基于资源杠杆的新型SCMM研究
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摘要
本文主要是基于资源杠杆模式,研究了新型供应链成熟度模型(SCMM,Supply Chain Maturity Model)的理论和方法。这一模型是支持供应链网络结构创新和集成管理改善的体系。
利用资源杠杆详细地分析了资源、供应链网络和供应链集成管理三个杠杆要素,证明了三者对企业获取竞争优势具有强大的支持作用。进而,提出必须对供应链网络结构实施合理的创新、对供应链集成管理实施合理地改善。
针对创新和改善要求,分析了环境影响下的MICK资源整合问题,并在此基础上分析了不同环境下的供应链系统结构及其管理特点。为证明其科学性,文章采用调研问卷的实证研究的方式。构建了评估环境影响资源整合的两个维度——资源可见性和资源可得性;根据这些维度,文章将环境分成三个类型,并给出了各种环境类型下的典型供应链结构。在此基础上建立了新型SCMM的框架,提出了结构成熟度、管理成熟度和供应链成熟度等模型的基础概念;提出了“先结构成熟、再管理成熟”的供应链创新理念。
提出了评估环境类型的题目和方法,帮助企业初步确定其合理的供应链网络结构。利用突变理论,给出了在收益和成本变化情况下,精确地建立合理的供应链网络结构的条件。为供应链结构的合理创新提供了科学的依据。
论证了管理成熟度与供应链绩效间存在着正相关性;提出了评估供应链管理成熟度的评估指标和判定供应链管理成熟度等级的具体方法;利用管理成熟度与绩效之间的正相关性,通过改善供应链管理绩效,给出了提升供应链管理成熟度的方法。
The theories and methods of a new SCMM (Supply Chain Maturity Model) are researched based on Resources Leverage Model. And this model is a system supporting the innovation of supply chain network structure and integrative management.
Resources, supply chain network and supply chain integrative management are three elements of Resources leverage and analyzed in detail. The supportive effects of three elements for enterprises to achieve competitive advantages are proved. Furthermore, the necessity for supply chain network structure innovation and supply chain integration management improvement is given.
Aiming to the requirement of innovation, the resources integration is analyzed under the conditions of environment. Based on that, the structure of supply chain network and characters of management are analyzed under different environments. The investigation questionnaire is used to prove the reasonability of above analysis. Two dimensions to evaluate the impact of environment for the resources integration are presented as resources visibility and resource availability. After that, environment is divided into three types and different typical supply chain structures under three types of environment are given. Based on that, the framework of a new Supply Chain Maturity Model is created, the concepts of Structure Maturity, Management Maturity and Supply Chain Maturity are put forward, and the idea of supply chain innovation that“Structure Maturity First, then Management Maturity Second”is given.
The questions and method to evaluate environment is given, which can help enterprises to confirm its reasonable supply chain network structure primarily. And then the conditions to create rational supply chain network structure accurately are presented with the changing of income and trade cost.
The positive relation between Management Maturity and performance is argued. The measures and method to evaluate Management Maturity is given. The method to improve Management Maturity based on the positive relation between Management Maturity and performance is given.
利用资源杠杆详细地分析了资源、供应链网络和供应链集成管理三个杠杆要素,证明了三者对企业获取竞争优势具有强大的支持作用。进而,提出必须对供应链网络结构实施合理的创新、对供应链集成管理实施合理地改善。
针对创新和改善要求,分析了环境影响下的MICK资源整合问题,并在此基础上分析了不同环境下的供应链系统结构及其管理特点。为证明其科学性,文章采用调研问卷的实证研究的方式。构建了评估环境影响资源整合的两个维度——资源可见性和资源可得性;根据这些维度,文章将环境分成三个类型,并给出了各种环境类型下的典型供应链结构。在此基础上建立了新型SCMM的框架,提出了结构成熟度、管理成熟度和供应链成熟度等模型的基础概念;提出了“先结构成熟、再管理成熟”的供应链创新理念。
提出了评估环境类型的题目和方法,帮助企业初步确定其合理的供应链网络结构。利用突变理论,给出了在收益和成本变化情况下,精确地建立合理的供应链网络结构的条件。为供应链结构的合理创新提供了科学的依据。
论证了管理成熟度与供应链绩效间存在着正相关性;提出了评估供应链管理成熟度的评估指标和判定供应链管理成熟度等级的具体方法;利用管理成熟度与绩效之间的正相关性,通过改善供应链管理绩效,给出了提升供应链管理成熟度的方法。
The theories and methods of a new SCMM (Supply Chain Maturity Model) are researched based on Resources Leverage Model. And this model is a system supporting the innovation of supply chain network structure and integrative management.
Resources, supply chain network and supply chain integrative management are three elements of Resources leverage and analyzed in detail. The supportive effects of three elements for enterprises to achieve competitive advantages are proved. Furthermore, the necessity for supply chain network structure innovation and supply chain integration management improvement is given.
Aiming to the requirement of innovation, the resources integration is analyzed under the conditions of environment. Based on that, the structure of supply chain network and characters of management are analyzed under different environments. The investigation questionnaire is used to prove the reasonability of above analysis. Two dimensions to evaluate the impact of environment for the resources integration are presented as resources visibility and resource availability. After that, environment is divided into three types and different typical supply chain structures under three types of environment are given. Based on that, the framework of a new Supply Chain Maturity Model is created, the concepts of Structure Maturity, Management Maturity and Supply Chain Maturity are put forward, and the idea of supply chain innovation that“Structure Maturity First, then Management Maturity Second”is given.
The questions and method to evaluate environment is given, which can help enterprises to confirm its reasonable supply chain network structure primarily. And then the conditions to create rational supply chain network structure accurately are presented with the changing of income and trade cost.
The positive relation between Management Maturity and performance is argued. The measures and method to evaluate Management Maturity is given. The method to improve Management Maturity based on the positive relation between Management Maturity and performance is given.
引文
①南方网-南方都市报“记者直击“黑豆腐”进沃尔玛大型超市过程”,http://finance.sina.com.cn/x/81985,html
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[2] ZHAO Daozhi and FANG Miao.“The Key of Network Manufacturing: Integrating Material, Information, Capital and Knowledge Flows”, The Proceedings of The 7th Annual International Manufacturing Symposium (ISBN 1-902546-23-7), Cambridge, UK, Sep. 2002.
[3] Shoshanah Cohen, Joseph Roussel. Strategic Supply Chain Management[M], McGraw-Hill Copanines, Inc.2005.
[4] Chopra. Supply Chain Management : Strategy, Planning, and Operation[M]. Prentice Hal,2000.
[5]赵道致,21世纪全球制造业重新布局与我国制造业发展对策研究,国家软科学计划项目结题报告(编号:2003DGQ2D090)
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[9] Barney, J.B. Strategic Factor Market: Expectation, Luck, and Business Strategy, Management Science, 1986(42):1231-1241
[10] Barney, J.B. Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive , Journal of Management, 1991(1): 99-120.
[11] Robinson, Joan. Economics of imperfect competition, London: Macmillan, 1933
[12] Chamberlin, Edward E. Theory of monopolistic competition, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1933
[13] Walter W.C. Chung. Anthony Y. K. Yam and Michael F. S. Chan. Networked enterprise: A new business model for global sourcing, International Journal of Production Economics, 2004, 87 (3): 267-280
[14] Dierickx, I. and Cool, K. Asset Stock Accumulation and Sustainability of Competitive Advantage, Management Science, 1989, 3(5): 1504-1511.
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