汽车变速器加载试验台关键技术研究
摘要
变速器是汽车传动系中最主要的部件之一,它的主要功用是改变发动机的扭矩和转速,使之适应车辆的牵引力要求。因此,变速器工作状况的好坏直接影响到汽车整体性能,对变速器的试验至关重要。本文在分析大量专业书籍和文献资料的基础上,参考国内外汽车传动系试验台的应用成果,对汽车变速器的加载试验台进行整体方案设计,并对其试验加载技术进行研究。
论文首先介绍了变速器试验的意义及发展状况。其次,对乘用车变速器的结构、工作原理以及性能进行了分析,并着重介绍了被试变速器的结构特点。通过对汽车行驶工况所受阻力的分析,确定了汽车行驶过程中各工况条件下变速器所受的阻力。再次,根据变速器所受驱动力与阻力情况对变速器在台架上进行与实际工况相符的驱动与加载,并对变速器试验台的结构进行了介绍。最后,通过对变速器试验数据分析得出试验结果。
实际表明,本文提出的技术方案切实可行,技术环节的处理合乎需要,可以准确可靠地实现被试件的模拟加载。
Transmission is one of the key parts of vehicle driving system. Its main function is changing the torque and rotational speed from engine which adjusts to the requirement of draft load. So the working condition of the transmission has a direct effect on compositive performance of vehicles, and it is necessary to test the transmission. The transmission test rig of passenger vehicle and relative testing load technology has been designed and researched in this paper, based on analyzing lots of works and datum and referring to some abroad and inside application fruits about combination property testing bench.
Firstly, the meaning and the development of transmission tester are introduced in the paper. Secondly, by analyzing the construction, working principle and working condition of transmission of vehicle, the designed feature of tested transmission was introduced. By analyzing resistance during the vehicle's riding, resistance formulas for transmission in different riding condition have been founded. Thirdly, according to driving force and resistance of the transmission on the vehicle, the mechanical transmission on test bench has been driven and loaded. And the designed feature of the tested transmission is introduced. Lastly, according to the analysis of test data a result is given in this paper.
The result shows that the scheme is feasible, the technical route is also reasonable and suitable and the tested parts can be loaded accurately.
论文首先介绍了变速器试验的意义及发展状况。其次,对乘用车变速器的结构、工作原理以及性能进行了分析,并着重介绍了被试变速器的结构特点。通过对汽车行驶工况所受阻力的分析,确定了汽车行驶过程中各工况条件下变速器所受的阻力。再次,根据变速器所受驱动力与阻力情况对变速器在台架上进行与实际工况相符的驱动与加载,并对变速器试验台的结构进行了介绍。最后,通过对变速器试验数据分析得出试验结果。
实际表明,本文提出的技术方案切实可行,技术环节的处理合乎需要,可以准确可靠地实现被试件的模拟加载。
Transmission is one of the key parts of vehicle driving system. Its main function is changing the torque and rotational speed from engine which adjusts to the requirement of draft load. So the working condition of the transmission has a direct effect on compositive performance of vehicles, and it is necessary to test the transmission. The transmission test rig of passenger vehicle and relative testing load technology has been designed and researched in this paper, based on analyzing lots of works and datum and referring to some abroad and inside application fruits about combination property testing bench.
Firstly, the meaning and the development of transmission tester are introduced in the paper. Secondly, by analyzing the construction, working principle and working condition of transmission of vehicle, the designed feature of tested transmission was introduced. By analyzing resistance during the vehicle's riding, resistance formulas for transmission in different riding condition have been founded. Thirdly, according to driving force and resistance of the transmission on the vehicle, the mechanical transmission on test bench has been driven and loaded. And the designed feature of the tested transmission is introduced. Lastly, according to the analysis of test data a result is given in this paper.
The result shows that the scheme is feasible, the technical route is also reasonable and suitable and the tested parts can be loaded accurately.
引文
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[30]徐科军.《传感器与测试技术》[M].电子工业出版社,2006.1,34-41.
[31]黄长艺,严普强.机械工程测试技术基础[M].机械工业出版社,1999.7:196-197.
[32]孟臣,李敏.JN338智能数字式转矩转速传感器及其应用[J].国外电子元器件,2003年第11期.
[33]李杰敏.汽车拖拉机试验学(第二版)[M].机械工业出版社,2001.1:29-37.
[34]邱宣怀,郭可谦等.机械设计(第四版)[M].高等教育出版社,1997.7:176.
[2]申屠斌.汽车主减速器在线自动检测技术与系统[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文.2006:11-13.
[3]郭应时,袁伟.汽车试验学[M].人民交通出版社,2006:1-2.
[4]QC/T29063-92.汽车机械式变速器总成技术条件[S].
[5]刘明利等.变速箱液压加载试验台的研制[J].机床与液压,2001年第6期.
[6]安相璧.汽车试验工程[M].国防工业出版社,2006:324-330.
[7]陈家瑞.汽车构造(下册)(第二版)[M].机械工业出版社,2002:1-39,40-97.
[8]孙军.汽车发动机原理[M].安徽科学技术出版社,1999:1-20.
[9]王望予.汽车设计[M].机械工业出版社,2005:79-85.
[10]顾柏良.BOSCH汽车工程手册[M].(中文第2版),北京:北京理工大学出版社,2004.4:679-692,696-708,728-753.
[11]张铁柱,霍炜.汽车原理教程[M].国防工业出版社,2004:77-78.
[12]M.米奇克(德).汽车动力学[M].第二版,人民交通出版社,1985:19-40.
[13]余志生.汽车理论(第4版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.5:2-20.
[14]QC/T29063-92.汽车机械式变速器总成技术条件[S].
[15]QC/T568-1999.机械式变速器台架试验方法[S].
[16]汽车维修编委会.最新国内外汽车检测技术与维修设备实用手册[M].山西科技出版社,2004.12:55-83.
[17]濮良贵,纪名刚.机械设计[M].(第7版),高等教育出版社,2001.6:184-190.
[18]廖军.汽车变速器系统综合试验台的分析研究[J].广西机械,2000年第4期.
[19]Yan Qingdong.Automatic Control of Automobile Transmission Performance Test Stand[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of technology,1998,Vol.7,No.2.
[20]黄助远.合理选择传动系统及其部件的试验台[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,1996年第3期.
[21]陈菲.轻型车变速箱寿命测试系统的研究[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文,2006,7-9.
[22]林瑞光.电机与拖动基础[M].浙江大学出版社,2002.5:1-7.
[23]邓星钟.机电传动控制(第3版)[M].华中科技大学出版社,2001.3:15-16,114-124.
[24]王艳秋.电机与电力拖动[M].化学工业出版社,2001.8:2.
[25]李杰敏.汽车拖拉机试验学(第二版)[M].机械工业出版社,2001.1:29-37.
[26]湖湘测控仪器有限公司.CF型机座式磁粉制动器简介.
[27]三菱公司,MITSUBISHI.三菱电磁离合器.制动器技术资料[M].2005.2,17-99.
[28]成大先.机械设计手册(第12篇)-带链传动[M].化学工业出版社,2004.1.
[29]汽车工程手册编委会.汽车工程手册-试验篇.人民交通出版社,2001.5:83-86.
[30]徐科军.《传感器与测试技术》[M].电子工业出版社,2006.1,34-41.
[31]黄长艺,严普强.机械工程测试技术基础[M].机械工业出版社,1999.7:196-197.
[32]孟臣,李敏.JN338智能数字式转矩转速传感器及其应用[J].国外电子元器件,2003年第11期.
[33]李杰敏.汽车拖拉机试验学(第二版)[M].机械工业出版社,2001.1:29-37.
[34]邱宣怀,郭可谦等.机械设计(第四版)[M].高等教育出版社,1997.7:176.