广义资源约束下的网络化协同设计多项目管理方法与应用研究
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摘要
在当今国内离散制造行业由成本优势向技术优势、品牌优势转型的过程中,如何快速提升零部件产业的自主开发能力,与整机厂形成同步开发能力,是提高供应链协同新产品开发效率的必由之路。针对供应链上整机厂和供应商企业间的网络化协同设计对多项目管理共性需求,通过对大量企业新产品开发活动的实际调研与需求分析,作者提出了广义资源约束下的网络化协同设计多项目管理理论与应用研究课题,展开了广义设计资源约束下的网络化协同设计多项目管理理论和应用研究工作,在此基础上形成本博士论文,论文主要内容体现在以下几方面:①建立了广义资源约束下的网络化协同设计资源管理模型。归纳总结了制造业供应链集群模式下的广义设计资源形成特征和类型,定义了广义设计资源和设计资源池,创新性地提出了设计资源颗粒的概念,完成了广义设计资源池的构建、设计资源颗粒的特征属性定义及操作定义,提出了广义设计资源需求管理模型,为多项目计划任务与广义设计资源匹配和动态再匹配奠定了基础。
②提出了一种基于关联约束和语义Web的协同设计任务动态管理模型。归纳总结了供应链集群下的网络化协同设计模式及特征,建立了网络化协同设计任务分类、关联约束机制及任务动态管理模型;提出了基于语义Web的协同设计任务信息描述模型,让网络化协同设计中的主机企业、供应商以及计算机都能共同理解和识别。构建了协同设计任务本体,定义了任务内容、任务关联、信息流以及协同计划特征属性的语义元数据描述模型,为网络化协同设计多项目任务管理、知识管理的实现奠定了基础。
③提出了网络化协同设计多项目任务/资源匹配模型、方法和关键技术。主要包括多项目协同计划编制与资源“颗粒”约束匹配模型、多项目协同计划执行状态监控、计划与资源变更的动态再匹配方法和关键技术。提出了在有前置计划、无前置计划、优先级计划和紧急插单计划状态下,计划与资源“颗粒”间的需求拉动型和资源驱动型约束匹配算法与算例;多项目协同计划执行过程启动、冻结、恢复、延迟、结束等多状态属性的实时管控实现算法与算例;计划与资源变更、意外失衡时的动态再匹配算法与算例。
④网络化协同设计平台软件开发与应用。在多项目管理理论和关键技术研究基础上,作为主研人员,作者采用UML建模方法、SOA、J2EE技术架构等,建立了“网络化协同设计平台软件”业务模型和N层技术架构,参与了《网络化协同设计平台软件》V2.5的开发与测试,并将该平台软件成功应用于中国嘉陵工业股份有限公司(集团)、重庆建设摩托车股份有限公司和重庆力帆乘用车股份有限公司与上百家供应商合作的10款新车协同设计多项目管理中,有效解决了有分布式供应商参与的多项目协同计划编制、计划与资源匹配、多项目计划执行过程实时监控、计划与资源发生冲突时的动态再匹配等多项目协同管理应用工程问题,取得显著效果。
In the discrete manufacturing industry transformation progress from cost advantages to technical advantages nowadays, it is essential to enhance the capability of independent development of components and parts industry rapidly, and build the capability of synchronized development with the machine factory, in order to improve the industrial chain cooperated with new product development efficiency. Concerning the common requirements of multi-project management of network collaborative design between mainframe factories and suppliers in the industrial chain, the author proposes the thesis of multi-project management theory in network collaborative design and application research with generalized resource constraint, by survey and demand analysis of large number of new product developments in companies.
①A network resource management model under generalized resource constraints for collaborative design is established. Generalized design resources formation features and type under manufacturing supply chain cluster model is summarized, generalized design resources and design resources pool is defined, the concept of particles of resources has been put forward innovative, the construction of generalized engineering resources pool and the characteristics of design resource particles and operational definition is finished. The generalized design resource demand management model for multi-task project plan and design resources is proposed to match the broad and dynamic re-match basis.
②A constraint-based association and the Semantic Web's dynamic management model for collaborative design task is Proposed. The networked collaborative design patterns and characteristics under Supply chain cluster is summarized, a network-based classification of collaborative design task, the task associated with the dynamic binding mechanism and management model is established. Semantic Web-based collaborative design task description model for network co-design of the host companies, suppliers and computer can be a common understanding and recognition is proposed. Collaborative design task ontology defines the task content, task relevance, information flow and collaborative planning feature attributes describe the semantic metadata model for the network co-design multi-project task management, and knowledge management is built to achieve the foundation.
③The author proposes models, methods and key technology of multi-project task/resource matching in network collaborative design, which are consisted of multi-project cooperated plan formation and resource‘particle‘constraint matching model, multi-project cooperated plan execution status monitoring, and dynamic re-matching method and key technology of plan and resource change. Constraint matching algorithm and examples of demand-pull type and resource derived type between the plan and resource‘particle’has been created, in the circumstances of pre-plan included, pre-plan excluded, prior plan and emergent order insert status; algorithm and examples of real-time management and control realization, which focuses on launching, freezing, recovering, delay and completion in multi-project cooperated plan execution processes; dynamic re-matching algorithm and examples during plan and resource change or unexpected unbalance.
④Software development and application of network collaborative design platform. On the basis of multi-project management theory and key technology research, the author, being the core researcher, uses the UML modeling method, SOA, J2EE technical infrastructure and other methods to build the business model of‘network collaborative design platform software’and N-level technical infrastructure. The author has also participated in the design and testing of‘network collaborative design platform software’V2.5 edition, which was applied successfully in the collaborative design project management of 10 new cars in China Jialing Industrial Co., Ltd. (Group), Chongqing Jianshe Motorcycle Co., Ltd, Chongqing Lifan PCV Co., Ltd cooperated with other hundreds of suppliers, and it solves application engineering problems in multi-project cooperated management including multi-project cooperated plan formation, plan and resource matching, multi-project cooperated plan execution status monitoring, and confliction of plan and resources with distributed suppliers participated, and finally obtains remarkable achievements.
②提出了一种基于关联约束和语义Web的协同设计任务动态管理模型。归纳总结了供应链集群下的网络化协同设计模式及特征,建立了网络化协同设计任务分类、关联约束机制及任务动态管理模型;提出了基于语义Web的协同设计任务信息描述模型,让网络化协同设计中的主机企业、供应商以及计算机都能共同理解和识别。构建了协同设计任务本体,定义了任务内容、任务关联、信息流以及协同计划特征属性的语义元数据描述模型,为网络化协同设计多项目任务管理、知识管理的实现奠定了基础。
③提出了网络化协同设计多项目任务/资源匹配模型、方法和关键技术。主要包括多项目协同计划编制与资源“颗粒”约束匹配模型、多项目协同计划执行状态监控、计划与资源变更的动态再匹配方法和关键技术。提出了在有前置计划、无前置计划、优先级计划和紧急插单计划状态下,计划与资源“颗粒”间的需求拉动型和资源驱动型约束匹配算法与算例;多项目协同计划执行过程启动、冻结、恢复、延迟、结束等多状态属性的实时管控实现算法与算例;计划与资源变更、意外失衡时的动态再匹配算法与算例。
④网络化协同设计平台软件开发与应用。在多项目管理理论和关键技术研究基础上,作为主研人员,作者采用UML建模方法、SOA、J2EE技术架构等,建立了“网络化协同设计平台软件”业务模型和N层技术架构,参与了《网络化协同设计平台软件》V2.5的开发与测试,并将该平台软件成功应用于中国嘉陵工业股份有限公司(集团)、重庆建设摩托车股份有限公司和重庆力帆乘用车股份有限公司与上百家供应商合作的10款新车协同设计多项目管理中,有效解决了有分布式供应商参与的多项目协同计划编制、计划与资源匹配、多项目计划执行过程实时监控、计划与资源发生冲突时的动态再匹配等多项目协同管理应用工程问题,取得显著效果。
In the discrete manufacturing industry transformation progress from cost advantages to technical advantages nowadays, it is essential to enhance the capability of independent development of components and parts industry rapidly, and build the capability of synchronized development with the machine factory, in order to improve the industrial chain cooperated with new product development efficiency. Concerning the common requirements of multi-project management of network collaborative design between mainframe factories and suppliers in the industrial chain, the author proposes the thesis of multi-project management theory in network collaborative design and application research with generalized resource constraint, by survey and demand analysis of large number of new product developments in companies.
①A network resource management model under generalized resource constraints for collaborative design is established. Generalized design resources formation features and type under manufacturing supply chain cluster model is summarized, generalized design resources and design resources pool is defined, the concept of particles of resources has been put forward innovative, the construction of generalized engineering resources pool and the characteristics of design resource particles and operational definition is finished. The generalized design resource demand management model for multi-task project plan and design resources is proposed to match the broad and dynamic re-match basis.
②A constraint-based association and the Semantic Web's dynamic management model for collaborative design task is Proposed. The networked collaborative design patterns and characteristics under Supply chain cluster is summarized, a network-based classification of collaborative design task, the task associated with the dynamic binding mechanism and management model is established. Semantic Web-based collaborative design task description model for network co-design of the host companies, suppliers and computer can be a common understanding and recognition is proposed. Collaborative design task ontology defines the task content, task relevance, information flow and collaborative planning feature attributes describe the semantic metadata model for the network co-design multi-project task management, and knowledge management is built to achieve the foundation.
③The author proposes models, methods and key technology of multi-project task/resource matching in network collaborative design, which are consisted of multi-project cooperated plan formation and resource‘particle‘constraint matching model, multi-project cooperated plan execution status monitoring, and dynamic re-matching method and key technology of plan and resource change. Constraint matching algorithm and examples of demand-pull type and resource derived type between the plan and resource‘particle’has been created, in the circumstances of pre-plan included, pre-plan excluded, prior plan and emergent order insert status; algorithm and examples of real-time management and control realization, which focuses on launching, freezing, recovering, delay and completion in multi-project cooperated plan execution processes; dynamic re-matching algorithm and examples during plan and resource change or unexpected unbalance.
④Software development and application of network collaborative design platform. On the basis of multi-project management theory and key technology research, the author, being the core researcher, uses the UML modeling method, SOA, J2EE technical infrastructure and other methods to build the business model of‘network collaborative design platform software’and N-level technical infrastructure. The author has also participated in the design and testing of‘network collaborative design platform software’V2.5 edition, which was applied successfully in the collaborative design project management of 10 new cars in China Jialing Industrial Co., Ltd. (Group), Chongqing Jianshe Motorcycle Co., Ltd, Chongqing Lifan PCV Co., Ltd cooperated with other hundreds of suppliers, and it solves application engineering problems in multi-project cooperated management including multi-project cooperated plan formation, plan and resource matching, multi-project cooperated plan execution status monitoring, and confliction of plan and resources with distributed suppliers participated, and finally obtains remarkable achievements.
引文
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