铁路隧道结构设计系统的研究与开发
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摘要
随着我国铁路的蓬勃发展,尤其是近几年客运专线的全面建设,铁路隧道工程进入大规模修建的年代,与此相关,科学合理地设计建设铁路隧道是隧道未来发展的必然方向。目前,隧道设计多采用工程类比的方法,将既有隧道资料进行统计、分类,为决策提供依据具有重要意义。同时利用其他隧道支护设计方法进行支护设计检验可以提高设计的可靠度。因此,如何有效地管理铁路隧道设计和建设的信息,并能实现对已有信息便捷的查询,获得相似条件下的隧道资料进行参考,以及对新建隧道进行科学地设计,成为铁路隧道建设中的重要课题。
论文通过对大量隧道数据的研究,归纳出铁路隧道最基本及最重要的信息,系统总结目前国内外主要的支护设计方法,利用围岩特征曲线法进行初期支护计算,开发了铁路隧道结构设计系统。论文主要成果如下：
(1)掌握国内外有关隧道系统的最新研究动态及铁路隧道设计要点,根据已有工程和研究资料,建立我国铁路隧道数据库及初期支护设计系统。
(2)构建高效的系统后台数据库,设计简洁友好的界面,实现数据信息的输入、输出、查询、修改和删除等操作。
(3)数值模拟分析围岩三维动态变形特性,系统总结隧道结构设计的理论和方法,为系统内部计算选择合适的方法。
(4)利用本系统计算某隧道初期支护的安全系数,为设计者和施工人员提供可靠的参考,保证隧道工程的顺利完成。并用数值模拟的方法验证系统计算结果的可靠性。
With the vigorous development of Chinese railway construction, and especially based on the overall construction of passenger dedicated railways these years, a great deal of railway tunnels are being built nowadays. Therefore, it is an inevitable direction that railway tunnels should be designed and built scientifically, and reasonably. The engineering analogy method is widely used in tunnel design at present, thus it has important significance to make statistical classification of existing tunnel data, which could provide support for engineering decision. Meanwhile, it could improve design reliability by testing support strength when using other support design method. As a result, the followings become important subjects in railway tunnel construction:how to manage the design and construction information of railway tunnels effectively; how to query the existing information conveniently; how to obtain similar tunnel data for reference; how to design a new tunnel scientifically.
According to the study on great number of tunnel data, this paper concludes the most basic and important information of the railway tunnel, gets a systematic induction of main support design methods at home and abroad, and develops a structure design system of railway tunnel, by using rock characteristic curve for initial support calculation. The main achievements of the paper are as follows:
(1) Get mastery for latest development of tunnel system, as well as main points of railway tunnel design. According to existing engineering and research data, develop the data base for railway tunnels and system for initial support design.
(2) Build effective rearward data base, design simple and friendly interface, and realize the function of input, output, searching, modification and deleting.
(3) Analyze 3D dynamical deformation properties of rocks by numerical simulation method, get systematic conclusion of the theory and methods of tunnel structure design, and choose suitable method for calculation inside system.
(4) Calculate the safety factor of the initial tunnel support by using the system, and provide reasonable conference for the engineers, to assure the project finished. Test the reliability of the result calculated by the system and by numerical simulation method.
论文通过对大量隧道数据的研究,归纳出铁路隧道最基本及最重要的信息,系统总结目前国内外主要的支护设计方法,利用围岩特征曲线法进行初期支护计算,开发了铁路隧道结构设计系统。论文主要成果如下：
(1)掌握国内外有关隧道系统的最新研究动态及铁路隧道设计要点,根据已有工程和研究资料,建立我国铁路隧道数据库及初期支护设计系统。
(2)构建高效的系统后台数据库,设计简洁友好的界面,实现数据信息的输入、输出、查询、修改和删除等操作。
(3)数值模拟分析围岩三维动态变形特性,系统总结隧道结构设计的理论和方法,为系统内部计算选择合适的方法。
(4)利用本系统计算某隧道初期支护的安全系数,为设计者和施工人员提供可靠的参考,保证隧道工程的顺利完成。并用数值模拟的方法验证系统计算结果的可靠性。
With the vigorous development of Chinese railway construction, and especially based on the overall construction of passenger dedicated railways these years, a great deal of railway tunnels are being built nowadays. Therefore, it is an inevitable direction that railway tunnels should be designed and built scientifically, and reasonably. The engineering analogy method is widely used in tunnel design at present, thus it has important significance to make statistical classification of existing tunnel data, which could provide support for engineering decision. Meanwhile, it could improve design reliability by testing support strength when using other support design method. As a result, the followings become important subjects in railway tunnel construction:how to manage the design and construction information of railway tunnels effectively; how to query the existing information conveniently; how to obtain similar tunnel data for reference; how to design a new tunnel scientifically.
According to the study on great number of tunnel data, this paper concludes the most basic and important information of the railway tunnel, gets a systematic induction of main support design methods at home and abroad, and develops a structure design system of railway tunnel, by using rock characteristic curve for initial support calculation. The main achievements of the paper are as follows:
(1) Get mastery for latest development of tunnel system, as well as main points of railway tunnel design. According to existing engineering and research data, develop the data base for railway tunnels and system for initial support design.
(2) Build effective rearward data base, design simple and friendly interface, and realize the function of input, output, searching, modification and deleting.
(3) Analyze 3D dynamical deformation properties of rocks by numerical simulation method, get systematic conclusion of the theory and methods of tunnel structure design, and choose suitable method for calculation inside system.
(4) Calculate the safety factor of the initial tunnel support by using the system, and provide reasonable conference for the engineers, to assure the project finished. Test the reliability of the result calculated by the system and by numerical simulation method.
引文
[1]铁道部工程设计鉴定中心.高速铁路隧道[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2006
[2]中铁第四勘查设计院集团有限公司.高速铁路隧道支护参数优化专题研究报告[R].武汉：,2010
[3]王行言Oracle数据库应用开发基础[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2002
[4]冯夏庭,林韵梅.岩石力学与工程专家系统研究新进展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1995,14(1)：85-91
[5]刘建航.上海软土隧道盾构施工技术专家系统综述[J].地下工程与隧道,1995,2：2-8
[6]软土隧道盾构施工专家系统[J].新工艺新技术,1995,9：20-21
[7]张清,田盛丰,莫元彬.铁路隧道围岩分类专家系统[J].铁道学报,1989,12(11)：66-71
[8]孙吉堂.隧道爆破快速设计专家系统[J].铁道标准设计,1999,7：16-18
[9]张清.人工智能在岩石力学与岩石工程中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1986,5(4)：389-395
[10]闫金安.专家系统在岩土工程中应用的评价[J].岩土力学,1991,12(3)：71-77
[11]朱维申,何满潮.复杂条件下围岩稳定性与岩体动态施工力学[M].北京：科学出版社,1996.
[12]刘高.高应力区结构性流变围岩稳定性研究(博士学位论文)[D].成都：成都理工大学,2001.
[13]朱合华,丁文其.地下结构施工过程的动态仿真模拟分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(5)：558-562.
[14]金丰年,钱七虎.隧洞开挖的三维有限元计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1996,15(3)：193-200.
[15]王梦恕,张梅.铁路隧道建设理念和设计原则[J].中国工程学,2009,11(12)：4-8
[16]汤曙光.专家系统在岩土工程中的应用[J].黑龙江科技信息,2009,6：6-6
[17]贺少辉.地下工程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006
[18]谭云亮,王泳嘉.巷道围岩塑性状态判定分析方法[J].工程地质学报,1996,4(2)：63-68.
[19]久武胜保,樱井春辅,伊滕富雄.软岩隧道的非线性弹塑性状态[J].隧道译丛,1992(1)：11-18.
[20]刘夕才,林韵梅.软岩巷道弹塑性分析[[J].岩土力学,1994.15(2)：27-35.
[21]M. Panet et al. Analysis of convergence behind the face of tunnel. Tunnelling, 1982.197-204.
[22]P.Lunardi. The influence of rigidity of the advance core on the safety of tunnel excavations[J]. Tunnel,1998(8):32-44.
[23]Wang Y. Ground response of circular tunnel in poorly consolidated rock[J]. ASCE Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,1996,122:703-708.
[24]朱维申,何满潮.复杂条件下围岩稳定性与岩体动态施工力学[M].北京：科学出版社,1996.
[25]陈宗基.关键在于正确的概念[J].水文地质与工程地质,1982(4)：5-10.
[26]严鹏,卢文波,周创兵.非均匀应力场中初始应力动态卸载所诱发的围岩振动分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(4)：773-781.
[27]何满潮,景海河,孙晓明.软岩工程力学[M].北京：科学出版社,2002.
[28]E. TBrown, E. Hoek Trends in Relationships between measured in-situ stresses and depth. Int. J.Rock.}llech.Mining Science.1978,15(4).
[29]MAXWELL S C,YOUNG R P, READ R S.A micro-velocity tool to assess the excavation damaged zone[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998, 35(21:235-247.
[30]张有天,胡惠昌.地应力场的趋势分析[J].水利学报,1984(4)：31-38.
[31]H. Wanger. Design and support of underground excavation in high stressed rock, Keynote paper. In:Proc. of 6th ISRM Congress, Montreal,1987(3).
[32]蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京：科学出版社,2002,307-326.
[33]凌贤长,蔡得所.岩体力学[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002.
[34]陈琴,余飞扬,朱正强.C#与C++的区别[J].微型机与应用.2002,10.
[35]关晓涛.基于Map Objects与C#语言的供水管网地理信息系统框架的设计与实现[D].北京工业大学.2004
[36]王爱宁.SQL Server数据库应用探析[J].煤炭技术.2010.5
[37]JENEY F. Microsoft SQL Server 2000 optimization guide[M].New York:Prentice Hall PTR,2001:250-252.
[38]LEHTOJARIA M.SQL Server 2000 I/O configuration[J].Computer Communication Review,2000, 1(26):35-36.
[39]CHAUDHURIS, CHRISTENSENE. Self-tuning technology in Microsoft SQL Server[J].IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin,1999,22(2):20-21.
[40]詹英.数据库应用技术[M].杭州：浙江大学出版社,2005：35-36.
[41]吴豪.SQL Server 2000提高[M].北京：希望电子出版社,2007：15-16.
[42]肖慎勇.SQL Server数据库管理与开发[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006：55-56.
[43]赵松涛.SQL Server 2000系统管理与应用开发[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2006：48-49.
[44]罗诗佳,陈超,郭文学,张伟航.C#与Matlab混合编程技术在矿山沉降预测中的应用[J].矿山测量.2010.4
[45]朱合华.地下建筑结构[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[46]张顶立,王梦恕,高军.复杂围岩条件下大跨隧道修建技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(2)
[47]蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京：科学出版社,2002
[48]徐志纶.弹性力学[M].人民教育出版社.1979,8.
[49]凌贤长,蔡得所.岩体力学[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002.
[50]陶履彬,侯学渊圆形隧道的应力场和位移场[J].隧道及地下工程,1986,7(1)
[51]孙均,侯学渊.地下结构[M].北京：科学出版社,1988.
[52]施仲衡,张弥等.地下铁道设计与施工[M].西安：陕西科学技术出版社,1997
[53]关宝树.隧道工程维修管理要点集[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2004.
[2]中铁第四勘查设计院集团有限公司.高速铁路隧道支护参数优化专题研究报告[R].武汉：,2010
[3]王行言Oracle数据库应用开发基础[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2002
[4]冯夏庭,林韵梅.岩石力学与工程专家系统研究新进展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1995,14(1)：85-91
[5]刘建航.上海软土隧道盾构施工技术专家系统综述[J].地下工程与隧道,1995,2：2-8
[6]软土隧道盾构施工专家系统[J].新工艺新技术,1995,9：20-21
[7]张清,田盛丰,莫元彬.铁路隧道围岩分类专家系统[J].铁道学报,1989,12(11)：66-71
[8]孙吉堂.隧道爆破快速设计专家系统[J].铁道标准设计,1999,7：16-18
[9]张清.人工智能在岩石力学与岩石工程中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1986,5(4)：389-395
[10]闫金安.专家系统在岩土工程中应用的评价[J].岩土力学,1991,12(3)：71-77
[11]朱维申,何满潮.复杂条件下围岩稳定性与岩体动态施工力学[M].北京：科学出版社,1996.
[12]刘高.高应力区结构性流变围岩稳定性研究(博士学位论文)[D].成都：成都理工大学,2001.
[13]朱合华,丁文其.地下结构施工过程的动态仿真模拟分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(5)：558-562.
[14]金丰年,钱七虎.隧洞开挖的三维有限元计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1996,15(3)：193-200.
[15]王梦恕,张梅.铁路隧道建设理念和设计原则[J].中国工程学,2009,11(12)：4-8
[16]汤曙光.专家系统在岩土工程中的应用[J].黑龙江科技信息,2009,6：6-6
[17]贺少辉.地下工程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006
[18]谭云亮,王泳嘉.巷道围岩塑性状态判定分析方法[J].工程地质学报,1996,4(2)：63-68.
[19]久武胜保,樱井春辅,伊滕富雄.软岩隧道的非线性弹塑性状态[J].隧道译丛,1992(1)：11-18.
[20]刘夕才,林韵梅.软岩巷道弹塑性分析[[J].岩土力学,1994.15(2)：27-35.
[21]M. Panet et al. Analysis of convergence behind the face of tunnel. Tunnelling, 1982.197-204.
[22]P.Lunardi. The influence of rigidity of the advance core on the safety of tunnel excavations[J]. Tunnel,1998(8):32-44.
[23]Wang Y. Ground response of circular tunnel in poorly consolidated rock[J]. ASCE Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,1996,122:703-708.
[24]朱维申,何满潮.复杂条件下围岩稳定性与岩体动态施工力学[M].北京：科学出版社,1996.
[25]陈宗基.关键在于正确的概念[J].水文地质与工程地质,1982(4)：5-10.
[26]严鹏,卢文波,周创兵.非均匀应力场中初始应力动态卸载所诱发的围岩振动分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(4)：773-781.
[27]何满潮,景海河,孙晓明.软岩工程力学[M].北京：科学出版社,2002.
[28]E. TBrown, E. Hoek Trends in Relationships between measured in-situ stresses and depth. Int. J.Rock.}llech.Mining Science.1978,15(4).
[29]MAXWELL S C,YOUNG R P, READ R S.A micro-velocity tool to assess the excavation damaged zone[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998, 35(21:235-247.
[30]张有天,胡惠昌.地应力场的趋势分析[J].水利学报,1984(4)：31-38.
[31]H. Wanger. Design and support of underground excavation in high stressed rock, Keynote paper. In:Proc. of 6th ISRM Congress, Montreal,1987(3).
[32]蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京：科学出版社,2002,307-326.
[33]凌贤长,蔡得所.岩体力学[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002.
[34]陈琴,余飞扬,朱正强.C#与C++的区别[J].微型机与应用.2002,10.
[35]关晓涛.基于Map Objects与C#语言的供水管网地理信息系统框架的设计与实现[D].北京工业大学.2004
[36]王爱宁.SQL Server数据库应用探析[J].煤炭技术.2010.5
[37]JENEY F. Microsoft SQL Server 2000 optimization guide[M].New York:Prentice Hall PTR,2001:250-252.
[38]LEHTOJARIA M.SQL Server 2000 I/O configuration[J].Computer Communication Review,2000, 1(26):35-36.
[39]CHAUDHURIS, CHRISTENSENE. Self-tuning technology in Microsoft SQL Server[J].IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin,1999,22(2):20-21.
[40]詹英.数据库应用技术[M].杭州：浙江大学出版社,2005：35-36.
[41]吴豪.SQL Server 2000提高[M].北京：希望电子出版社,2007：15-16.
[42]肖慎勇.SQL Server数据库管理与开发[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006：55-56.
[43]赵松涛.SQL Server 2000系统管理与应用开发[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2006：48-49.
[44]罗诗佳,陈超,郭文学,张伟航.C#与Matlab混合编程技术在矿山沉降预测中的应用[J].矿山测量.2010.4
[45]朱合华.地下建筑结构[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[46]张顶立,王梦恕,高军.复杂围岩条件下大跨隧道修建技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(2)
[47]蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京：科学出版社,2002
[48]徐志纶.弹性力学[M].人民教育出版社.1979,8.
[49]凌贤长,蔡得所.岩体力学[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002.
[50]陶履彬,侯学渊圆形隧道的应力场和位移场[J].隧道及地下工程,1986,7(1)
[51]孙均,侯学渊.地下结构[M].北京：科学出版社,1988.
[52]施仲衡,张弥等.地下铁道设计与施工[M].西安：陕西科学技术出版社,1997
[53]关宝树.隧道工程维修管理要点集[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2004.