技术创新过程中的技术机会研究
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摘要
技术创新过程中的技术机会是技术创新理论研究中不容忽视的重要组成部分。然而,理论界并未特别重视技术机会的研究,而实践中我国企业的机会至上战略又影响了企业对技术与管理的关注,致使企业很少考虑由技术机会带来的技术创新和企业的持续竞争力。鉴于此,从哲学的角度对技术机会的本质加以分析,并综合研究技术创新过程中的技术机会的识别与把握,可以深化对整个技术创新过程的理解。
     本文包括五部分,共九章。第一部分为第一章“绪论”,阐述了国内外技术机会研究的现状,提出了当前存在的问题,确定了研究的方法和思路。第二部分为第二章“机会与技术机会”,探讨了机会与技术机会的基本概念,分析了技术机会的特性。第三部分为第三章“技术机会与技术创新过程”,分析了过程论视野中的技术创新,指出成功的技术创新过程需要适时把握技术机会,并从技术机会的观点对技术创新过程加以阐释,认为技术创新是对技术机会的认识和实现的过程,是在一定的技术范式下利用技术机会解决问题的过程,是通过技术机会展现技术范式和技术轨迹的过程。第四部分包括文中的第四章到第八章,从技术创新过程中的创新决策活动、创新R&D活动、生产创新活动、市场创新活动和管理创新活动等方面,比较深入地分析了技术机会的作用、存在域、分类及利用。第五部分是第九章“结论”,对本项研究的基本结论加以概括总结,为深入研究技术创新过程拓展了研究空间。
     技术机会是企业技术创新的核心,技术机会既是技术创新的结果,又为企业新一轮的技术创新提供契机,因此企业有必要识别和把握可能出现的技术机会,这样才能提高企业的技术创新能力和国际竞争力。
Technological opportunity in the technological innovation process is an important part in the technological innovation theory. However, the academics don't pay special attention to the study on technological opportunity, and moreover the opportunity-supremacy strategy of the enterprises in China restricts the enterprises'attention to technology and management, with the result that the enterprises seldom consider the technological innovation and continued competitiveness brought about by technological opportunity. In view of this, it is nessecary that the essence of technological opportunity should be analyzed from philosophical perspective, and the recognition and usage of technological opportunity should be researched comprehensively, which can deepen the understanding of the technological innovation process.
     This paper is consisted of five parts, a total of nine chapters as follows. The first part is Chapter 1 Introduction, the researches on technological opportunity at home and abroad are expounded, the existing problems are put forward, and research methods and train of thoughts are confirmed. The second part is Chapter 2 Opportunity and Technological Opportunity, which explores the basic definitions of opportunity and technological opportunity, and analyzes the characteristics of technological opportunity. The third part is Chapter 3 Technological Opportunity and Technological Innovation Process, in which technological innovation from the process perspective is analyzed, and it is pointed out that technological opportunity should be grasped timely in a successful technological innovation process. And moreover the technological innovation process is expounded from the technological opportunity perspective, that is, technological innovation is a process of recognition and realization of technological opportunity, is a process of using technological opportunity to solve problems under a technological paradigm, and is a process to present technological paradigm and technological trajectory through technological opportunity. The fourth part is from Chapter 4 to Chapter 8. From the perspective of five kinds of activities in the technological innovation process, that is, the innovation decision activities, the innovation R&D activities, the production innovation activities, market innovation activities and management innovation activities, the role, existence domain and usage of technological opportunity are deeply analyzed. The fifth part is Chapter 9 Conclusion, which summarizes the basic conclusions of this study, broadening the research space for in-depth study of the technological innovation process.
     Technological opportunity is the core of technological innovation. Technological opportunity is not only the outcome of technological innovation, but also the driving forces for a new round of technological innovation. Therefore, an enterprise must recognize and grasp technological opportunity, so that its capacity of technological innovation and international competitiveness can be improved.
引文
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