基于EPC技术的物流业应用模型研究
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摘要
随着全球一体化和信息化的发展,传统物流业中只提供只针对本企业货物的查询服务已经远远不能满足用户想要了解货物整个生命周期信息的需求。由Auto-ID实验室主导的EPC系统逐渐的被主流制造商所承认和推广,并被广泛的应用于其对外界提供的信息管理服务当中。其中的ONS系统用于管理EPC码和与其相关信息服务器的地址信息映射,但是由于ONS是一种依赖于DNS的服务,所以也继承了DNS系统负载不均,安全性差等缺点。
针对ONS系统中存在的问题,本文以EPC系统为基础,使用分布式技术来重新构建ONS系统,提高系统的负载均衡性、安全性和使用效率,主要内容包含以下几个方面：首先,对现有系统中存在的问题进行分析,并对物流业中物品追踪问题进行模型化处理,并针对这些问题进行需求分析；其次将结构化分布式网络引入到ONS系统中,在模型运行的假设条件的基础上,建立分布式对象名称服务模型。而后对模型需要处理的数据进行定义和分析,明确模型中应用层和网络层的操作和工作流程,并分析了模型中的信息流的生成与传播；再次,在考虑到模型的效率和可扩展性的基础上,为模型添加简单的安全机制,保护模型中数据的私密性和完整性；最后,通过实例分析模型重组物流链的过程,从理论上验证物流查询的效率,随后通过相关实验平台对信息的生成、存储和查询的可行性进行试验,与其它主流的物流业应用模型进行对比,并得出结论。
本文将结构化分布式网络与ONS系统相结合,提供了一种管理EPC码与对应物品信息服务器信息的映射方法,解决了原有EPC系统中负载不均衡的问题,在改善了系统可扩展性同时,增强了系统的私密性和效率。
With globalization and the development of information technology, the query service which the the traditional logistics industry provides only for their own items has been far from satisfying the requirement that users want to know the information of goods' entire life cycle. The EPC system led by Auto-ID Labs has been gradually recognized and promoted by the mainstream manufacturers, and was widely used in its information management services provided to outside. One part of it is ONS system, which is used to manage EPC code and its associated information server address mapped information. However, because ONS is a kind of service depended on the DNS, and inherited the weakness of the DNS system that is load uneven and poor security.
For the problems in ONS system, this paper rebuilded the ONS system based on EPC system to improve system load balancing, security and efficiency. The main content included the following aspects:First, the problem analysis of existing system is given, a problem modeling of Item tracking in logistics industry is done, and the requirement analysis to address these issues is proposed. Second, the structure of distributed network is introduced into the ONS system, based on the model running assumptions a model of distributed object name services is established. Then the definitions and analysis of the data need to be addressed on the model is given, and model application and network layer operations and workflow are specified, while the analysis of the model generation and dissemination of information flow is presented. Third, based on taking into account the efficiency and scalability of model, a simple security mechanism is add to the model for protecting the privacy and integrity of the data. Finally, an example is analyzed which the process of reorganization of the logistics chain in model. Then the efficiency of logistics inquiries is validated theoretically. The feasibility of model is test by the associated experimental platform for generation, storage and query of information. The other mainstream application models in logistics industry are compared with model proposed in this paper and the thesis goes to the conclusion.
This dissertation, combining the structured distributed network and the ONS system, provided a method to manage the mapping between EPC code and information server of the corresponding items. While solving the problem of load imbalance in original system and improving the system scalability, this method enhances the privacy and efficiency of system at the same time.
针对ONS系统中存在的问题,本文以EPC系统为基础,使用分布式技术来重新构建ONS系统,提高系统的负载均衡性、安全性和使用效率,主要内容包含以下几个方面：首先,对现有系统中存在的问题进行分析,并对物流业中物品追踪问题进行模型化处理,并针对这些问题进行需求分析；其次将结构化分布式网络引入到ONS系统中,在模型运行的假设条件的基础上,建立分布式对象名称服务模型。而后对模型需要处理的数据进行定义和分析,明确模型中应用层和网络层的操作和工作流程,并分析了模型中的信息流的生成与传播；再次,在考虑到模型的效率和可扩展性的基础上,为模型添加简单的安全机制,保护模型中数据的私密性和完整性；最后,通过实例分析模型重组物流链的过程,从理论上验证物流查询的效率,随后通过相关实验平台对信息的生成、存储和查询的可行性进行试验,与其它主流的物流业应用模型进行对比,并得出结论。
本文将结构化分布式网络与ONS系统相结合,提供了一种管理EPC码与对应物品信息服务器信息的映射方法,解决了原有EPC系统中负载不均衡的问题,在改善了系统可扩展性同时,增强了系统的私密性和效率。
With globalization and the development of information technology, the query service which the the traditional logistics industry provides only for their own items has been far from satisfying the requirement that users want to know the information of goods' entire life cycle. The EPC system led by Auto-ID Labs has been gradually recognized and promoted by the mainstream manufacturers, and was widely used in its information management services provided to outside. One part of it is ONS system, which is used to manage EPC code and its associated information server address mapped information. However, because ONS is a kind of service depended on the DNS, and inherited the weakness of the DNS system that is load uneven and poor security.
For the problems in ONS system, this paper rebuilded the ONS system based on EPC system to improve system load balancing, security and efficiency. The main content included the following aspects:First, the problem analysis of existing system is given, a problem modeling of Item tracking in logistics industry is done, and the requirement analysis to address these issues is proposed. Second, the structure of distributed network is introduced into the ONS system, based on the model running assumptions a model of distributed object name services is established. Then the definitions and analysis of the data need to be addressed on the model is given, and model application and network layer operations and workflow are specified, while the analysis of the model generation and dissemination of information flow is presented. Third, based on taking into account the efficiency and scalability of model, a simple security mechanism is add to the model for protecting the privacy and integrity of the data. Finally, an example is analyzed which the process of reorganization of the logistics chain in model. Then the efficiency of logistics inquiries is validated theoretically. The feasibility of model is test by the associated experimental platform for generation, storage and query of information. The other mainstream application models in logistics industry are compared with model proposed in this paper and the thesis goes to the conclusion.
This dissertation, combining the structured distributed network and the ONS system, provided a method to manage the mapping between EPC code and information server of the corresponding items. While solving the problem of load imbalance in original system and improving the system scalability, this method enhances the privacy and efficiency of system at the same time.
引文
[1]杨刚,沈沛意,郑春红等.物联网理论与技术.科学出版社,2010：3-8页
[2]Thompson S.H, William R.KING. Integration between business Planning and Information Systems Planning:An Evolutionary-Contigency Perspeetive. Journal of Management Information Systems. Summer 1997,14(1):185-214P
[3]Cuiyun, M. and H. Yuanhang. Discussion on the Application of Internet of Things in Logistics Production Management. Proceedings of the International Conference on E-Business and E-Government. ICEE 2010,2010:3901-3903P
[4]张铎.物联网大趋势.清华大学出版社,2010：14-20页
[5]孙冰.物联网：互联网的下一站.中国经济周刊,2009：48页
[6]Rolf H.Weber. Internet of Things-Need for a New Legal Environment. Computer Law & Security Review,2009,25(1):521-525P
[7]Belgium. Internet of Things in 2020:A Roadmap for the Future. EC INFSO and EPoSS, 2008:15-19P
[8]Nath B, Reynolds F, and Want R. RFID technology and applications. IEEE Pervasive Computing,2006,7(1),22-24P
[9]International Telecommunication Union. ITU Interact Reports 2005:The Internet of Things,2005
[10]International Telecommunication Union. The internet of things 2009:executive summary. http://www.itu.int/osg/spu/publications/internetofthings,2009
[11]Sakamura K. T-Engine:The Open Platform for the Ubiquitous Computing Age.2005 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference,2005:3-6P
[12]Sakamura K. Intelligent House in the Age of Ubiquitous Computingp. A+U December Special Issue. A+U Publishing Co. Ltd,2005.9:56-65P
[13]郑海初.正在爆发的物联网革命.中华工商联合出版社,2010：30-44页
[14]项有建.冲出数字化物联网引爆新一轮技术革命.机械工业出版社.2010：31-34页
[15]AMARDEOC, SARMA, J G Identifies in the Future Internet of Things. WirelessPers Commun 2009,49(1):353-363P
[16]ATZORI L, IERA A, MORABITO G. TheInternet of Things:A Survey. Computer Networks,2010,54(15):2787-2805P
[17]孙敏袁玮.基于RFID技术的EPC网络系统.中国新通信,2007,15(3)：42-43页
[18]刘志峰.基于RFID技术的全球网络构建.计算机应用,2005,(25)：14-16页
[19]邹生,何新华.物流信息化与物联网建设.电子工业出版社.2010.1：81-84页
[20]Thiesse. F, Floerkemeier,C. Harrison, M. et al. Technology, Standards, and Real-world Developments of the EPC Network. Univ. of St. Gallen, St. Gallen,2009.12(2):36-43P
[21]EPCglobal. The EPCglobal architecture framework.2007-09. http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards/architecture/architecture_1_2-framework-20070 910.pdf
[22]Harrisonm. EPC Information Service(EPCIS). Cambridge Auto-ID Lab Institute for Manufacturing University of Cambridge,2005
[23]Honggoo Moon, Gideok Han, Hyukchul Kwon. Method for Logistics Information Access Control on EPCglobal Network through the Interaction between EPCIS and EPCIS Discovery System. KIISE Conference, Pusan University Busan Korea,26-27 October 2007:95-99P
[24]EPCglobal. EPCIS Standard v.1.0.1. http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards/epcis/ep cis_1_0_1-standard-20070921.pdf
[25]EPCglobal. ONS Standard v.1.0. http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards/ons/ons_1_0-standard-20051004.pdf
[26]EPCglobal. Tag Data Standard v.1.3.1. http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards/tds/t ds_1_3_1-standard-20070928.pdf
[27]EPCglobal. EPCglobal Standards Overview. http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards
[28]Fox G. Peer-to-Peer Network. Computing in Science and Engineering,2001.3(3): 75-77P
[29]Gong L. Peer-to-PeerNetworksinAction. IEEE Internet Computing,2002.6(1):37-39
[30]Tao Zhong. Y, Xing Wei. L. Routing Mechanism and Improvement of Pastry Peer-to-Peer Network,2006.1:27-30P
[31]王志晓,张大陆.基于本体的P2P复杂搜索明.计算机应用,2007,27(4)：780-785页
[32]周欣.对等网络中Pastry网络模型的研究.郑州大学,2006：10-18页
[33]Singh MR. Peering at Peer-to-Peer Computing. IEEE Internet Computing,2001,5(1): 4-5P
[34]Rainasamy S, Franeis P, Handley M. Karp Rand Shenker S.A Sealable Content-Addressable network. Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2001 Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication, SanDiego, CA, USA:ACM Press,2001:161-172P
[35]于忠涛,刘兴伟.Pastry网络模型的路由机制及改进.西华大学学报,2006.25(1)：27-30页
[36]M.S. Chen, K.G. Shin, D. D. Kandlur. Addressing, routing and broadeasting in hexagonal mesh multiproeessors. IEEE Trans.Computer,1990,39(1):10-15P
[37]C.G Plaxton, R. Rajaraman, A. W. Richa. Accessing nearby copies of replicated objects in a distributed environment. Theory of Computing System,1999,12(6):241-280P
[38]王红玉,董健全,王孟孟,钱小军.基于超节点的结构化PZP路由算法的研究.计算机应用,2006,26(11)：51-53页
[39]李楠.一种基于P2P网络的动态路由机制.福建电脑,2005,1(9)：93-106页
[40]Stephen D. Huston, James CE Johnson, Umar Syyid. The ACE Programmer's Guide. Pearson Education,2009.9:1-17P
[41]F. Zhou, A.D. Joseph, J. Kubiatowics. Approximate object location andspam filtering on peer-to-peer systems. in Proceedings of the 2003 ACM/IFIP/USENIX International Middleware Conference (Middleware 2003), ser. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.2672 Springer-Verlag,2003:1-20P
[42]BRIDGE project. BRIDGE WP02 Serial-Level Lookup Requirements. ht-tp://ww-w.bridge-project.eu/data/File/BRIDGE_WP02_Serial_level_lookup_Requirements.pdf
[43]BRIDGE project. BRIDGE WP02 High Level Design Discovery Services. http: //www.bridge-project.eu/data/File/BRIDGE_WP02_High_leve_design Discovery_Ser vices.pdf
[44]BRIDGE project. BRIDGE WP02 Working Prototype of Serial-Level Lookup Service. http://www.bridge-project.eu/data/File/BRIDGE_WP02_Prototype_Serial_le vel_lookup_service.pdf
[45]Afilias. Finding your Way in the Internet of Things. White Paper 2008.9, http://www.afilias.info/webfm send/11
[46]K. Framling, M. Harrison, and J. Brusey. Globally Unique Product Identifiers-Requirements and Solutions to Product Lifecycle Management. in Proceedings of 12th IFAC Symposium on Information Control Problems in Manufacturing (INCOM),2006: 17-19P
[2]Thompson S.H, William R.KING. Integration between business Planning and Information Systems Planning:An Evolutionary-Contigency Perspeetive. Journal of Management Information Systems. Summer 1997,14(1):185-214P
[3]Cuiyun, M. and H. Yuanhang. Discussion on the Application of Internet of Things in Logistics Production Management. Proceedings of the International Conference on E-Business and E-Government. ICEE 2010,2010:3901-3903P
[4]张铎.物联网大趋势.清华大学出版社,2010：14-20页
[5]孙冰.物联网：互联网的下一站.中国经济周刊,2009：48页
[6]Rolf H.Weber. Internet of Things-Need for a New Legal Environment. Computer Law & Security Review,2009,25(1):521-525P
[7]Belgium. Internet of Things in 2020:A Roadmap for the Future. EC INFSO and EPoSS, 2008:15-19P
[8]Nath B, Reynolds F, and Want R. RFID technology and applications. IEEE Pervasive Computing,2006,7(1),22-24P
[9]International Telecommunication Union. ITU Interact Reports 2005:The Internet of Things,2005
[10]International Telecommunication Union. The internet of things 2009:executive summary. http://www.itu.int/osg/spu/publications/internetofthings,2009
[11]Sakamura K. T-Engine:The Open Platform for the Ubiquitous Computing Age.2005 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference,2005:3-6P
[12]Sakamura K. Intelligent House in the Age of Ubiquitous Computingp. A+U December Special Issue. A+U Publishing Co. Ltd,2005.9:56-65P
[13]郑海初.正在爆发的物联网革命.中华工商联合出版社,2010：30-44页
[14]项有建.冲出数字化物联网引爆新一轮技术革命.机械工业出版社.2010：31-34页
[15]AMARDEOC, SARMA, J G Identifies in the Future Internet of Things. WirelessPers Commun 2009,49(1):353-363P
[16]ATZORI L, IERA A, MORABITO G. TheInternet of Things:A Survey. Computer Networks,2010,54(15):2787-2805P
[17]孙敏袁玮.基于RFID技术的EPC网络系统.中国新通信,2007,15(3)：42-43页
[18]刘志峰.基于RFID技术的全球网络构建.计算机应用,2005,(25)：14-16页
[19]邹生,何新华.物流信息化与物联网建设.电子工业出版社.2010.1：81-84页
[20]Thiesse. F, Floerkemeier,C. Harrison, M. et al. Technology, Standards, and Real-world Developments of the EPC Network. Univ. of St. Gallen, St. Gallen,2009.12(2):36-43P
[21]EPCglobal. The EPCglobal architecture framework.2007-09. http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards/architecture/architecture_1_2-framework-20070 910.pdf
[22]Harrisonm. EPC Information Service(EPCIS). Cambridge Auto-ID Lab Institute for Manufacturing University of Cambridge,2005
[23]Honggoo Moon, Gideok Han, Hyukchul Kwon. Method for Logistics Information Access Control on EPCglobal Network through the Interaction between EPCIS and EPCIS Discovery System. KIISE Conference, Pusan University Busan Korea,26-27 October 2007:95-99P
[24]EPCglobal. EPCIS Standard v.1.0.1. http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards/epcis/ep cis_1_0_1-standard-20070921.pdf
[25]EPCglobal. ONS Standard v.1.0. http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards/ons/ons_1_0-standard-20051004.pdf
[26]EPCglobal. Tag Data Standard v.1.3.1. http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards/tds/t ds_1_3_1-standard-20070928.pdf
[27]EPCglobal. EPCglobal Standards Overview. http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards
[28]Fox G. Peer-to-Peer Network. Computing in Science and Engineering,2001.3(3): 75-77P
[29]Gong L. Peer-to-PeerNetworksinAction. IEEE Internet Computing,2002.6(1):37-39
[30]Tao Zhong. Y, Xing Wei. L. Routing Mechanism and Improvement of Pastry Peer-to-Peer Network,2006.1:27-30P
[31]王志晓,张大陆.基于本体的P2P复杂搜索明.计算机应用,2007,27(4)：780-785页
[32]周欣.对等网络中Pastry网络模型的研究.郑州大学,2006：10-18页
[33]Singh MR. Peering at Peer-to-Peer Computing. IEEE Internet Computing,2001,5(1): 4-5P
[34]Rainasamy S, Franeis P, Handley M. Karp Rand Shenker S.A Sealable Content-Addressable network. Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2001 Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication, SanDiego, CA, USA:ACM Press,2001:161-172P
[35]于忠涛,刘兴伟.Pastry网络模型的路由机制及改进.西华大学学报,2006.25(1)：27-30页
[36]M.S. Chen, K.G. Shin, D. D. Kandlur. Addressing, routing and broadeasting in hexagonal mesh multiproeessors. IEEE Trans.Computer,1990,39(1):10-15P
[37]C.G Plaxton, R. Rajaraman, A. W. Richa. Accessing nearby copies of replicated objects in a distributed environment. Theory of Computing System,1999,12(6):241-280P
[38]王红玉,董健全,王孟孟,钱小军.基于超节点的结构化PZP路由算法的研究.计算机应用,2006,26(11)：51-53页
[39]李楠.一种基于P2P网络的动态路由机制.福建电脑,2005,1(9)：93-106页
[40]Stephen D. Huston, James CE Johnson, Umar Syyid. The ACE Programmer's Guide. Pearson Education,2009.9:1-17P
[41]F. Zhou, A.D. Joseph, J. Kubiatowics. Approximate object location andspam filtering on peer-to-peer systems. in Proceedings of the 2003 ACM/IFIP/USENIX International Middleware Conference (Middleware 2003), ser. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.2672 Springer-Verlag,2003:1-20P
[42]BRIDGE project. BRIDGE WP02 Serial-Level Lookup Requirements. ht-tp://ww-w.bridge-project.eu/data/File/BRIDGE_WP02_Serial_level_lookup_Requirements.pdf
[43]BRIDGE project. BRIDGE WP02 High Level Design Discovery Services. http: //www.bridge-project.eu/data/File/BRIDGE_WP02_High_leve_design Discovery_Ser vices.pdf
[44]BRIDGE project. BRIDGE WP02 Working Prototype of Serial-Level Lookup Service. http://www.bridge-project.eu/data/File/BRIDGE_WP02_Prototype_Serial_le vel_lookup_service.pdf
[45]Afilias. Finding your Way in the Internet of Things. White Paper 2008.9, http://www.afilias.info/webfm send/11
[46]K. Framling, M. Harrison, and J. Brusey. Globally Unique Product Identifiers-Requirements and Solutions to Product Lifecycle Management. in Proceedings of 12th IFAC Symposium on Information Control Problems in Manufacturing (INCOM),2006: 17-19P