二氧化硅基复合相变储能材料的制备及热性能研究
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摘要
随着世界能源危机问题的日益突出,对于新型能源和节能技术的开发和利用,逐渐得到各个国家的重视,相变储能技术包括其中。相变储能技术是利用相变材料在相变过程中吸热和放热来实现储能和释能,解决时间和空间与能源利用相矛盾的问题,提高能源利用的实效性,提高能源利用率,达到节能降耗的目的,在建筑、太阳能、废热利用等领域有广泛的应用前景。针对有机相变储能材料相变过程中的体积变化和液体泄漏等问题,本论文提出了采用有机相变材料与无机二氧化硅材料复合制备高性能定形相变储能材料的解决方法。
本论文以月桂酸为相变材料,二氧化硅为基体,采用溶胶-凝胶法将相变材料嵌入到SiO2网络空间内,制备出月桂酸/二氧化硅复合相变储能材料。采用IR、SEM及DSC等对复合相变储热材料进行了结构、形貌以及热性能表征。结果表明:含相变材料69.1%(质量分数)的复合材料相变温度为43.1℃,相变潜热高达104.64J/g,相变材料均匀的嵌入到SiO2网络空间内,发生相变时不泄露。同时二氧化硅作为基体材料形成空间传热网格,较大的提高了相变材料的导热性能。
以月桂酸为相变主体材料,硅酸钠为硅源材料,通过低热固相化学合成方法制备出二氧化硅包覆月桂酸复合相变储能材料。实验采用IR、ESEM、DSC以及XRD等对复合相变储热材料进行了结构、形貌以及热性能表征。结果表明:当月桂酸与硅酸钠质量比为5:2时可实现复合材料的有效包覆,复合材料的相变焓值高达98.94 J/g,相变温度为58.6℃。二氧化硅基体材料包裹于纯月桂酸相变材料表面,能够较好的提高相变材料的导热性能。
以切片石蜡为相变主体材料,通过乳液法制备石蜡微球,以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,在酸性环境下水解缩聚,实现对石蜡微球的包覆,制备出二氧化硅包覆石蜡相变微囊。实验采用IR、ESEM、DSC以及XRD等对复合相变储热材料进行了结构、形貌以及热性能表征。结果表明:正硅酸乙酯能够较好的在石蜡微球表面水解缩聚,达到二氧化硅的定形包覆目的,制备的复合相变微囊粒径在50μm左右,复合微囊材料的熔化热可到达110.4J/g,熔点温度为50.1℃,凝固热为103.8 J/g,凝固温度为53.2℃,制备的二氧化硅基复合相变储能材料具有较高的相变潜热和良好的导热性能,相变温度较低,可应用于常温储热和热能再生系统。
With the energy crisis increasing, development and application of new energy sources and energy saving technologies have received more attention, which include phase change energy storage technology. Phase change energy storage technology is that phase change materials absorb and release heat during phase transformation process,attain the purpose of energy-storage and energy-release, and solve the contradiction of energy application and time-space, achieve the purposes of fully utilizing and improvement of energy utilization ratio, to wide application prospects in building construction, solar energy, waste heat recovery and so on. According to the problems of volume change and liquid leakage of organic phase change materials during phase transformation process, put forward the solution that organic phase materials compound with silicon dioxide materials to prepare composite phase change materials.
Lauric acid was imbedded into the net of silicon dioxide (SiO2) to preparing lauric /silicon dioxide phase change energy storage composite material by sol-gel method in the research, lauric acid as phase change materials and silicon dioxide as matrix materials. The structure, morphology, and thermal performance of the composite were characterized by IR, SEM and DSC. The results show that the composite phase change materials containing 69.1%(mass fraction) lauric acid has a melting temperature of 43.1℃and latent heat of 104.64J/g. Lauric acid is uniformly imbedded into the net of silicon dioxide without melted leakage from the composite frame. The thermal conductivity of the phase change material can be improved effectively by using silicon dioxide as a supporting material.
Lauric /silicon dioxide phase change energy storage composite materials were prepared by low heating solid state reaction, lauric acid as phase change body materials and sodium silicate as raw materials. The structure, morphology, and thermal performance of the composite were characterized by IR, ESEM, DSC, XRD, etc. As the results, lauric acid materials are imbedded effectively when the mass ratio of sodium silicate and lauric acid materials is 2:5. The latent heat and melting temperature of the composite is 98.94 J/g and 58.6℃respectively. The thermal conductivity of composite phase change materials is improved by using silicon dioxide as coating materials.
paraffin/silicon dioxide composite microcapsule materials were prepared by emulsion method using paraffin as phase body materials, TEOS as silicon raw materials, silicon dioxide imbedded paraffin microspheres by hydrolysis and polycondensation of TEOS in acid environment. The structure, morphology, and thermal performance of the composite were characterized by IR, ESEM, DSC, XRD, et al. As the results, the TEOS can hydrolyze and polycondensate on the surface of paraffin microspheres. The average diameter of composite microcapsules is 50μm approximately, and latent heat of composite microcapsules is 110.4 J/g, and malting temperature is 50.1℃.
The composite phase change materials have high latent value and well thermal conductivity, and low phase transformation temperature, which can be used to room temperature energy storage and energy regeneration system.
本论文以月桂酸为相变材料,二氧化硅为基体,采用溶胶-凝胶法将相变材料嵌入到SiO2网络空间内,制备出月桂酸/二氧化硅复合相变储能材料。采用IR、SEM及DSC等对复合相变储热材料进行了结构、形貌以及热性能表征。结果表明:含相变材料69.1%(质量分数)的复合材料相变温度为43.1℃,相变潜热高达104.64J/g,相变材料均匀的嵌入到SiO2网络空间内,发生相变时不泄露。同时二氧化硅作为基体材料形成空间传热网格,较大的提高了相变材料的导热性能。
以月桂酸为相变主体材料,硅酸钠为硅源材料,通过低热固相化学合成方法制备出二氧化硅包覆月桂酸复合相变储能材料。实验采用IR、ESEM、DSC以及XRD等对复合相变储热材料进行了结构、形貌以及热性能表征。结果表明:当月桂酸与硅酸钠质量比为5:2时可实现复合材料的有效包覆,复合材料的相变焓值高达98.94 J/g,相变温度为58.6℃。二氧化硅基体材料包裹于纯月桂酸相变材料表面,能够较好的提高相变材料的导热性能。
以切片石蜡为相变主体材料,通过乳液法制备石蜡微球,以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,在酸性环境下水解缩聚,实现对石蜡微球的包覆,制备出二氧化硅包覆石蜡相变微囊。实验采用IR、ESEM、DSC以及XRD等对复合相变储热材料进行了结构、形貌以及热性能表征。结果表明:正硅酸乙酯能够较好的在石蜡微球表面水解缩聚,达到二氧化硅的定形包覆目的,制备的复合相变微囊粒径在50μm左右,复合微囊材料的熔化热可到达110.4J/g,熔点温度为50.1℃,凝固热为103.8 J/g,凝固温度为53.2℃,制备的二氧化硅基复合相变储能材料具有较高的相变潜热和良好的导热性能,相变温度较低,可应用于常温储热和热能再生系统。
With the energy crisis increasing, development and application of new energy sources and energy saving technologies have received more attention, which include phase change energy storage technology. Phase change energy storage technology is that phase change materials absorb and release heat during phase transformation process,attain the purpose of energy-storage and energy-release, and solve the contradiction of energy application and time-space, achieve the purposes of fully utilizing and improvement of energy utilization ratio, to wide application prospects in building construction, solar energy, waste heat recovery and so on. According to the problems of volume change and liquid leakage of organic phase change materials during phase transformation process, put forward the solution that organic phase materials compound with silicon dioxide materials to prepare composite phase change materials.
Lauric acid was imbedded into the net of silicon dioxide (SiO2) to preparing lauric /silicon dioxide phase change energy storage composite material by sol-gel method in the research, lauric acid as phase change materials and silicon dioxide as matrix materials. The structure, morphology, and thermal performance of the composite were characterized by IR, SEM and DSC. The results show that the composite phase change materials containing 69.1%(mass fraction) lauric acid has a melting temperature of 43.1℃and latent heat of 104.64J/g. Lauric acid is uniformly imbedded into the net of silicon dioxide without melted leakage from the composite frame. The thermal conductivity of the phase change material can be improved effectively by using silicon dioxide as a supporting material.
Lauric /silicon dioxide phase change energy storage composite materials were prepared by low heating solid state reaction, lauric acid as phase change body materials and sodium silicate as raw materials. The structure, morphology, and thermal performance of the composite were characterized by IR, ESEM, DSC, XRD, etc. As the results, lauric acid materials are imbedded effectively when the mass ratio of sodium silicate and lauric acid materials is 2:5. The latent heat and melting temperature of the composite is 98.94 J/g and 58.6℃respectively. The thermal conductivity of composite phase change materials is improved by using silicon dioxide as coating materials.
paraffin/silicon dioxide composite microcapsule materials were prepared by emulsion method using paraffin as phase body materials, TEOS as silicon raw materials, silicon dioxide imbedded paraffin microspheres by hydrolysis and polycondensation of TEOS in acid environment. The structure, morphology, and thermal performance of the composite were characterized by IR, ESEM, DSC, XRD, et al. As the results, the TEOS can hydrolyze and polycondensate on the surface of paraffin microspheres. The average diameter of composite microcapsules is 50μm approximately, and latent heat of composite microcapsules is 110.4 J/g, and malting temperature is 50.1℃.
The composite phase change materials have high latent value and well thermal conductivity, and low phase transformation temperature, which can be used to room temperature energy storage and energy regeneration system.
引文
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