论江西画派开派画家罗牧
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摘要
17世纪的中国画坛,北宗式微,已成弩末。而南宗则由于董其昌、陈继儒等人的竭力倡导,已蔚然成风。当时活跃在中国画坛上的南宗流派有华亭、松江、新安、江西、姑苏、娄东、虞山、镇江等,而其中的江西派的开派者亦是该派主将的罗牧是本文研究的核心。绪论中,笔者首先阐述了罗牧被尊为江西开派画家的原因,并比较具体的考证了江西画派的人群范围;首章,笔者通过《龙门豫章罗氏十四修族谱》的记载,逐一考证了罗牧的生卒年、家庭关系、所受教育等基本问题;次章则讨论罗牧寓居于省城以后与南昌文人集团交友的情况,这里面就包括时任江西巡抚的宋荦和清初四僧之首的八大山人,随后亦会在此章继续讨论罗牧云游江浙一带时的交游状况,包括他与金陵八家之首的龚贤相交的具体情况。末章则回到罗牧艺术本身,试图总结归纳出罗牧的三种主要画风,然后根据作品按照纪年顺序逐一分析罗牧其独一无二的艺术特质。最后在结论中,笔者试图总结罗牧之所以能成为当时明末清初的江西画坛乃至全国画坛上举足轻重的重要画家的个人原因以及背后历史原因。
The 17th century Chinese painting worlds, north the ancestor declines, has become at the end of one's strength. But south Zong Ze as a result of Dong Qichang, Chen Ji Confucian et al. by might and main initiatives, has become common practice. At that time enlivened in the Chinese painting world the south ancestor school has Huating, the sungchiang province, the Xinan, Jiangxi, paternal aunt Soviet, Low Dong, the Yu, Zhenjiang and so on, but Jiangxi sent to open sending also is this school of commanding general's Luo herd is the core which this article studied. The chapter one, the author "14 Repairs Genealogy through Dragon Gate Yuzhang Roche" the record, textually researched Luo Mu to live one by one died the year, the diplomatic relation, receives educates and so on the basic question; The inferior rules discuss the Luo herd to make one's home in the situation which later and the Nanchang writer group will make friends in the provincial capital, inside this on including when no matter what Jiangxi governor's Song obvious and clear fourth day head of monk eight mountain person, afterwards will also be able to continue when this chapter will discuss Luo Mu to wander area Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces to make friends the condition, including him and Jinling eight head Gong virtuous intersection special details.End the rules return to Luo herd art itself, attempts to summarize induces Luo Mu three kind of main picture winds, then according to numbers the years the order according to the work to analyze Luo Mu one by one the unique art special characteristic.Finally in the conclusion, the author attempted to summarize Luo Mu the reason that to be able to become at that time in the end of the Ming dynasty clear at the beginning of Jiangxi painting world and even the national painting world the pivotal important painter's individual reason as well as behind the historical reason.
The 17th century Chinese painting worlds, north the ancestor declines, has become at the end of one's strength. But south Zong Ze as a result of Dong Qichang, Chen Ji Confucian et al. by might and main initiatives, has become common practice. At that time enlivened in the Chinese painting world the south ancestor school has Huating, the sungchiang province, the Xinan, Jiangxi, paternal aunt Soviet, Low Dong, the Yu, Zhenjiang and so on, but Jiangxi sent to open sending also is this school of commanding general's Luo herd is the core which this article studied. The chapter one, the author "14 Repairs Genealogy through Dragon Gate Yuzhang Roche" the record, textually researched Luo Mu to live one by one died the year, the diplomatic relation, receives educates and so on the basic question; The inferior rules discuss the Luo herd to make one's home in the situation which later and the Nanchang writer group will make friends in the provincial capital, inside this on including when no matter what Jiangxi governor's Song obvious and clear fourth day head of monk eight mountain person, afterwards will also be able to continue when this chapter will discuss Luo Mu to wander area Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces to make friends the condition, including him and Jinling eight head Gong virtuous intersection special details.End the rules return to Luo herd art itself, attempts to summarize induces Luo Mu three kind of main picture winds, then according to numbers the years the order according to the work to analyze Luo Mu one by one the unique art special characteristic.Finally in the conclusion, the author attempted to summarize Luo Mu the reason that to be able to become at that time in the end of the Ming dynasty clear at the beginning of Jiangxi painting world and even the national painting world the pivotal important painter's individual reason as well as behind the historical reason.
引文
10 见清梁清标《焦林书屋集·焦林诗钞·题画》
11 见黄笃《江西派开派画家罗牧的几个问题》 《美术研究》1989年第一期
[1]洪在新,中国美术史[M],中国美术学院出版社 2000
[2]黄笃,江西派开派画家罗牧的几个问题,1989,1
[3]高居瀚,山外山[M],上海书画出版社,2003
[4]高居瀚,气势撼人[M],上海书画出版社,2003
[5]张庚,国朝画征录[Z]
[6]贾涛,中国画论论纲[M],文化艺术出版社,1998
[7]俞剑华,中国画论[M],人民美术出版社,2000,修订本
[8]温肇桐,中国顾戴绘画理论发展史[M],天津美术人民出版社,1982
[9]俞剑华,中国画论辑要[G],江苏美术出版社,1985
[10]徐复观,中国艺术精神[M],春风文艺出版社,1981
[11]邱国坤,易堂九子年谱[M],江西高校出版社,1990-5-1
[12]郑午昌,中国画学全史[M],上海世纪出版集团,2008-5
[13]郭味渠,宋元明清书法家年表[G],人民美术出版社 1985-11
[14]万陆,赣南历代名人传[M],中国文史出版社。1991
[15]宋荦,西陂类稿[Z],北京国家图书馆善本部藏本
[16]宋荦,绵津诗钞[Z],扫叶山房石印本
[17]张庚,国朝画征录[Z],乾隆四年己未版
[18]张廷玉,明史[Z],中华书局点效本,1974
[19]邱过坤,易堂九子年谱[G],江西高校出版社,1990-5
[20]陈荣华,江西历代人物辞典[G],江西人民出版社1990
[21]野逸画派[M],中国台北艺术图书公司,民国74年(1985)
[22]南昌县志[Z],乾隆五十九年徐午修本,中国科学院图书馆藏本
[23]南昌县志[Z],汪浩据同治版于民国八年重修本
[24]南昌县志[Z],乾隆刻本,上海图书馆善本部藏本
[25]江西通志[Z],清康熙于成龙、杜果纂修,北京国家图书馆
[26]新建县志[Z],清康熙杨周宪纂修,北京国家图书馆善本部
11 见黄笃《江西派开派画家罗牧的几个问题》 《美术研究》1989年第一期
[1]洪在新,中国美术史[M],中国美术学院出版社 2000
[2]黄笃,江西派开派画家罗牧的几个问题,1989,1
[3]高居瀚,山外山[M],上海书画出版社,2003
[4]高居瀚,气势撼人[M],上海书画出版社,2003
[5]张庚,国朝画征录[Z]
[6]贾涛,中国画论论纲[M],文化艺术出版社,1998
[7]俞剑华,中国画论[M],人民美术出版社,2000,修订本
[8]温肇桐,中国顾戴绘画理论发展史[M],天津美术人民出版社,1982
[9]俞剑华,中国画论辑要[G],江苏美术出版社,1985
[10]徐复观,中国艺术精神[M],春风文艺出版社,1981
[11]邱国坤,易堂九子年谱[M],江西高校出版社,1990-5-1
[12]郑午昌,中国画学全史[M],上海世纪出版集团,2008-5
[13]郭味渠,宋元明清书法家年表[G],人民美术出版社 1985-11
[14]万陆,赣南历代名人传[M],中国文史出版社。1991
[15]宋荦,西陂类稿[Z],北京国家图书馆善本部藏本
[16]宋荦,绵津诗钞[Z],扫叶山房石印本
[17]张庚,国朝画征录[Z],乾隆四年己未版
[18]张廷玉,明史[Z],中华书局点效本,1974
[19]邱过坤,易堂九子年谱[G],江西高校出版社,1990-5
[20]陈荣华,江西历代人物辞典[G],江西人民出版社1990
[21]野逸画派[M],中国台北艺术图书公司,民国74年(1985)
[22]南昌县志[Z],乾隆五十九年徐午修本,中国科学院图书馆藏本
[23]南昌县志[Z],汪浩据同治版于民国八年重修本
[24]南昌县志[Z],乾隆刻本,上海图书馆善本部藏本
[25]江西通志[Z],清康熙于成龙、杜果纂修,北京国家图书馆
[26]新建县志[Z],清康熙杨周宪纂修,北京国家图书馆善本部