马颊河潮汐河口泥沙淤积治理研究
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摘要
河口海岸地区是物质流和能量流的重要聚散地带,河口潮流泥沙运动较为复杂,与径流的丰枯、潮汐的大小、波浪的高低、风速风向及河床底质等多种因素有关。河口环境关乎周边地区的社会经济发展。潮流泥沙容易引起河道淤积,增大洪水风险；河口淤积易引起河口萎缩,导致河口排涝能力不足,不利于河口的可持续发展。
我国入海河流数百条,河口两岸多为淤泥粉砂覆盖,径流挟沙和海相来沙容易在河口沉积,影响河道的泄洪过流能力以及通航等要求。因此,开展河口治理研究具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。
本文以马颊河潮汐河口为例,应用数学模型与物理模型相结合的方法,研究分析其水沙运动规律,提出治理措施。主要内容如下：
1、对马颊河河口段水沙运动规律进行定性分析,对河口进行分段,并研究了现状情况下马颊河河口段河道的淤积规律。
2、建立波流共同作用下的马颊河河口平面二维数值模型,并对模型进行参数率定及合理性验证。
3、借助数值模型对现状情况下马颊河河口段过流能力进行计算分析,得出现状河道的溢流段范围。
4、从清淤措施、建闸措施、堤防加高措施以及边滩开挖措施等方面对马颊河河口段泥沙治理措施进行分析研究,通过数值模拟和综合比较,确定出可行的治理方案。
5、采用物理模型试验的方法,对数值模拟的结果进行分析验证。
本文研究紧密结合马颊河潮汐河口泥沙治理展开,研究成果可为马颊河河口治理工程的实施提供技术支撑,并为类似的淤泥质河口的治理提供一定的参考。
Estuarine and coastal area is an important gathering and scattering zone of material flow and energy flow, the movement of estuarine flow and sediment is quite complex and concerned with runoff, tide, wave, wind speed and direction, bed material and so on. Estuarine environment is closely related to the social and economical development of the surrounding area. Tidal sediment can easily lead to river channel deposition and increase flood risk; estuarine deposition can cause shrinkage and decrease discharge capacity and is adverse to the sustainable development of the estuary.
Hundreds of rivers inject into the sea in China and most of the estuarine banks are covered with fine silt, sediments brought by runoff and ocean dynamic easily deposit at the estuary and affect its discharge capacity and navigation requirements. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and engineering value to carry out estuary regulation research.
Majia tidal estuary is taken as background, adopt the combined numerical model analysis and physical model test method to study its flow sediment movement pattern, make regulation measures. The main content are as follows:
1. Flow and sediment movement of Majia estuarine river channel is analyzed, the subsection of the estuary is done and the deposition pattern of current river channel under current condition is studied.
2. The two dimensional numerical model of Majia estuary is established. The model parameters are calibrated and the validation of the model is verified.
3. The discharge capacity of the estuarine river channel under current condition is analyzed and the overflowing section is defined.
4. The regulation measures of Majia estuary is studied from aspects of dredging, sluice building, embankment raising and bank excavation. The effectiveness of the plans is simulated and compared to determine feasible plan.
5. Physical model test is adopted to verify the results of numerical simulation.
The research of this paper is closely based on sediment regulation of Majia estuary and the results can provide technical support for the implement of estuary regulation program and provide reference for the management of similar muddy estuaries.
我国入海河流数百条,河口两岸多为淤泥粉砂覆盖,径流挟沙和海相来沙容易在河口沉积,影响河道的泄洪过流能力以及通航等要求。因此,开展河口治理研究具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。
本文以马颊河潮汐河口为例,应用数学模型与物理模型相结合的方法,研究分析其水沙运动规律,提出治理措施。主要内容如下：
1、对马颊河河口段水沙运动规律进行定性分析,对河口进行分段,并研究了现状情况下马颊河河口段河道的淤积规律。
2、建立波流共同作用下的马颊河河口平面二维数值模型,并对模型进行参数率定及合理性验证。
3、借助数值模型对现状情况下马颊河河口段过流能力进行计算分析,得出现状河道的溢流段范围。
4、从清淤措施、建闸措施、堤防加高措施以及边滩开挖措施等方面对马颊河河口段泥沙治理措施进行分析研究,通过数值模拟和综合比较,确定出可行的治理方案。
5、采用物理模型试验的方法,对数值模拟的结果进行分析验证。
本文研究紧密结合马颊河潮汐河口泥沙治理展开,研究成果可为马颊河河口治理工程的实施提供技术支撑,并为类似的淤泥质河口的治理提供一定的参考。
Estuarine and coastal area is an important gathering and scattering zone of material flow and energy flow, the movement of estuarine flow and sediment is quite complex and concerned with runoff, tide, wave, wind speed and direction, bed material and so on. Estuarine environment is closely related to the social and economical development of the surrounding area. Tidal sediment can easily lead to river channel deposition and increase flood risk; estuarine deposition can cause shrinkage and decrease discharge capacity and is adverse to the sustainable development of the estuary.
Hundreds of rivers inject into the sea in China and most of the estuarine banks are covered with fine silt, sediments brought by runoff and ocean dynamic easily deposit at the estuary and affect its discharge capacity and navigation requirements. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and engineering value to carry out estuary regulation research.
Majia tidal estuary is taken as background, adopt the combined numerical model analysis and physical model test method to study its flow sediment movement pattern, make regulation measures. The main content are as follows:
1. Flow and sediment movement of Majia estuarine river channel is analyzed, the subsection of the estuary is done and the deposition pattern of current river channel under current condition is studied.
2. The two dimensional numerical model of Majia estuary is established. The model parameters are calibrated and the validation of the model is verified.
3. The discharge capacity of the estuarine river channel under current condition is analyzed and the overflowing section is defined.
4. The regulation measures of Majia estuary is studied from aspects of dredging, sluice building, embankment raising and bank excavation. The effectiveness of the plans is simulated and compared to determine feasible plan.
5. Physical model test is adopted to verify the results of numerical simulation.
The research of this paper is closely based on sediment regulation of Majia estuary and the results can provide technical support for the implement of estuary regulation program and provide reference for the management of similar muddy estuaries.
引文
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