CTCS-3级列控系统RBC设置及容量计算方法研究
摘要
RBC(Radio Block Centre,无线闭塞中心)系统是我国CTCS-3(Chinese Train Control System)级列车控制系统的核心地面子系统。随着CTCS-3级客运专线的飞速建设,有关RBC的工程设计不仅是高速铁路建设的有效理论依据,而且也是列车运行安全性的重要保证。但因为RBC设备的造价极高,而且其设置及容量的计算也只是靠经验,目前仍没有一个规范和标准,所以,针对RBC设置及容量的计算方法研究是非常有必要的。本文通过对RBC容量参数的分析,提出了一种新的RBC设置及容量的计算方法,并进行了仿真验证。
在阐述RBC系统结构及功能的基础上,通过对不同公司所生产RBC的对比分析,提出了一种新的基于GSM-R(GSM for Railways)网络技术的RBC容量参数选取方法,并利用选取出的参数来解决RBC设置问题。通过对RBC控制对象,控制范围以及系统参数的分析,提出了以RBC的接口能力,控制能力和维护适用性三个方面为基本原则的计算方法研究。
Petri网是一种网状信息流模型,它不仅能用图形符号表示事件的原因和结果之间的关系,而且能表示系统的动态行为。所以,在分析接口能力时,利用Petri网技术,对RBC与各个接口的通信过程进行简化,并构建网络模型,得出了关联矩阵和系统的交互时间。通过对交互能力的仿真分析,结果表明设计的模型可以有效利用交互时间计算出RBC的接口能力。
为了便于维护和管理,RBC采用集中设置的原则。但是在远端RBC切换和大站的RBC设置等问题上,仍不能保证RBC设置的准确性。所以针对以上问题,提出了一线多站与一站多场的RBC设置方案。通过对RBC控制能力等相关因素的分析,给出了RBC控车能力的计算公式,公式可以针对实际线路数据计算出RBC的控车数量。最后,以实际郑西和武广客运专线的数据对RBC控车能力的计算方法进行了仿真验证,结果证明该方法的有效性和可行性。
以RBC自身的系统容量为基础,通过对接口能力中交互时间以及控制能力中列车数量的计算,应用本文提出的新的计算方法可以有效的解决RBC的设置问题,为工程设计提供了有效依据。
RBC (Radio Block Centre) is the core ground subsystem of the CTCS-3 (China Train Control System). With speeding up the construction of the passenger dedicated line with CTCS-3 train control system, the engineering design of RBC is not only the effective theoretical basis in high-speed railway construction, but also the important guarantee of security in a running train. However, as the cost of RBC devices is high and their calculation of setting and capacity only depends on experience, there is no reliable method and standard now. Therefore, it is very necessary to research the calculation method of RBC setting and capacity. By analysis of the parameters of RBC's own capacity, the dissertation proposes a new calculation method of RBC setting and capacity and gives the simulation to verify its correctness.
Based on the description of the RBC system's structure and function, by the comparative analysis of RBC, which is produced by different company, it is proposed that a new selection method of RBC devices capacity parameters based on GSM-R network technology. Then, the parameters which are selected by new method are used to solve RBC setting problem. By analysising of control objects, the range of control for RBC and system parameters, the dissertation proposes the calculation method of RBC devices setting focus on the three aspects of basic principles, which are control ability, interface capability and maintenance of the applicability.
Petri net is a network information flow model. Graphical symbols can be used not only the relationship of the event between cause and effect, but also that the system's dynamic behavior, so when the ability of the interface is being analysised, using Petri Net technology to simplify the communication process of RBC through interfaces with other systems. The network models are built to get the state transition matrix and interaction time. With the analysis of simulation, the result shows that the designed formulas can use the interaction time to calculate RBC interface capability effectively.
For ease of maintenance and management, the principle of centralized setting is adopted by RBC. But in the issue of remote switch and the RBC settings in large station, it can not guarantee the accuracy of RBC setting. Therefore, for these issues, it is proposed the two programs of multi-station in one line and multi-parts in one station. According to the analysis of related factors of RBC such as control ability, the formulas of RBC train control ablity are given to calculate the number of trains in RBC's control range. Finally, using the datas of Wuguang and Zhengxi passenger dedicated line to simulate the calculation method, it is simulated that this method is effective and feasible in the calculation method of the train control ability of RBC.
Based on RBC system's own capacity, by calculating the interaction time in interface ability and the number of trains in control ability, application of the proposed new method can effectively solve the problem of RBC setting and provide an effective basis for RBC engineering design.
在阐述RBC系统结构及功能的基础上,通过对不同公司所生产RBC的对比分析,提出了一种新的基于GSM-R(GSM for Railways)网络技术的RBC容量参数选取方法,并利用选取出的参数来解决RBC设置问题。通过对RBC控制对象,控制范围以及系统参数的分析,提出了以RBC的接口能力,控制能力和维护适用性三个方面为基本原则的计算方法研究。
Petri网是一种网状信息流模型,它不仅能用图形符号表示事件的原因和结果之间的关系,而且能表示系统的动态行为。所以,在分析接口能力时,利用Petri网技术,对RBC与各个接口的通信过程进行简化,并构建网络模型,得出了关联矩阵和系统的交互时间。通过对交互能力的仿真分析,结果表明设计的模型可以有效利用交互时间计算出RBC的接口能力。
为了便于维护和管理,RBC采用集中设置的原则。但是在远端RBC切换和大站的RBC设置等问题上,仍不能保证RBC设置的准确性。所以针对以上问题,提出了一线多站与一站多场的RBC设置方案。通过对RBC控制能力等相关因素的分析,给出了RBC控车能力的计算公式,公式可以针对实际线路数据计算出RBC的控车数量。最后,以实际郑西和武广客运专线的数据对RBC控车能力的计算方法进行了仿真验证,结果证明该方法的有效性和可行性。
以RBC自身的系统容量为基础,通过对接口能力中交互时间以及控制能力中列车数量的计算,应用本文提出的新的计算方法可以有效的解决RBC的设置问题,为工程设计提供了有效依据。
RBC (Radio Block Centre) is the core ground subsystem of the CTCS-3 (China Train Control System). With speeding up the construction of the passenger dedicated line with CTCS-3 train control system, the engineering design of RBC is not only the effective theoretical basis in high-speed railway construction, but also the important guarantee of security in a running train. However, as the cost of RBC devices is high and their calculation of setting and capacity only depends on experience, there is no reliable method and standard now. Therefore, it is very necessary to research the calculation method of RBC setting and capacity. By analysis of the parameters of RBC's own capacity, the dissertation proposes a new calculation method of RBC setting and capacity and gives the simulation to verify its correctness.
Based on the description of the RBC system's structure and function, by the comparative analysis of RBC, which is produced by different company, it is proposed that a new selection method of RBC devices capacity parameters based on GSM-R network technology. Then, the parameters which are selected by new method are used to solve RBC setting problem. By analysising of control objects, the range of control for RBC and system parameters, the dissertation proposes the calculation method of RBC devices setting focus on the three aspects of basic principles, which are control ability, interface capability and maintenance of the applicability.
Petri net is a network information flow model. Graphical symbols can be used not only the relationship of the event between cause and effect, but also that the system's dynamic behavior, so when the ability of the interface is being analysised, using Petri Net technology to simplify the communication process of RBC through interfaces with other systems. The network models are built to get the state transition matrix and interaction time. With the analysis of simulation, the result shows that the designed formulas can use the interaction time to calculate RBC interface capability effectively.
For ease of maintenance and management, the principle of centralized setting is adopted by RBC. But in the issue of remote switch and the RBC settings in large station, it can not guarantee the accuracy of RBC setting. Therefore, for these issues, it is proposed the two programs of multi-station in one line and multi-parts in one station. According to the analysis of related factors of RBC such as control ability, the formulas of RBC train control ablity are given to calculate the number of trains in RBC's control range. Finally, using the datas of Wuguang and Zhengxi passenger dedicated line to simulate the calculation method, it is simulated that this method is effective and feasible in the calculation method of the train control ability of RBC.
Based on RBC system's own capacity, by calculating the interaction time in interface ability and the number of trains in control ability, application of the proposed new method can effectively solve the problem of RBC setting and provide an effective basis for RBC engineering design.
引文
[1]张弘毅.无线闭塞中心研究与仿真[D].北京：北京交通大学,2006.
[2]彭传贤.基于单片机的无线闭塞中心原理样机的设计与实现[D].北京：北京交通大学,2008.
[3]ATS.ATC[M].(改订版).东京：日本铁道电气技术协会,2005.
[4]聂超.CTCS-3列控无线闭塞中心研究与仿真[D].成都：西南交通大学,2010.
[5]Cesar Briso,Carlos Cortes,F.Jose Arques.Requirements Of GSM Technology For The Control Of High Speed Trains[J]. Pimrc,2002,20(7):792-793.
[6]Paul V Craven,Stephen Craven.Security Of ATCS Wireless Railway Communications[J]. Joint Rail Conference,2005,88(3):227-238.
[7]吴余萍.GSM-R技术及其在青藏铁路线上的应用研究[D].济南：山东大学.2004.
[8]沈志凌.高速铁路CTCS-3列控系统无线闭塞中心设备数量计算原则和方法的研究[J].铁道标准设计,2009,(增刊),136-137.
[9]H Hofestadt.GSM-R Global System For Mobile Radio Communications For Railways[J]. Electric Railways in a United Europe,1995,66(12):111-115.
[10]Chang-Hee Cho,Jae-Duck Lee,Joo-Hoon Lee.Design Of The Train Network Simulator Based Ontrain Communication Network[J]. Pusan:Sci Info Center For Resources And Environment,2001, 57(12):111-115.
[11]郭容.高速铁路无线闭塞中心软件设计与实现[D].北京：北京交通大学,2009.
[12]王春花.无线闭塞中心的测试方法研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2008.
[13]韩胤.CTCS3级列控系统仿真测试平台—RBC仿真子系统的研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2006.
[14]李宏伟.高速铁路无限闭塞中心(RBC)核心单元的研究与设计[D].兰州：兰州交通大学,2009.
[15]宋沛东,张勇.CTCS3仿真测试平台——RBC仿真子系统的设计与实现[J].中国科技信息,2008,39(1)：100-103.
[16]韩胤,张勇.CTCS3级仿真系统中无线闭塞中心的仿真[J].铁路计算机应用,2007,16(3)：43-45.
[17]胡凯.基于CTCS-3列控仿真系统中的RBC子系统的研究[D].成都：西南交通大学,2010.
[18]黄威,贾利民,钟彬.GSM—R数字移动通信系统及其应用[J].铁路计算机应用,2005,14(12)：43-45.
[19]陈艳华,邢红霞.郑州—西安客运专线无线闭塞中心系统分析[J].河北工业科技,2010,12(9)：34-25.
[20]刘金虎.铁路专用通信[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2005.
[21]钱仲侯.高速铁路概论[M].(第三版).北京：中国铁道出版社,2006.
[22]李建东,郭梯云,邬国扬.移动通信[M].(第四版).西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2006.
[23]钟章队,李旭,蒋文怡.铁路综合数字移动通信系统(GSM-R)[M]北京：中国铁道出版社,2003.
[24]位永彩.京沪高速GSM-R网络规划与优化设计[D].北京：北京交通大学,2005.
[25]陈永,胡晓辉.基于GSM-R铁路无线通信系统的越区切换分析研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2009,16(4)：78-80.
[26]徐田华,赵红礼,唐涛.基于有色Petri网的ETCS无线通信可靠性分析[J].铁道学报,2008,30(1)：38-42
[27]石先明.高速铁路CTCS-3级列控系统无限闭塞中心工程设计[J].中国铁路,2009,10(2)：667-670.
[28]林闯.随机Petri网和系统性能评价[M].(第二版).北京：清华大学出版社,2005.
[29]B R Aldred,N S Gorasia.Railway Communications Systems[J]. IEEE Xplore,2005,7(8):123-125.
[30]周超GSM-R技术及机车综合无线通信设备的研究与设计[D].北京：北京邮电大学,2006.
[31]樊昌信.通信原理教程[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.
[32]田秀臣.京沪高速铁路综合数字移动通信方案研究与选择[D].北京：北京交通大学,2005.
[33]左建辉.计算机联锁系统中冗余技术的比较分析[J].电气化铁道,2010,10(3)：28-32.
[34]唐世军,卢佩玲.TYJL2ADX型二乘二取二计算机联锁系统[J].铁道通信信号,2008,9(9)：252-254.
[35]袁崇义.Petri网原理与应用[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2005.
[36]G.M.Shafiullah,A Gyasi-Agyei,P.Wolfs.Survey of Wireless Communications Applications in the Railway Industry[J]. Computer Society,2007,6(11):73-75.
[37]牛儒,曹源,唐涛.ETCS-2级列控系统RBC交接协议的形式化分析[J].铁道学报,2009,6(8)：13-16.
[38]李伟.基于有色Petri网的无线闭塞中心子系统切换建模与验证[D].北京：北京交通大学,2009.
[39]Kira Kastell,Steffen Bug,Alexey Nazarov.Improvements in Railway Communication via GSM-R[J]. IEEE Electric Railways in a United Europe,2006,7(1):432-435.
[40]Kenneth E.Browne,Chi-Chih Chen,John L.Volakis.A Novel Radiator for a 2.4 GHz Wireless Unit to Monitor Rail Stress and Strain[J]. IEEE Transactions On Antennas And Propagation,2008, 56(3):278-281.
[41]Anne E.Haxthausen,Jan Peleska.Formal Development and Verification of a Distributed Railway Control System[J]. IEEE Transactions On Software Engineering,2000,26(8):98-104.
[42]Masayuki Matsumoto.The Revolution of Train Control System in Japan[J]. IEEE Transactions On Software Engineering,2005,60(3):152-155.
[43]Zhongtian Liu,Weiliang Sun,Rong Zhou.Research and Implementation of Functional Prototype of Radio Block Centre in the CTCS Level 3 System[J]. Logistics Engineering and Intelligent Transportation Systems (LEITS),2010,12(12):67-70.
[2]彭传贤.基于单片机的无线闭塞中心原理样机的设计与实现[D].北京：北京交通大学,2008.
[3]ATS.ATC[M].(改订版).东京：日本铁道电气技术协会,2005.
[4]聂超.CTCS-3列控无线闭塞中心研究与仿真[D].成都：西南交通大学,2010.
[5]Cesar Briso,Carlos Cortes,F.Jose Arques.Requirements Of GSM Technology For The Control Of High Speed Trains[J]. Pimrc,2002,20(7):792-793.
[6]Paul V Craven,Stephen Craven.Security Of ATCS Wireless Railway Communications[J]. Joint Rail Conference,2005,88(3):227-238.
[7]吴余萍.GSM-R技术及其在青藏铁路线上的应用研究[D].济南：山东大学.2004.
[8]沈志凌.高速铁路CTCS-3列控系统无线闭塞中心设备数量计算原则和方法的研究[J].铁道标准设计,2009,(增刊),136-137.
[9]H Hofestadt.GSM-R Global System For Mobile Radio Communications For Railways[J]. Electric Railways in a United Europe,1995,66(12):111-115.
[10]Chang-Hee Cho,Jae-Duck Lee,Joo-Hoon Lee.Design Of The Train Network Simulator Based Ontrain Communication Network[J]. Pusan:Sci Info Center For Resources And Environment,2001, 57(12):111-115.
[11]郭容.高速铁路无线闭塞中心软件设计与实现[D].北京：北京交通大学,2009.
[12]王春花.无线闭塞中心的测试方法研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2008.
[13]韩胤.CTCS3级列控系统仿真测试平台—RBC仿真子系统的研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2006.
[14]李宏伟.高速铁路无限闭塞中心(RBC)核心单元的研究与设计[D].兰州：兰州交通大学,2009.
[15]宋沛东,张勇.CTCS3仿真测试平台——RBC仿真子系统的设计与实现[J].中国科技信息,2008,39(1)：100-103.
[16]韩胤,张勇.CTCS3级仿真系统中无线闭塞中心的仿真[J].铁路计算机应用,2007,16(3)：43-45.
[17]胡凯.基于CTCS-3列控仿真系统中的RBC子系统的研究[D].成都：西南交通大学,2010.
[18]黄威,贾利民,钟彬.GSM—R数字移动通信系统及其应用[J].铁路计算机应用,2005,14(12)：43-45.
[19]陈艳华,邢红霞.郑州—西安客运专线无线闭塞中心系统分析[J].河北工业科技,2010,12(9)：34-25.
[20]刘金虎.铁路专用通信[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2005.
[21]钱仲侯.高速铁路概论[M].(第三版).北京：中国铁道出版社,2006.
[22]李建东,郭梯云,邬国扬.移动通信[M].(第四版).西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2006.
[23]钟章队,李旭,蒋文怡.铁路综合数字移动通信系统(GSM-R)[M]北京：中国铁道出版社,2003.
[24]位永彩.京沪高速GSM-R网络规划与优化设计[D].北京：北京交通大学,2005.
[25]陈永,胡晓辉.基于GSM-R铁路无线通信系统的越区切换分析研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2009,16(4)：78-80.
[26]徐田华,赵红礼,唐涛.基于有色Petri网的ETCS无线通信可靠性分析[J].铁道学报,2008,30(1)：38-42
[27]石先明.高速铁路CTCS-3级列控系统无限闭塞中心工程设计[J].中国铁路,2009,10(2)：667-670.
[28]林闯.随机Petri网和系统性能评价[M].(第二版).北京：清华大学出版社,2005.
[29]B R Aldred,N S Gorasia.Railway Communications Systems[J]. IEEE Xplore,2005,7(8):123-125.
[30]周超GSM-R技术及机车综合无线通信设备的研究与设计[D].北京：北京邮电大学,2006.
[31]樊昌信.通信原理教程[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.
[32]田秀臣.京沪高速铁路综合数字移动通信方案研究与选择[D].北京：北京交通大学,2005.
[33]左建辉.计算机联锁系统中冗余技术的比较分析[J].电气化铁道,2010,10(3)：28-32.
[34]唐世军,卢佩玲.TYJL2ADX型二乘二取二计算机联锁系统[J].铁道通信信号,2008,9(9)：252-254.
[35]袁崇义.Petri网原理与应用[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2005.
[36]G.M.Shafiullah,A Gyasi-Agyei,P.Wolfs.Survey of Wireless Communications Applications in the Railway Industry[J]. Computer Society,2007,6(11):73-75.
[37]牛儒,曹源,唐涛.ETCS-2级列控系统RBC交接协议的形式化分析[J].铁道学报,2009,6(8)：13-16.
[38]李伟.基于有色Petri网的无线闭塞中心子系统切换建模与验证[D].北京：北京交通大学,2009.
[39]Kira Kastell,Steffen Bug,Alexey Nazarov.Improvements in Railway Communication via GSM-R[J]. IEEE Electric Railways in a United Europe,2006,7(1):432-435.
[40]Kenneth E.Browne,Chi-Chih Chen,John L.Volakis.A Novel Radiator for a 2.4 GHz Wireless Unit to Monitor Rail Stress and Strain[J]. IEEE Transactions On Antennas And Propagation,2008, 56(3):278-281.
[41]Anne E.Haxthausen,Jan Peleska.Formal Development and Verification of a Distributed Railway Control System[J]. IEEE Transactions On Software Engineering,2000,26(8):98-104.
[42]Masayuki Matsumoto.The Revolution of Train Control System in Japan[J]. IEEE Transactions On Software Engineering,2005,60(3):152-155.
[43]Zhongtian Liu,Weiliang Sun,Rong Zhou.Research and Implementation of Functional Prototype of Radio Block Centre in the CTCS Level 3 System[J]. Logistics Engineering and Intelligent Transportation Systems (LEITS),2010,12(12):67-70.