曲线梁桥钢管混凝土桥墩的扭转效应研究
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摘要
在曲线钢-混凝土组合梁桥体系中，钢管混凝土墩柱的扭转效应将对整体结构在地震作用下的力学行为产生较大的影响，论文对钢管混凝土柱在复杂受力状态下抗扭的力学性能和数值模型开展了系统的研究，取得的主要研究成果如下：
（1）基于ABAQUS的用户自定义子程序UMAT，开发了不考虑截面非线性扭转效应的钢-混凝土组合结构纤维梁单元，用于组合结构构件在轴力和弯矩作用下的弹塑性滞回反应分析时建模速度、计算效率和精度均较高，在分析构件中仅存在轴力和弯矩作用的结构体系时相比传统建模方式的有限元模型优势较大。
（2）通过14个钢管混凝土柱在不同加载模式下的拟静力往复加载试验，得到了钢管混凝土柱在往复扭矩荷载作用下的破坏过程、破坏模式以及扭矩-扭转角滞回特性，以及在加载全过程中的应变状态及相应的变化规律，初步揭示了钢管混凝土的抗扭机理，并为本文后续研究工作提供了基础试验依据。
（3）基于大型通用有限元程序ABAQUS建立了钢管混凝土柱的“壳-实体”精细有限元模型，同时建立了钢管混凝土柱的“分层筒”理论模型，通过选用合理的混凝土材料本构关系，对钢管混凝土柱的抗扭力学行为进行了有效的模拟计算，进一步揭示了钢管混凝土柱在复杂受力状态下的抗扭机理。
（4）在已有研究基础上，建立了考虑扭转效应的钢管混凝土纤维梁模型，并基于ABAQUS的用户自定义子程序UEL实现了单元的开发，与试验结果的对比结果表明考虑扭转效应的纤维梁模型能够有效考虑钢管混凝土截面的非线性扭转特性，在保证求解结果的准确性及建模速度的同时，可以获得较高的求解效率。
（5）将考虑扭转效应的钢管混凝土纤维梁单元应用于曲线钢-混凝土组合梁桥在地震作用下的弹塑性时程反应分析，考察了模型的有效性和适用性。在此基础上，对曲线钢-混凝土组合梁桥在水平地震作用下的墩柱扭转效应和关键影响参数进行了初步的探讨。
本论文提出的考虑扭转效应的钢管混凝土纤维梁模型可为分析曲线钢-混凝土组合梁桥体系在地震作用下的力学行为和受力机理提供有力的工具。
本论文获得国家自然科学基金项目（51138007），教育部博士研究生“学术新人奖”资助。
In curved steel-concrete composite girder bridge system, the torsion effect in piershas significant influences on the mechanical behavior of structures subjected tohorizontal earthquake load. Therefore, the nonlinear torsion behavior and numericalmodels of concrete filled steel tube columns were comprehensive studied, includingexperimental study, theoretical model, refined finite element model, user-definedsubroutine development and structural system application. The main research works andresults are as follows:
(1) Based on the B31fiber beam-column element and user-defined subroutineUMAT in the general finite element program ABAQUS, the steel-concrete compositefiber beam-column element without consideration of the nonlinear torsion effect wasdeveloped and a serious of uniaxial stress-strain hysteretical relations of steel andconcrete material constitutive models were introduced. When applied for analyzing theelastic-plastic mechanical behavior of steel-concrete composite beams and columns, thehigh modeling efficiency and solution precision could be obtained. Compared with theconvention finite element modeling method, the obvious advantages of thesteel-concrete composite fiber beam-column model could be observed when analyzingthe structural members subjected to combined axial force and bending moment.
(2) The quasi-static test on fourteen concrete filled steel tube columns with varioussection types and load modes was carried out. The torsion moment versus rotation anglehysteretic relations were obtained, and the strain state and developing trend of steeltubes were also observed during the entire loading history. Then the torsion mechanismof concrete filled steel tube columns was preliminary studied, providing a serious of testresults for the subsequent research work in this dissertation.
(3) The refined “shell-solid” finite element model for concrete filled steel tubecolumns subjected to torsion was established, and the theoretical model calledlaminated tubes model was also proposed. The suitable material constitutive modelswere chosen for simulating the mechanical behavior of concrete filled steel tubecolumns subjected to pure torsion, compression-torsion, bending-torsion andcompression-bending-torsion. The torsion mechanism of concrete filled steel tubecolumns were further studied in order to provide the research basis for establishing the fiber beam-column model considering torsion effect.
(4) The shear strain distribution law on the section of the fiber beam-columnelement was assumed based on the refined “shell-solid” finite element model, and theplane section assumption of the normal strain was also introduced. Based on thelaminated tubes model and two-dimensional material constitutive models of steel andconcrete, the fiber beam-column model for concrete filled steel tubes consideringtorsion effect was proposed. Using the FORTRAN language, the proposed fiberbeam-column element considering torsion effect was developed in the user-definedsubroutine UEL in the general finite element program ABAQUS. The good agreementbetween the test results and predicted results could be observed, and the nonlineartorsion behavior of concrete filled steel tube columns was effectively calculated by theproposed fiber beam-column model considering torsion effect. Furthermore, the highsolution efficiency and precision could be achieved.
(5) Applying the proposed fiber beam-column model considering torsion effect inthe curved steel-concrete composite girder bridge subjected to earthquake load, theeffectiveness of the proposed model was investigated. The results showed that the highmodeling efficiency and solution precision could be obtained for analyzing thetime-history response of curved steel-concrete composite girder bridges under thefrequent and rare earthquake load. Then using the fiber beam-column model consideringtorsion effect, the key influencing factors on the torsion effect of curved steel-concretecomposite girder bridges were preliminary discussed.
The proposed fiber beam-column model considering torsion effect for concretefilled steel tube columns and the developed subroutine in this dissertation have provideda powerful research tool for predicting the seismic behavior and mechanism of curvedsteel-concrete composite girder bridge system.
This dissertation is sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProgram (51138007) and Ph.D Candidate “Young Scholar of Distinction” of ChinaEducational Administry.
（1）基于ABAQUS的用户自定义子程序UMAT，开发了不考虑截面非线性扭转效应的钢-混凝土组合结构纤维梁单元，用于组合结构构件在轴力和弯矩作用下的弹塑性滞回反应分析时建模速度、计算效率和精度均较高，在分析构件中仅存在轴力和弯矩作用的结构体系时相比传统建模方式的有限元模型优势较大。
（2）通过14个钢管混凝土柱在不同加载模式下的拟静力往复加载试验，得到了钢管混凝土柱在往复扭矩荷载作用下的破坏过程、破坏模式以及扭矩-扭转角滞回特性，以及在加载全过程中的应变状态及相应的变化规律，初步揭示了钢管混凝土的抗扭机理，并为本文后续研究工作提供了基础试验依据。
（3）基于大型通用有限元程序ABAQUS建立了钢管混凝土柱的“壳-实体”精细有限元模型，同时建立了钢管混凝土柱的“分层筒”理论模型，通过选用合理的混凝土材料本构关系，对钢管混凝土柱的抗扭力学行为进行了有效的模拟计算，进一步揭示了钢管混凝土柱在复杂受力状态下的抗扭机理。
（4）在已有研究基础上，建立了考虑扭转效应的钢管混凝土纤维梁模型，并基于ABAQUS的用户自定义子程序UEL实现了单元的开发，与试验结果的对比结果表明考虑扭转效应的纤维梁模型能够有效考虑钢管混凝土截面的非线性扭转特性，在保证求解结果的准确性及建模速度的同时，可以获得较高的求解效率。
（5）将考虑扭转效应的钢管混凝土纤维梁单元应用于曲线钢-混凝土组合梁桥在地震作用下的弹塑性时程反应分析，考察了模型的有效性和适用性。在此基础上，对曲线钢-混凝土组合梁桥在水平地震作用下的墩柱扭转效应和关键影响参数进行了初步的探讨。
本论文提出的考虑扭转效应的钢管混凝土纤维梁模型可为分析曲线钢-混凝土组合梁桥体系在地震作用下的力学行为和受力机理提供有力的工具。
本论文获得国家自然科学基金项目（51138007），教育部博士研究生“学术新人奖”资助。
In curved steel-concrete composite girder bridge system, the torsion effect in piershas significant influences on the mechanical behavior of structures subjected tohorizontal earthquake load. Therefore, the nonlinear torsion behavior and numericalmodels of concrete filled steel tube columns were comprehensive studied, includingexperimental study, theoretical model, refined finite element model, user-definedsubroutine development and structural system application. The main research works andresults are as follows:
(1) Based on the B31fiber beam-column element and user-defined subroutineUMAT in the general finite element program ABAQUS, the steel-concrete compositefiber beam-column element without consideration of the nonlinear torsion effect wasdeveloped and a serious of uniaxial stress-strain hysteretical relations of steel andconcrete material constitutive models were introduced. When applied for analyzing theelastic-plastic mechanical behavior of steel-concrete composite beams and columns, thehigh modeling efficiency and solution precision could be obtained. Compared with theconvention finite element modeling method, the obvious advantages of thesteel-concrete composite fiber beam-column model could be observed when analyzingthe structural members subjected to combined axial force and bending moment.
(2) The quasi-static test on fourteen concrete filled steel tube columns with varioussection types and load modes was carried out. The torsion moment versus rotation anglehysteretic relations were obtained, and the strain state and developing trend of steeltubes were also observed during the entire loading history. Then the torsion mechanismof concrete filled steel tube columns was preliminary studied, providing a serious of testresults for the subsequent research work in this dissertation.
(3) The refined “shell-solid” finite element model for concrete filled steel tubecolumns subjected to torsion was established, and the theoretical model calledlaminated tubes model was also proposed. The suitable material constitutive modelswere chosen for simulating the mechanical behavior of concrete filled steel tubecolumns subjected to pure torsion, compression-torsion, bending-torsion andcompression-bending-torsion. The torsion mechanism of concrete filled steel tubecolumns were further studied in order to provide the research basis for establishing the fiber beam-column model considering torsion effect.
(4) The shear strain distribution law on the section of the fiber beam-columnelement was assumed based on the refined “shell-solid” finite element model, and theplane section assumption of the normal strain was also introduced. Based on thelaminated tubes model and two-dimensional material constitutive models of steel andconcrete, the fiber beam-column model for concrete filled steel tubes consideringtorsion effect was proposed. Using the FORTRAN language, the proposed fiberbeam-column element considering torsion effect was developed in the user-definedsubroutine UEL in the general finite element program ABAQUS. The good agreementbetween the test results and predicted results could be observed, and the nonlineartorsion behavior of concrete filled steel tube columns was effectively calculated by theproposed fiber beam-column model considering torsion effect. Furthermore, the highsolution efficiency and precision could be achieved.
(5) Applying the proposed fiber beam-column model considering torsion effect inthe curved steel-concrete composite girder bridge subjected to earthquake load, theeffectiveness of the proposed model was investigated. The results showed that the highmodeling efficiency and solution precision could be obtained for analyzing thetime-history response of curved steel-concrete composite girder bridges under thefrequent and rare earthquake load. Then using the fiber beam-column model consideringtorsion effect, the key influencing factors on the torsion effect of curved steel-concretecomposite girder bridges were preliminary discussed.
The proposed fiber beam-column model considering torsion effect for concretefilled steel tube columns and the developed subroutine in this dissertation have provideda powerful research tool for predicting the seismic behavior and mechanism of curvedsteel-concrete composite girder bridge system.
This dissertation is sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProgram (51138007) and Ph.D Candidate “Young Scholar of Distinction” of ChinaEducational Administry.
引文
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