福建沿海港口的发展战略研究
摘要
港口是福建省经济发展的主要动力之一,也是经济得以繁荣的因素。在历史上,福建省是我国港口开发较早的地区之一,对外贸易一直是该省的重要经济活动方式。改革开放以来,福建因近临台湾、面向大海、港口资源丰富的天然优势,得以率先对外开放,成为我国对外开放的重点省份。港口、港口经济、对外贸易以及相关产业得到快速发展,成为我国沿海区域经济增长较快的地区。沿海区域经济的竞争,实质上是港口的竞争,是港口经济的竞争。21世纪以来,福建港口发展正进入一个重要战略机遇期。金融危机,也没能阻止福建省对港口加大投入的进程和力度,而且,迎来了更为快速的大发展。因此,加强福建沿海港口发展的研究,对于福建省工业重型化发展,促进闽台经济合作,加快经济结构调整,转变经济增长方式,保持经济高速增长等都具有重要意义。
本论文以福建沿海港口为研究对象,主要研究内容如下：首先,了解分析我国沿海港口发展状况；其次,对福建沿海港口的发展状况、福建沿海港口发展的必要性进行了详尽的分析,指出了福建沿海港口发展存在的问题；最后,在以上分析的基础上,提出了福建沿海港口跨越发展战略模型和跨越发展战略结论,并制订了相关关键战略的实施：合理开发资源,错位发展；打破行政区划,进行资源整合；简政放权,提高服务质量；加快港口基础设施建设,建设自由港；大力拓展港口群腹地；发挥对台优势,建设对台物流配送中心；加强环境保护,实现可持续发展。
Port, a dynamic promoter, prospers the economic development of Fujian Province, which is one of the earliest areas of port development in China. Foreign trade has been playing an important role in the economic activities in Fujian. Since the reform and opening up, owned by the natural advantage of a neighbor of Taiwan, a coastal city and rich resources, Fujian took the lead in opening up to the outside world, and the port economic, foreign trade and the other relevant industries have developed rapidly. Fujian becomes one of the fastest economic growing areas. Actually the economic competition in the coastal areas mainly depends on the port competition. From 21st century, the development of Fujian Port economy has stepped into a period of strategic opportunities. Even when the financial crisis occurred, the government increased more investments on the port economy, which speeded up its development. Therefore, to strengthen the research of Fujian Port development will have a great effect on the economic cooperation between Fujian and Taiwan, the structure adjustment of economic development, the reform of economic growth and the maintenance of high-speed economic development.
This paper focuses on the Fujian port development. Firstly, it shows the general situation of the coastal port development in China. Secondly, it fully analyzes the situation and importance of Fujian port development; meanwhile, it also points out the existing problems. Lastly, based on the analyses above, it raises the strategic models and conclusion of the leap-forward development, and establishes the fulfillment of the key strategies:to properly exploit the resources, to speed up the basic port facilities construction, to build free port, to expand the port group, to develop the economic cooperation with Taiwan, to set up the distributor Center for Taiwan, to improve the environmental protection, to implement the sustainable development.
本论文以福建沿海港口为研究对象,主要研究内容如下：首先,了解分析我国沿海港口发展状况；其次,对福建沿海港口的发展状况、福建沿海港口发展的必要性进行了详尽的分析,指出了福建沿海港口发展存在的问题；最后,在以上分析的基础上,提出了福建沿海港口跨越发展战略模型和跨越发展战略结论,并制订了相关关键战略的实施：合理开发资源,错位发展；打破行政区划,进行资源整合；简政放权,提高服务质量；加快港口基础设施建设,建设自由港；大力拓展港口群腹地；发挥对台优势,建设对台物流配送中心；加强环境保护,实现可持续发展。
Port, a dynamic promoter, prospers the economic development of Fujian Province, which is one of the earliest areas of port development in China. Foreign trade has been playing an important role in the economic activities in Fujian. Since the reform and opening up, owned by the natural advantage of a neighbor of Taiwan, a coastal city and rich resources, Fujian took the lead in opening up to the outside world, and the port economic, foreign trade and the other relevant industries have developed rapidly. Fujian becomes one of the fastest economic growing areas. Actually the economic competition in the coastal areas mainly depends on the port competition. From 21st century, the development of Fujian Port economy has stepped into a period of strategic opportunities. Even when the financial crisis occurred, the government increased more investments on the port economy, which speeded up its development. Therefore, to strengthen the research of Fujian Port development will have a great effect on the economic cooperation between Fujian and Taiwan, the structure adjustment of economic development, the reform of economic growth and the maintenance of high-speed economic development.
This paper focuses on the Fujian port development. Firstly, it shows the general situation of the coastal port development in China. Secondly, it fully analyzes the situation and importance of Fujian port development; meanwhile, it also points out the existing problems. Lastly, based on the analyses above, it raises the strategic models and conclusion of the leap-forward development, and establishes the fulfillment of the key strategies:to properly exploit the resources, to speed up the basic port facilities construction, to build free port, to expand the port group, to develop the economic cooperation with Taiwan, to set up the distributor Center for Taiwan, to improve the environmental protection, to implement the sustainable development.
引文
[1]陈柳钦.现代港口号港口物流业的发展.综合运箱,2009,4
[2]陈响平.我国港口建设的若干问题思考.水路运输文摘,2008,3
[3]福建省交通厅,交通部规划设计院.《福建省沿海港口布局规划》,2004
[4]福建省运输管理局.《福建省道路、水路运愉行业统计年鉴》
[5]傅崇兰、周明俊主编.中国特色城市发展理论与实践.北京：中国社会科学出版社,2003
[6]高尚全.建设“海峡西岸经济区”的几点建议.2004
[7]杭州湾大通道课题组.杭州清大通道及港口建设与区域经济发展的关系——系列研究之二.宁波：浙江万里学院学报,2008
[8]何任伟,范敬浅析两岸贸易往来.东华大学学报(社会科学版),2005,6
[9]胡明.中国沿海港口的建设与发展.水路运输文摘,2007,8
[10]胡序威、杨冠雄主编.中国沿海港口城市.北京：科学出版社,2004
[11]黄和荣.厦门港执行自由港的政策优势及对策.上海：中国港口,2005
[12]黄民生,李文实,昊聘奇.海峡两岸小三通进展分析及福建对台直航策略研究.福建：地理经济(福建师范大学地理科学院),2008
[13]黄民生.闽台港口开发对比.福建：经济地理(福建师范大学地理科学院),2006
[14]交通部海洋运输管理局、内河运输管理局编.中国对外开放港口.北京：人民交通出版社,1999
[15]李非.海峡两岸经济合作问题研究.北京：九州出版社,2006
[16]李鸿阶.WTO框架下的两岸经贸关系发展趋势.亚太经济,2009,09
[17]李兴湖.新形势下福州港建设与发展.上海：中国港口,2005
[18]练知轩.福州市长：海峡两岸经济区战略有利两岸二通.第一财经日报,2005-03-14
[19]林星.近代福建城市发展研究(1843—1949).厦门大学打印文稿,2004
[20]刘国祥.加快港口建设服务经济发展.江苏：交通企业管理,2007
[21]刘述铭.辽宁省沿海港口布局与功能整合.大连：大连海事大学,2008
[22]刘伟,王学锋.自由贸易政策与国际港口物流发展研究.上海：上海海运学院学报,2007
[23]刘兴增,陈光榕,陈智通.福建：以港口为核心构筑交通网络.中国交通新闻网络,2008
[24]罗正齐.港口经济学.北京：学苑出版社,2003
[25]马继列主编.福建省道路、水路运输业发展和管理的思考.福建：福建人民出版社,2003
[26]马继列主编.福建省道路、水路运输业运行和服务的探讨.福建：福建人民出版社,2004
[27]迈克尔A.希特、R.杜安·爱尔兰、罗伯特E.霍斯基森著,吕巍等译：《战略管理：竞争与全球化(概念)(原书第6版)》,机械工业出版社
[28]茅伯科.加快我国港口物流开发.中国水运,2008,11
[29]聂琦.论港口在现代物流中的地位和作用.大连海运学院打印文稿,2000
[30]曲宁.大连港建设区域国际航运中心问题研究.大连海事大学打印文稿,2001
[31]曲永岗.港口发展战略及其在连云港港口发展中的应用.河海大学打印文稿,2003
[32]王钦敏主编.自主创新支撑发展.海风出版社,2005
[33]谢萍.厦门港经济贡献定量研究.水运管理,2008
[34]徐伟.新世纪大连港发展战略研究.大连海事大学打印文稿,2002
[35]杨浩、赵鹏.交通运输的可持续发展.北京：中国铁道出版社,2001
[36]于书今主编.战略与思考2004·辽宁.万卷出版公司,2005
[37]张丽君等编著.现代港口物流.北京：中国经济出版社,2005
[38]朱海文.关于厦门市建设区域物流中心的研究.大连海事大学打印文稿,2003
[39]邹俊善.现代港口经济学.北京：人民交通出版社,2007
[40]Bird, J. H. (1998)Seaports as a subset of gateways for regions:a research survey. Progress in Human Geography,4(3),360-370.
[41]Charlier J. and Ridolfi G.Intermodal Transportation in Europe: Modes, Corridors and Routes. Maritime Policy and Management.1994(21): 237-250.
[42]Hoare, A. G. (1996)British ports and their export hinterlands:A rapidly changing geography. Geografiska Annaler 68B,29-40.
[43]Hoyle, B. S. and Pinder, D. A. (Eds.)Cityport Industrialization and Regional Development:Spatial Analysis and Planning Strategies.Oxford: Pergamon Press,2001.
[44]Kenyon J. Elements in Interport Competition in the United States..Economic Geography,2006 (46):1-24.
[45]Kenyon, J. Elements in interport competition in the United States. Economic Geography,1998 (46):1-24.
[46]Mayer H M. Current Trends in Great Lakes shipping. Geojournal, 2001(2):117-122.
[47]Mayer H M. The Port of Chicago and the St. Lawrence Seaway. Development of Geography Research Papers. No.49. Chicago:University of Chicago,2005.
[48]Morgan F W. Ports and Harbors. London:Hutchison Press,2006.
[49]Patton D J. General Cargo Hinterland of New York, Philadlphia, Baltimore and New Orleans. Annals of the AAG,2004.
[50]Seattle Authorities. The local and regional economic impacts of the Port of Seattle. Seattle, WA.1994.
[51]University of Oregon. The relation of habor activity to the local economy in Portland, Ports and Harbors.2007.
[52]Weigend G. Some Elements in the Study of Port'Geagraphy. Geographical Review,1999 (48):185-200.
[2]陈响平.我国港口建设的若干问题思考.水路运输文摘,2008,3
[3]福建省交通厅,交通部规划设计院.《福建省沿海港口布局规划》,2004
[4]福建省运输管理局.《福建省道路、水路运愉行业统计年鉴》
[5]傅崇兰、周明俊主编.中国特色城市发展理论与实践.北京：中国社会科学出版社,2003
[6]高尚全.建设“海峡西岸经济区”的几点建议.2004
[7]杭州湾大通道课题组.杭州清大通道及港口建设与区域经济发展的关系——系列研究之二.宁波：浙江万里学院学报,2008
[8]何任伟,范敬浅析两岸贸易往来.东华大学学报(社会科学版),2005,6
[9]胡明.中国沿海港口的建设与发展.水路运输文摘,2007,8
[10]胡序威、杨冠雄主编.中国沿海港口城市.北京：科学出版社,2004
[11]黄和荣.厦门港执行自由港的政策优势及对策.上海：中国港口,2005
[12]黄民生,李文实,昊聘奇.海峡两岸小三通进展分析及福建对台直航策略研究.福建：地理经济(福建师范大学地理科学院),2008
[13]黄民生.闽台港口开发对比.福建：经济地理(福建师范大学地理科学院),2006
[14]交通部海洋运输管理局、内河运输管理局编.中国对外开放港口.北京：人民交通出版社,1999
[15]李非.海峡两岸经济合作问题研究.北京：九州出版社,2006
[16]李鸿阶.WTO框架下的两岸经贸关系发展趋势.亚太经济,2009,09
[17]李兴湖.新形势下福州港建设与发展.上海：中国港口,2005
[18]练知轩.福州市长：海峡两岸经济区战略有利两岸二通.第一财经日报,2005-03-14
[19]林星.近代福建城市发展研究(1843—1949).厦门大学打印文稿,2004
[20]刘国祥.加快港口建设服务经济发展.江苏：交通企业管理,2007
[21]刘述铭.辽宁省沿海港口布局与功能整合.大连：大连海事大学,2008
[22]刘伟,王学锋.自由贸易政策与国际港口物流发展研究.上海：上海海运学院学报,2007
[23]刘兴增,陈光榕,陈智通.福建：以港口为核心构筑交通网络.中国交通新闻网络,2008
[24]罗正齐.港口经济学.北京：学苑出版社,2003
[25]马继列主编.福建省道路、水路运输业发展和管理的思考.福建：福建人民出版社,2003
[26]马继列主编.福建省道路、水路运输业运行和服务的探讨.福建：福建人民出版社,2004
[27]迈克尔A.希特、R.杜安·爱尔兰、罗伯特E.霍斯基森著,吕巍等译：《战略管理：竞争与全球化(概念)(原书第6版)》,机械工业出版社
[28]茅伯科.加快我国港口物流开发.中国水运,2008,11
[29]聂琦.论港口在现代物流中的地位和作用.大连海运学院打印文稿,2000
[30]曲宁.大连港建设区域国际航运中心问题研究.大连海事大学打印文稿,2001
[31]曲永岗.港口发展战略及其在连云港港口发展中的应用.河海大学打印文稿,2003
[32]王钦敏主编.自主创新支撑发展.海风出版社,2005
[33]谢萍.厦门港经济贡献定量研究.水运管理,2008
[34]徐伟.新世纪大连港发展战略研究.大连海事大学打印文稿,2002
[35]杨浩、赵鹏.交通运输的可持续发展.北京：中国铁道出版社,2001
[36]于书今主编.战略与思考2004·辽宁.万卷出版公司,2005
[37]张丽君等编著.现代港口物流.北京：中国经济出版社,2005
[38]朱海文.关于厦门市建设区域物流中心的研究.大连海事大学打印文稿,2003
[39]邹俊善.现代港口经济学.北京：人民交通出版社,2007
[40]Bird, J. H. (1998)Seaports as a subset of gateways for regions:a research survey. Progress in Human Geography,4(3),360-370.
[41]Charlier J. and Ridolfi G.Intermodal Transportation in Europe: Modes, Corridors and Routes. Maritime Policy and Management.1994(21): 237-250.
[42]Hoare, A. G. (1996)British ports and their export hinterlands:A rapidly changing geography. Geografiska Annaler 68B,29-40.
[43]Hoyle, B. S. and Pinder, D. A. (Eds.)Cityport Industrialization and Regional Development:Spatial Analysis and Planning Strategies.Oxford: Pergamon Press,2001.
[44]Kenyon J. Elements in Interport Competition in the United States..Economic Geography,2006 (46):1-24.
[45]Kenyon, J. Elements in interport competition in the United States. Economic Geography,1998 (46):1-24.
[46]Mayer H M. Current Trends in Great Lakes shipping. Geojournal, 2001(2):117-122.
[47]Mayer H M. The Port of Chicago and the St. Lawrence Seaway. Development of Geography Research Papers. No.49. Chicago:University of Chicago,2005.
[48]Morgan F W. Ports and Harbors. London:Hutchison Press,2006.
[49]Patton D J. General Cargo Hinterland of New York, Philadlphia, Baltimore and New Orleans. Annals of the AAG,2004.
[50]Seattle Authorities. The local and regional economic impacts of the Port of Seattle. Seattle, WA.1994.
[51]University of Oregon. The relation of habor activity to the local economy in Portland, Ports and Harbors.2007.
[52]Weigend G. Some Elements in the Study of Port'Geagraphy. Geographical Review,1999 (48):185-200.