BOT项目服务质量评价研究
|
摘要
作为私人资本参与国家基础设施和公用事业项目的一种非常有效的方式,BOT模式自1984年提出以来便开始世界范围内得到了广泛的应用。我国首个BOT项目是在1985年成功兴建的深圳沙角B电厂,随后我国陆续颁布了许多鼓励私有资本积极参与基础设施项目的文件,在20多年的时间内,BOT模式在水处理、发电厂和公共交通等基础设施领域内得到了广泛的应用。
随着应用的深入,BOT模式也逐渐暴露出一些问题。为了吸引私营资本参与基础设施建设、减少政府的财政支出,政府往往关注项目的特许价格、特许期、投标人能力与业绩等短期绩效指标,而忽视了项目服务质量监管。长春汇津污水处理厂、广东番禺垃圾焚烧发电厂等失败的案例都反映出这种做法的漏洞。尽管2004年建设部陆续出台了城市供水、管道燃气和城市生活垃圾处理项目的特许经营协议示范文本,然而,示范文本过于简略、忽视了项目服务质量的有关规制条款,无法为各地政府监管BOT项目提供有效的指导。
鉴于此,本研究的主要目的就是针对BOT项目服务质量缺乏完善、可靠的评价依据这一问题,构建一个合理的服务质量指标体系,同时选择一种有效地评价方法对其实施评价以解决我国BOT项目服务质量监管缺乏科学依据的问题。
本研究在服务质量等级模型的基础上,通过文献调研和专家访谈等方法构建了BOT项目服务质量概念模型,进而确立了BOT项目服务质量指标体系。指标体系包含服务过程质量、服务环境质量和服务结果质量三个维度,共有9个一级指标,19个二级指标。在评价模型的构建方面,本研究选择多级模糊综合评价法为主体,将专家主观权重和熵值法相结合构建了模糊熵权系数法来确定各指标的权重。最后,本研究将所构建的服务质量评价模型运用到深圳沙角B电厂的案例中,详细介绍了评价的实施步骤,得到该项目的整体服务质量及各个维度的服务质量状况,并对评价结果进行了分析。
As an effective way for private capital participating in the national infrastructure and public utility projects, BOT mode has been widely used in the world since 1984 when it was proposed firstly. Shajiao B power plant which was built in 1985 is our country's first successful BOT project. Then, China promulgated many documents to encourage private capital involved in infrastructure projects actively. During last more than 20 years, BOT mode has been widely used in water treatment, power plants, public transport infrastructure field etc.
With the deepening of the application, the BOT has exposed some problems gradually. In order to attract private capital participation in infrastructure construction and reduce government expenditure, the government tend to focus on short-term performance indicators, such as concession price, concession period, bidder's ability and performance etc., ignoring supervision of project service quality. The failure of many cases, such as Huijin sewage treatment plant and Panyu garbage incineration power plant etc. reflects vulnerabilities of this practice. The ministry of construction has promulgated the franchise agreement demonstrative document in urban water supply, pipeline gas and urban waste treatment projects since 2004; however, these documents are too brief and ignoring the regulation terms of project service quality, which can't provide effective guidance for government regulating BOT projects.
BOT project service quality evaluation lack of reliable and perfect evaluation basis, so, this study try to set up a reasonable service quality index system, and chose an effective evaluation method to solve the lack of scientific basis in BOT project service quality supervision.
Based on service quality level model, this study constructs BOT project service quality concept model through interviewing experts and investigating literature and then establishes the BOT project service quality index system. The system conclude 3 dimensions which are service process quality, service environment quality and service quality,9 index and 19 sub index. In the construction of the evaluation model, this study uses multi-grade fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method as main evaluation method and combines experts subjective weight and entropy method to construct the fuzzy entropy weight coefficient method to determine the weight of the indexes. At last, this study constructs BOT projects service quality evaluation model and applies it to Shajiao B power plant. This study introduces the implementation of the evaluation process, got the project's overall service quality and each dimension's service quality, and analyzed evaluation results.
随着应用的深入,BOT模式也逐渐暴露出一些问题。为了吸引私营资本参与基础设施建设、减少政府的财政支出,政府往往关注项目的特许价格、特许期、投标人能力与业绩等短期绩效指标,而忽视了项目服务质量监管。长春汇津污水处理厂、广东番禺垃圾焚烧发电厂等失败的案例都反映出这种做法的漏洞。尽管2004年建设部陆续出台了城市供水、管道燃气和城市生活垃圾处理项目的特许经营协议示范文本,然而,示范文本过于简略、忽视了项目服务质量的有关规制条款,无法为各地政府监管BOT项目提供有效的指导。
鉴于此,本研究的主要目的就是针对BOT项目服务质量缺乏完善、可靠的评价依据这一问题,构建一个合理的服务质量指标体系,同时选择一种有效地评价方法对其实施评价以解决我国BOT项目服务质量监管缺乏科学依据的问题。
本研究在服务质量等级模型的基础上,通过文献调研和专家访谈等方法构建了BOT项目服务质量概念模型,进而确立了BOT项目服务质量指标体系。指标体系包含服务过程质量、服务环境质量和服务结果质量三个维度,共有9个一级指标,19个二级指标。在评价模型的构建方面,本研究选择多级模糊综合评价法为主体,将专家主观权重和熵值法相结合构建了模糊熵权系数法来确定各指标的权重。最后,本研究将所构建的服务质量评价模型运用到深圳沙角B电厂的案例中,详细介绍了评价的实施步骤,得到该项目的整体服务质量及各个维度的服务质量状况,并对评价结果进行了分析。
As an effective way for private capital participating in the national infrastructure and public utility projects, BOT mode has been widely used in the world since 1984 when it was proposed firstly. Shajiao B power plant which was built in 1985 is our country's first successful BOT project. Then, China promulgated many documents to encourage private capital involved in infrastructure projects actively. During last more than 20 years, BOT mode has been widely used in water treatment, power plants, public transport infrastructure field etc.
With the deepening of the application, the BOT has exposed some problems gradually. In order to attract private capital participation in infrastructure construction and reduce government expenditure, the government tend to focus on short-term performance indicators, such as concession price, concession period, bidder's ability and performance etc., ignoring supervision of project service quality. The failure of many cases, such as Huijin sewage treatment plant and Panyu garbage incineration power plant etc. reflects vulnerabilities of this practice. The ministry of construction has promulgated the franchise agreement demonstrative document in urban water supply, pipeline gas and urban waste treatment projects since 2004; however, these documents are too brief and ignoring the regulation terms of project service quality, which can't provide effective guidance for government regulating BOT projects.
BOT project service quality evaluation lack of reliable and perfect evaluation basis, so, this study try to set up a reasonable service quality index system, and chose an effective evaluation method to solve the lack of scientific basis in BOT project service quality supervision.
Based on service quality level model, this study constructs BOT project service quality concept model through interviewing experts and investigating literature and then establishes the BOT project service quality index system. The system conclude 3 dimensions which are service process quality, service environment quality and service quality,9 index and 19 sub index. In the construction of the evaluation model, this study uses multi-grade fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method as main evaluation method and combines experts subjective weight and entropy method to construct the fuzzy entropy weight coefficient method to determine the weight of the indexes. At last, this study constructs BOT projects service quality evaluation model and applies it to Shajiao B power plant. This study introduces the implementation of the evaluation process, got the project's overall service quality and each dimension's service quality, and analyzed evaluation results.
引文
[1]TIONG R L K. Comparative study of BOT projects [J]. Journal of Management and Engineering,1990 (a),6(1):107-120.
[2]SHEN L Y, LEE K H, ZHANG Z. Application of BOT system for infrastructure projects in China [J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,1996,122(4): 319-323.
[3]黄小洛.公路、桥梁、隧道项目采用BOT方式的国外经验[J].国外公路,1996,16(4)：1-8.
[4]ABDUL-AZIZ A R. Unraveling of BOT scheme:Malaysia's Indah water consortium [J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2001,127(6):457-460.
[5]FAYARD A. Analysis of highway concession in Europe [C]. Conference on Highways: cost and regulation in Europe, Bergamo,2005.
[6]GUASCH J L. Granting and renegotiating infrastructure concessions:doing it right [C]. Washington, D. C:The World Bank,2004.
[7]YOUNG H K. Analyzing Asian infrastructure development privatization market [J].Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2002,128(2):110-116.
[8]中华人民共和国商务部建设.《关于以BOT方式吸收外商投资有关问题的通知》[EB/OL].[2009].http://www.fdi.gov.cn/pub/FDI/zcfg/zh/wstzfg/P020060619556951877863.pdf.
[9]百度法律.《关于试办外商投资特许权项目审批管理有关问题的通知》[EB/OL].[2009].http://law.baidu.com/pages/chinalawinfo/1/45/1clff6edc258f2a5e2cb302193b4b2e2_0.html.
[10]中国网.《关于鼓励支持和引导个体私营等非公有制经济发展的若干意见》[EB/OL]. [2009]. http://www.china.com.cn/chinese/PI-c/795128.htm.
[11]Morton R. Construction UK:Introduction to the Industry[M]. Blackwell Science, Oxford,2002.
[12]Gruneberg Stephen, Hughes Will, Ancell Debbie. Risk under performance-based contracting in the UK construction sector[J]. Construction Management and Economics,2007,25(7):691-699.
[13]Highways Agency:Value for money manual. Her Majesty's Stationery Office(HMSO), 1996.
[14]Xueqing Zhang. Paving the way for public-private partnerships in infrastructure development [J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2005,131(1): 71-80.
[15]Katalin Tanczos, Gi Seog Kong. A review of appraisal methodologies of feasibility studies done by public private partnership in road project development[J]. Transportation Engineering,2001,29(1-2):71-81.
[16]Demirag I., M. Dubnick, M. I. Khadaroo. A Framework for Examining Accountability and Value for Money in the UK's Private Finance Initiative[J]. The Journal of Corporate Citizenship,2004,15:63-76.
[17]Grout P. A. Value-for-money measurement in public-private partnerships[R]. European Investment Bank,2005.
[18]Herbert S. Robinson, Jon Scott. Service delivery and performance monitoring in PFI-PPP projects [J]. Construction Management and Economics,2009,27(2):181-197.
[19]牛茵.对PPP模式及其绩效的研究[D].北京交通大学,2006.
[20]王东波.不确定条件下BOT项目特许期决策模型研究[D].大连：大连理工大学,2009.
[21]戴大双,宋金波.BOT项目特许决策管理[M].电子工业出版社,2010.
[22]TAM C M. Build-operate-transfer model for infrastructure development Asia reason for success and failures [J]. International Journal for Project Management, 1999,17(6):377-382.
[23]温晓芸.“BOT”投融资方式及其在西部大开发中的作用[J].科技情报开发与经济,2004(8)：91-92.
[24]Lewis.R C, Booms B H. The marketing aspects of service quality in emerging perspectives on services marketing[J]. In:Berry L, Dhostack G Upah G ed. Chicago: American Marketing,1983:99-107.
[25]Gronroos C. Marketing in service Companies[M]. Malmo Liber,1983
[26]Gronroos, Christian. A Service Quality Model and Its Marketing Implications[J]. European Journal of Marketing,12(8):588-601.
[27]Parasuraman A, Zeithaml V A, Berry L L. A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research[J]. Journal of Marketing,1985,49:41-50.
[28]Vogels R, Lemmink J, Kasper H. Some methodological remarks on the SERVQUAL model. In:Avlonitis G L, Papavasiliou N K, Kourenenos A G ed. Marketing Thought and Practice in the 1990s. Conference Proceedings of the ⅩⅧ Annual Conference of the European Marketing Academy,1989.
[29]Parasuraman A, Zeithaml V A, Berry L L. SERVQUAL:A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality[J]. Journal of Retailing,1988,64(1):12-40.
[30]Carman J M. Consumer perceptions of service quality:an assessment of the SERVQUAL dimensions[J]. Journal of Retailing,1990,66(1):33-55.
[31]Thomasson B. Customers'Perception of Quality in the Services Offered by Garages. Research Report. Karlstad:Service Research Center, University of Karlstad,1989, 2.
[32]Albrecht C, Zemke R. Service America:Doing Business in the New Economy. New York: Warner,1985.
[33]Lindqvist L. Customers'Perception of Quality in Consumption Phase[J]. Research Report, Helsinki:Swedish School of Business and Economics,1988.
[34]陈学军.服务质量和企业形象关系的实证研究[M].人类工效学,2001,1：33-35.
[35]徐金灿.服务质量要素体系的探讨[D].北京：中国科学院,1998.
[36]叶凯莉,乔友庆.顾客满意评量之再探讨[J].管理评论,2001,2：87-111.
[37]Gronroos服务管理与营销—基于顾客关系的管理策略[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2002.
[38]Parasuranman, Zeithaml, Berry, L L. Communication and Control Processes in the Delivery of Service Quality [J]. Journal of Marketing,1988,52(1).
[39]MICHAEL K, JOSEPH C. Some lw thoughts on conceptualizing perceived service quality: a hierchical approach[J]. Journal of Marketing.2001,65(7):34-49.
[40]柴盈,韦福祥.服务质量内涵的综述与思考[J].科技与管理,2004(3).
[41]古银华,王会齐,张亚茜.关键绩效指标(KPI)方法文献综述及有关问题的探讨[J].内江科技,2005(2)：26.
[42]廖世理,程广林.关键绩效指标(KPI)的分解与设计[J].农村金融研究,2008,(9)：16-20.
[43]饶征,孙波.以KPI为核心的绩效管理[M].中国人民大学出版社,2003.
[44]金婷萍.BOT利益相关者及其共同参与机制[D].成都：西南交通大学,2007.
[45]白思俊等.现代项目管理[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2002,275-276.
[46]Lin Qiao, Shou Qing Wang. Framework for critical success factors of BOT project in China[J]. Journal of Project Finance,2001,7(1):53-62.
[47]Bakatjan, Sandalkhan. Optimal capital structure model for BOT power project in Turkey[J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2003,129 (1) 89-97.
[48]林聃.大企业技术自主创新能力的测度模型研究[D].北京：北京信息控制研究所,2008.
[49]邱菀华.管理决策与应用熵学[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2002.
[50]彭勇行.管理决策分析[M].北京：科学出版社[M],2000.
[51]范群.熵值法与战略选择优化.湖南师范大学社会科学学报[J],2008,5.
[52]苏为华.论统计指标的构造过程.统计研究[J],1996(5)：34-37.
[53]赵新博.PPP项目绩效评价研究[D].北京：清华大学,2009,6.
[54]袁竞峰.基于VFM的PPP项目绩效管理研究[D].南京：东南大学,2009.
[55]袁竞峰,季闯,李启明,Skibniewski Miroslaw J基础设施PPP项目的KPI评价标准设定研究及案例分析[J].现代管理科学,2010,12：24-27.
[56]张韵杨.政府对公路BOT融资项目监管问题的研究[D].长沙：长沙理工大学,2007.
[57]孙洁.BOT项目绩效评价探索[J].湖南财经高等专科学校学报,2009,25(121)：17-21.
[58]孟薇.高速公路BOT项目绩效评价研究[D].沈阳：东北林业大学,2009.
[59]王莉,曹聪.我国政府评估BOT项目方案的研究[J].西华大学学报·自然科学版,2005,24(4)：89-91.
[60]胡华如.城市基础设施PPP项目可持续性后评价研究[D].北京：清华大学,2006.
[61]赵国富.我国PPP高速公路项目社会影响分析[D].北京：清华大学,2008.
[62]曹堂哲.当代中国政府在BOT项目中的作用——案例、理论与政策[D].北京：北京大学,2004.
[63]Yuan Jingfeng, Zeng Yajun,Miroslaw J. Skibniewski, Li Qiming. Selection of Performance Objectives and Key Performance Indicators in Public-Private Partnership Projects to Achieve Value for Money[J]. Construction Management and Economics,2009,27(3):253-270.
[64]秦寿康.综合评价原理与应用[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2003.
[65]杨志发.高等级公路景观对行车安全影响的综合评价与仿真[D].长春：吉林大学,2007：32-34.
[66]王力宾.多元统计分析：模型、案例及SPSS应用.经济科学出版社[M].北京：经济科学出版社,2010.
[67]Richaed A.Johnson, Dean W.Wichern实用多元统计分析[M].陆漩,葛余博,赵衡秀,叶俊译,北京：清华大学出版社,2000.
[68]高析.BOT项目融资模式风险分析[J].水力发电,2002(4).
[69]陈留根.沙角B电厂管理模式的特点.中国电力企业管理[J],1996(2).
[70]张文郁.沙角B电厂的建设成功留给我们的思考[J].技术经济,1995(2).
[71]曹特朝.BOT融资研究——以沙角B厂为例[D].广州：暨南大学,2006.
[2]SHEN L Y, LEE K H, ZHANG Z. Application of BOT system for infrastructure projects in China [J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,1996,122(4): 319-323.
[3]黄小洛.公路、桥梁、隧道项目采用BOT方式的国外经验[J].国外公路,1996,16(4)：1-8.
[4]ABDUL-AZIZ A R. Unraveling of BOT scheme:Malaysia's Indah water consortium [J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2001,127(6):457-460.
[5]FAYARD A. Analysis of highway concession in Europe [C]. Conference on Highways: cost and regulation in Europe, Bergamo,2005.
[6]GUASCH J L. Granting and renegotiating infrastructure concessions:doing it right [C]. Washington, D. C:The World Bank,2004.
[7]YOUNG H K. Analyzing Asian infrastructure development privatization market [J].Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2002,128(2):110-116.
[8]中华人民共和国商务部建设.《关于以BOT方式吸收外商投资有关问题的通知》[EB/OL].[2009].http://www.fdi.gov.cn/pub/FDI/zcfg/zh/wstzfg/P020060619556951877863.pdf.
[9]百度法律.《关于试办外商投资特许权项目审批管理有关问题的通知》[EB/OL].[2009].http://law.baidu.com/pages/chinalawinfo/1/45/1clff6edc258f2a5e2cb302193b4b2e2_0.html.
[10]中国网.《关于鼓励支持和引导个体私营等非公有制经济发展的若干意见》[EB/OL]. [2009]. http://www.china.com.cn/chinese/PI-c/795128.htm.
[11]Morton R. Construction UK:Introduction to the Industry[M]. Blackwell Science, Oxford,2002.
[12]Gruneberg Stephen, Hughes Will, Ancell Debbie. Risk under performance-based contracting in the UK construction sector[J]. Construction Management and Economics,2007,25(7):691-699.
[13]Highways Agency:Value for money manual. Her Majesty's Stationery Office(HMSO), 1996.
[14]Xueqing Zhang. Paving the way for public-private partnerships in infrastructure development [J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2005,131(1): 71-80.
[15]Katalin Tanczos, Gi Seog Kong. A review of appraisal methodologies of feasibility studies done by public private partnership in road project development[J]. Transportation Engineering,2001,29(1-2):71-81.
[16]Demirag I., M. Dubnick, M. I. Khadaroo. A Framework for Examining Accountability and Value for Money in the UK's Private Finance Initiative[J]. The Journal of Corporate Citizenship,2004,15:63-76.
[17]Grout P. A. Value-for-money measurement in public-private partnerships[R]. European Investment Bank,2005.
[18]Herbert S. Robinson, Jon Scott. Service delivery and performance monitoring in PFI-PPP projects [J]. Construction Management and Economics,2009,27(2):181-197.
[19]牛茵.对PPP模式及其绩效的研究[D].北京交通大学,2006.
[20]王东波.不确定条件下BOT项目特许期决策模型研究[D].大连：大连理工大学,2009.
[21]戴大双,宋金波.BOT项目特许决策管理[M].电子工业出版社,2010.
[22]TAM C M. Build-operate-transfer model for infrastructure development Asia reason for success and failures [J]. International Journal for Project Management, 1999,17(6):377-382.
[23]温晓芸.“BOT”投融资方式及其在西部大开发中的作用[J].科技情报开发与经济,2004(8)：91-92.
[24]Lewis.R C, Booms B H. The marketing aspects of service quality in emerging perspectives on services marketing[J]. In:Berry L, Dhostack G Upah G ed. Chicago: American Marketing,1983:99-107.
[25]Gronroos C. Marketing in service Companies[M]. Malmo Liber,1983
[26]Gronroos, Christian. A Service Quality Model and Its Marketing Implications[J]. European Journal of Marketing,12(8):588-601.
[27]Parasuraman A, Zeithaml V A, Berry L L. A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research[J]. Journal of Marketing,1985,49:41-50.
[28]Vogels R, Lemmink J, Kasper H. Some methodological remarks on the SERVQUAL model. In:Avlonitis G L, Papavasiliou N K, Kourenenos A G ed. Marketing Thought and Practice in the 1990s. Conference Proceedings of the ⅩⅧ Annual Conference of the European Marketing Academy,1989.
[29]Parasuraman A, Zeithaml V A, Berry L L. SERVQUAL:A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality[J]. Journal of Retailing,1988,64(1):12-40.
[30]Carman J M. Consumer perceptions of service quality:an assessment of the SERVQUAL dimensions[J]. Journal of Retailing,1990,66(1):33-55.
[31]Thomasson B. Customers'Perception of Quality in the Services Offered by Garages. Research Report. Karlstad:Service Research Center, University of Karlstad,1989, 2.
[32]Albrecht C, Zemke R. Service America:Doing Business in the New Economy. New York: Warner,1985.
[33]Lindqvist L. Customers'Perception of Quality in Consumption Phase[J]. Research Report, Helsinki:Swedish School of Business and Economics,1988.
[34]陈学军.服务质量和企业形象关系的实证研究[M].人类工效学,2001,1：33-35.
[35]徐金灿.服务质量要素体系的探讨[D].北京：中国科学院,1998.
[36]叶凯莉,乔友庆.顾客满意评量之再探讨[J].管理评论,2001,2：87-111.
[37]Gronroos服务管理与营销—基于顾客关系的管理策略[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2002.
[38]Parasuranman, Zeithaml, Berry, L L. Communication and Control Processes in the Delivery of Service Quality [J]. Journal of Marketing,1988,52(1).
[39]MICHAEL K, JOSEPH C. Some lw thoughts on conceptualizing perceived service quality: a hierchical approach[J]. Journal of Marketing.2001,65(7):34-49.
[40]柴盈,韦福祥.服务质量内涵的综述与思考[J].科技与管理,2004(3).
[41]古银华,王会齐,张亚茜.关键绩效指标(KPI)方法文献综述及有关问题的探讨[J].内江科技,2005(2)：26.
[42]廖世理,程广林.关键绩效指标(KPI)的分解与设计[J].农村金融研究,2008,(9)：16-20.
[43]饶征,孙波.以KPI为核心的绩效管理[M].中国人民大学出版社,2003.
[44]金婷萍.BOT利益相关者及其共同参与机制[D].成都：西南交通大学,2007.
[45]白思俊等.现代项目管理[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2002,275-276.
[46]Lin Qiao, Shou Qing Wang. Framework for critical success factors of BOT project in China[J]. Journal of Project Finance,2001,7(1):53-62.
[47]Bakatjan, Sandalkhan. Optimal capital structure model for BOT power project in Turkey[J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2003,129 (1) 89-97.
[48]林聃.大企业技术自主创新能力的测度模型研究[D].北京：北京信息控制研究所,2008.
[49]邱菀华.管理决策与应用熵学[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2002.
[50]彭勇行.管理决策分析[M].北京：科学出版社[M],2000.
[51]范群.熵值法与战略选择优化.湖南师范大学社会科学学报[J],2008,5.
[52]苏为华.论统计指标的构造过程.统计研究[J],1996(5)：34-37.
[53]赵新博.PPP项目绩效评价研究[D].北京：清华大学,2009,6.
[54]袁竞峰.基于VFM的PPP项目绩效管理研究[D].南京：东南大学,2009.
[55]袁竞峰,季闯,李启明,Skibniewski Miroslaw J基础设施PPP项目的KPI评价标准设定研究及案例分析[J].现代管理科学,2010,12：24-27.
[56]张韵杨.政府对公路BOT融资项目监管问题的研究[D].长沙：长沙理工大学,2007.
[57]孙洁.BOT项目绩效评价探索[J].湖南财经高等专科学校学报,2009,25(121)：17-21.
[58]孟薇.高速公路BOT项目绩效评价研究[D].沈阳：东北林业大学,2009.
[59]王莉,曹聪.我国政府评估BOT项目方案的研究[J].西华大学学报·自然科学版,2005,24(4)：89-91.
[60]胡华如.城市基础设施PPP项目可持续性后评价研究[D].北京：清华大学,2006.
[61]赵国富.我国PPP高速公路项目社会影响分析[D].北京：清华大学,2008.
[62]曹堂哲.当代中国政府在BOT项目中的作用——案例、理论与政策[D].北京：北京大学,2004.
[63]Yuan Jingfeng, Zeng Yajun,Miroslaw J. Skibniewski, Li Qiming. Selection of Performance Objectives and Key Performance Indicators in Public-Private Partnership Projects to Achieve Value for Money[J]. Construction Management and Economics,2009,27(3):253-270.
[64]秦寿康.综合评价原理与应用[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2003.
[65]杨志发.高等级公路景观对行车安全影响的综合评价与仿真[D].长春：吉林大学,2007：32-34.
[66]王力宾.多元统计分析：模型、案例及SPSS应用.经济科学出版社[M].北京：经济科学出版社,2010.
[67]Richaed A.Johnson, Dean W.Wichern实用多元统计分析[M].陆漩,葛余博,赵衡秀,叶俊译,北京：清华大学出版社,2000.
[68]高析.BOT项目融资模式风险分析[J].水力发电,2002(4).
[69]陈留根.沙角B电厂管理模式的特点.中国电力企业管理[J],1996(2).
[70]张文郁.沙角B电厂的建设成功留给我们的思考[J].技术经济,1995(2).
[71]曹特朝.BOT融资研究——以沙角B厂为例[D].广州：暨南大学,2006.