;并建立数理模型进一步阐释企业资源管理系统的资源循环功能机理;
——结合绿色供应链和反向物流的理论和生态工业园实践,分析企业资源管理系统资源循环功能在具体理论和实践中的指导应用。
Base on the theory of Circular Economy, this paper aims to analyze to themanagement issues about enterprise resources which the survival and development ofenterprises and enterprises clusters depend on, with the help of Resource Economics,Systemic Theory, Thermodynamics, Ecology, etc.
Firstly, the paper concludes and uses for references literatures and other theoriesthat focus in Enterprise Resources Management and Circular Economy. Then both theintension and extension of enterprise resources are deepened and extended. Thegeneral resources management thoughts would be brought forward and used intoenterprises sustainable development management, in order to increase the enterprises'values and sustain their competitive advantages. Ultimately the definition ofEnterprise Resources Management System (ERMS) is established.
Secondly, both the quasi ecosystem characteristics and the resource circulationfunction of ERMS would be discussed sufficiently. A thorough analysis in both themicroscopically and sub-macroscopically levels helps to understand how theenterprises and enterprise clusters in ERMS function in the Circular Economy.
Finally, positive analysis in the paper makes clear that ERMS and its resourcecirculation function have great advantages over guiding how Green Supply ChainManagement (GSCM) and Eco-industry Park (EIP) is carried out.
The research both in theoretic and practical way in the paper could besystematically illustrated as follows. Based on Resource-based View (RBV), thecategory of enterprise resources would be extended firstly;and then with the help ofThermodynamics Enterprise Resources System (ERS) is established. Based onSystemic Theory and Thermodynamics, the principles of order-organizingmanagement on ERS are discussed. Furthermore, a model of the order-organizingmanagement on ERS and ERMS model are both brought forth on the basis of theprinciple above;in the light of the analysis to Extended Enterprise ResourcesPlanning (EERP) theory, the theoretic base of ERMS is firmly established. Based onecology theory, the quasi ecosystem characteristics of ERMS are analyzed;in the lightof Hypercycle theory the systemic functions of ERMS is analyzed later. Based onboth several theoretic about circular utilization of resources and Hypercycle theory,the resource circulation function of ERMS is analyzed;and furthermore mathematicalmodel are used to explain the function. Considering the theories about both GSCMand Reverse Logistics and the practices of EIP, the instructional sense andapplications of ERMS and its resource circulation function would be ultimatelydiscussed.
引文
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[2]曲福田.可持续发展的理论与政策选择[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2000
[3]刘成武,杨志荣等编著.自然资源概论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002
[4]封志明编著.资源科学导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2004
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[7]张耀辉.消耗经济学[M].北京:经济管理出版社,2001
[8] David J. Collis, Cynthia A. Montgomery 著,王永贵,杨永恒译,韩经纶校.公司战略——企业的资源与范围[M].辽宁:东北财经大学出版社,2000
[9]张富山.资源管理——潜力的发挥[M].北京:中国计划出版社,2001
[10]Tietenberg T. Environment and natural resource economics,5th ed[M].Addison Wesley Longman,Inc.,2000
[11]王维国.协调发展的理论与方法研究[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2000
[12]钱学富.物理社会学——社会现象演绎理论的探索(第 1 版)[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2002
[13]蔡晓明.生态系统生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2000
[14]马知恩.集群生态学的数学模型与研究[M].安徽:安徽教育出版社,1996
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[17]Daly H. Towards a Steady-State Economy[M].San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Co.,1973
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[19]Brown L.R. Crossing the Threshold——Early signs of an environmental awakening [M].WORLD WATCH,1999
[20]Porter M.E. Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance[M].New York: The Free Press,1985
[21]Narasimhan R.& Carter J.R. Environmental Supply Chain Management[M]. Arizona: Center for Advanced Purchasing Studies,1998
[22]王能民,孙林岩,汪应洛.绿色供应链管理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[23]朱庆华编著.绿色供应链管理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004
[1]周德群.资源概念拓展和面向可持续发展的经济学[J].当代经济科学,1999,21(1):29-32
[2]刘万福,马一太.地球生命系统与可持续发展[J].天津大学学报,2004,37(4):336-340
[3]寇小萱,孟捷,王彦越.企业资源可持续管理系统的资源循环功能与指标构成研究[J].中国管理科学,2004,12(10):585-590
[4]陈德敏.循环经济的核心内涵是资源循环利用——兼论循环经济概念的科学运用[J].中国人口资源与环境,2004,14(2):12-15
[5]陈德敏.中国可再生资源综合利用的战略思路与对策[J].中国软科学,2003(8):1-7
[6]霍明远.知识资源的价值观及其数学表达[J].资源科学,2001,23(4):3-13
[7]李睿.论有序度、信息化与经济管理[J].情报杂志,2003(2):42-45
[8]黄兆良.知识资源及其物化[J].资源科学,2001,23(4):14-20
[9]Wernerfelt B.A resource-based view of the firm[J].Strategic Management Journal, 1984,5(2):171-180
[10]Barney J. B. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage[J]. Journal of Management, 1991,17(1):99-120
[11]Barney J. B. Is the resource-based “view” a useful perspective for strategic management research? Yes. [J].Academy of Management Review, 2001,26(1): 41–56
[12]Priem R. & Butler J. Is the resource-based “view” a useful perspective for strategic management[J].Academy of Management Review,2001,28(1):22-40
[13]Fahy J. & Smithee A. Strategic marketing and the resource based view of the firm[J].Academy of Marketing science review,1999,10(1):1-20
[14]Wright P. M. et al. Human resources and the resource based view of the firm[J].Journal of Management,2001,27(1):701-721
[15]Alvarez S. & Busenitz L. The entrepreneurship of resource-based theory[J]. Journal of Management, 2001, 6(1):755–775
[16]Mahoney J. A resource-based theory of sustainable rents. Journal of Management, 2001, 6(1):651–660
[17]Oliver C. Sustainable competitive advantage: Combining institutional and resource-based views. Strategic Management Journal, 1997,18 (9): 697–713
[18]李心合.面向可持续发展的利益相关者管理[J].当代财经,2001(1):66-70
[19]兰艳泽.论财务管理的泛资源观念[J].当代财经,2002(12):76-79
[20]罗辉道,项保华.资源概念与分类研究[J].科研管理,2005,26(4):99-104
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