流体动力润滑及轴承转子系统的稳定性研究
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摘要
本文根据流体动力润滑理论,主要研究了径向滑动轴承流固耦合运动机理及轴承转子系统的稳定性问题。以Reynolds方程的结构分析与近似解析求解为基础,以滑动轴承动态油膜力的结构性质及应用条件为重点,结合旋转机械的工程实际问题和轴承转子系统的模型试验分析,详细地分析与研究了轴承转子系统的相关结构、运动状态及运动行为三者之间的耦合关系,同时也提出了一些新的研究理论及方法。应用这些理论与方法,能够很有效地解决轴承转子系统存在的轴承润滑及稳定性方面的工程实际问题,并明确地提出了该领域进一步分析与研究的发展方向。
首次提出了一种滑动轴承转子系统稳定性分析的判别准则以及耦合调频的新技术,同时给出了涡动耦合激振、非线性耦合振动位移极限环的分析方法,阐明了非线性动态油膜力作用与轴承失稳机理的内在联系。结合轴承转子系统的低频涡动、油膜振荡等问题的分析与探讨,证明了该技术的正确性和实用性,进一步通过200MW汽轮机低压轴承转子系统的数值模拟计算,单跨轴承转子系试验和100KW微型燃机振动故障的处理,对这一技术进行了很好的验证。根据轴承流固耦合动态油膜力的解析模型和单跨单圆盘轴承转子系统的解构分析,首次给出了系统“等效刚度”和轴承油膜阻尼的动态表达式,以及油膜动力特征系数与油膜阻尼系数之间的关系。结合单跨轴承转子系统的模型试验分析,进一步阐明了轴承转子系统流固耦合作用和油膜涡动状态与振荡行为产生的机理,以及轴承水平、垂直刚度不一致引起的转子运动和行为相互影响的双低频结果,尤其是在轴承转子系统起停过程中,明确地解释了油膜振荡起停迟滞和“锁频”及双低频现象,以及分岔图上的结果和三维轴心轨迹图的变化过程。
根据流体边界层的非线性动力滑理论,结合Reynolds方程的解析求解,给出了径向滑动轴承一般形式的动态油膜力解析解和相应π油膜力分解的表达式,同时结合动态边界方程分析,给出了满足极限压力边界条件( )的动态边界方程的解析解,较好地解决了动态油膜力的边界分析与计算问题。
通过几种典型径向滑动轴承动态油膜力解析模型的对比与分析,进一步论证了不同模型之间的区别、联系以及相应的适用条件,同时本文给出了具有结构简单、物理概念清晰、适用范围广和实用性强等特点的计算模型。针对有限长径向滑动轴承动态油膜力和轴承流固耦合运动的涡动频率方程的分析,进一步阐明了轴颈半速涡动的性质,得到了轴承液固耦合涡动状态及行为的一些非线性特征。
This thesis works over the radial sliding bearing fluidsolid coupling motion mechanism and thestability issue of rotor system based on fluid dynamic lubricates theory. Based on the structuralanalysis of Reynolds equation and approximate analytic solution,the thesis focuses on the structuralcharacter and application conditions of sliding bearing dynamic oil film force, specifically analysesand studies the coupling relations among relevant structure, movement state and movement action,and raises some new research theories and methods. The application of these theories and methodscan efficiently resolves the practical project problems of bearing lubrication and stability in bearingrotor system, as well as points out clearly the development direction of further analysis and study inthis field.
For the first time puts forward a kind of estimation criteria of stability analysis of sliding bearingrotor system and a new technology of coupling frequency modulation, advances the analysis methodof swirl coupling excitation and nonlinear coupling vibration displacement limit cycle, illustrates theinternal relation between nonlinear dynamic oil film force function and bearing instabilitymechanization. With the analysis and study of low frequency swirl and oil film vibration of bearingrotor system, further illustrates the correctness and practicability of this technology which is also wellvalidated through numerical value simulation calculation of 200MW steam turbine low voltagebearing rotor system, single span,twin spans bearing rotor system test and 100KW minimize gasturbine vibrating malfunction treatment.
Based on the resolution model of bearing fluidsolid coupling dynamic oil film force and theresolution analysis of single span single disk bearing rotor system, for the first time brings forward thedynamic expression of system “equivalent firmness” and bearing oil film damp, as well as therelationship between oil film dynamic character quotient and oil film damp quotient. Based on themodel test analysis of single and twin spans bearing rotor system, further illustrates the theory ofemergence of bearing rotor system fluidsolid coupling effect, oil film swirl state and vibrationaction, interaction results of rotor movement and action of different bearings, especially during thestartup and stop process of bearing rotor system, shows clearly the oil film vibration slowmovingphenomenon of oil film vibration startup and stop, and changing process in zooming in and zoomingout of fork fig and 3D axes locus。
According to the nonlinearity dynamic sliding theory of hydroboundary layer and with theresolution solve of Reynolds equation, comes up with the common dynamic oil film force analyticsolution of style radial sliding bearing and expression of corresponding лoil film force decomposition.Besides, with equation analysis of dynamic border, puts forward the analytic solution of dynamicborder equation meeting the maximum voltage border condition (), which resolves theborder analysis and calculation problem of dynamic oil film force.
Through compurgation and analysis of several typical radial sliding bearing dynamic oil filmforce analytic model, further demonstrates the difference, links and relevant appropriate conditions ofvarious models. At the same time, with the analysis of swirl frequency equation of finitudelengthradial sliding bearing dynamic oil film and bearing fluidsolid coupling movement, further illustratesthe character of axial diameter halfspeed swirl, and puts forward some nonlinearity characters ofaxis liquidsolid coupling swirl state and action.
首次提出了一种滑动轴承转子系统稳定性分析的判别准则以及耦合调频的新技术,同时给出了涡动耦合激振、非线性耦合振动位移极限环的分析方法,阐明了非线性动态油膜力作用与轴承失稳机理的内在联系。结合轴承转子系统的低频涡动、油膜振荡等问题的分析与探讨,证明了该技术的正确性和实用性,进一步通过200MW汽轮机低压轴承转子系统的数值模拟计算,单跨轴承转子系试验和100KW微型燃机振动故障的处理,对这一技术进行了很好的验证。根据轴承流固耦合动态油膜力的解析模型和单跨单圆盘轴承转子系统的解构分析,首次给出了系统“等效刚度”和轴承油膜阻尼的动态表达式,以及油膜动力特征系数与油膜阻尼系数之间的关系。结合单跨轴承转子系统的模型试验分析,进一步阐明了轴承转子系统流固耦合作用和油膜涡动状态与振荡行为产生的机理,以及轴承水平、垂直刚度不一致引起的转子运动和行为相互影响的双低频结果,尤其是在轴承转子系统起停过程中,明确地解释了油膜振荡起停迟滞和“锁频”及双低频现象,以及分岔图上的结果和三维轴心轨迹图的变化过程。
根据流体边界层的非线性动力滑理论,结合Reynolds方程的解析求解,给出了径向滑动轴承一般形式的动态油膜力解析解和相应π油膜力分解的表达式,同时结合动态边界方程分析,给出了满足极限压力边界条件( )的动态边界方程的解析解,较好地解决了动态油膜力的边界分析与计算问题。
通过几种典型径向滑动轴承动态油膜力解析模型的对比与分析,进一步论证了不同模型之间的区别、联系以及相应的适用条件,同时本文给出了具有结构简单、物理概念清晰、适用范围广和实用性强等特点的计算模型。针对有限长径向滑动轴承动态油膜力和轴承流固耦合运动的涡动频率方程的分析,进一步阐明了轴颈半速涡动的性质,得到了轴承液固耦合涡动状态及行为的一些非线性特征。
This thesis works over the radial sliding bearing fluidsolid coupling motion mechanism and thestability issue of rotor system based on fluid dynamic lubricates theory. Based on the structuralanalysis of Reynolds equation and approximate analytic solution,the thesis focuses on the structuralcharacter and application conditions of sliding bearing dynamic oil film force, specifically analysesand studies the coupling relations among relevant structure, movement state and movement action,and raises some new research theories and methods. The application of these theories and methodscan efficiently resolves the practical project problems of bearing lubrication and stability in bearingrotor system, as well as points out clearly the development direction of further analysis and study inthis field.
For the first time puts forward a kind of estimation criteria of stability analysis of sliding bearingrotor system and a new technology of coupling frequency modulation, advances the analysis methodof swirl coupling excitation and nonlinear coupling vibration displacement limit cycle, illustrates theinternal relation between nonlinear dynamic oil film force function and bearing instabilitymechanization. With the analysis and study of low frequency swirl and oil film vibration of bearingrotor system, further illustrates the correctness and practicability of this technology which is also wellvalidated through numerical value simulation calculation of 200MW steam turbine low voltagebearing rotor system, single span,twin spans bearing rotor system test and 100KW minimize gasturbine vibrating malfunction treatment.
Based on the resolution model of bearing fluidsolid coupling dynamic oil film force and theresolution analysis of single span single disk bearing rotor system, for the first time brings forward thedynamic expression of system “equivalent firmness” and bearing oil film damp, as well as therelationship between oil film dynamic character quotient and oil film damp quotient. Based on themodel test analysis of single and twin spans bearing rotor system, further illustrates the theory ofemergence of bearing rotor system fluidsolid coupling effect, oil film swirl state and vibrationaction, interaction results of rotor movement and action of different bearings, especially during thestartup and stop process of bearing rotor system, shows clearly the oil film vibration slowmovingphenomenon of oil film vibration startup and stop, and changing process in zooming in and zoomingout of fork fig and 3D axes locus。
According to the nonlinearity dynamic sliding theory of hydroboundary layer and with theresolution solve of Reynolds equation, comes up with the common dynamic oil film force analyticsolution of style radial sliding bearing and expression of corresponding лoil film force decomposition.Besides, with equation analysis of dynamic border, puts forward the analytic solution of dynamicborder equation meeting the maximum voltage border condition (), which resolves theborder analysis and calculation problem of dynamic oil film force.
Through compurgation and analysis of several typical radial sliding bearing dynamic oil filmforce analytic model, further demonstrates the difference, links and relevant appropriate conditions ofvarious models. At the same time, with the analysis of swirl frequency equation of finitudelengthradial sliding bearing dynamic oil film and bearing fluidsolid coupling movement, further illustratesthe character of axial diameter halfspeed swirl, and puts forward some nonlinearity characters ofaxis liquidsolid coupling swirl state and action.
引文
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