配电网静止同步补偿器控制方法的研究
|
摘要
电能质量问题,尤其是无功功率和谐波的问题,严重威胁着电网的安全运行。静止同步补偿器(DSTATCOM),作为新一代无功功率补偿装置,它以其平滑的无功调节、快速的动态特性等优良性能能引起了国内外科研与工程领域的广泛关注。
基于现有的稳态数学模型,本文在abc坐标系和dq旋转坐标系下分析DSTATCOM的动态数学模型,在此基础上重点探讨了基于旋转坐标系下的PI调节直接电流控制和预测电流控制策略,并对这两种控制方法的性能进行了比较研究,最后给出仿真和实验结果。结果验证了两种方法均可以实现较好的直流侧电压和交流侧电流的控制,并且在无功给定模式切换情况下仍能达到较好的稳态效果。同时本文在理论分析和仿真的基础上探讨了主电路参数的选取方法及连接电感和直流电容的变化对系统性能的影响,虽然这些参数值的选取都有一个较大的范围,参数选取没有统一的准则,但是要能够使DSTATCOM装置稳定运行,得到最佳补偿效果,就必须结合理论、根据实际情况,通过大量的实验和仿真分析得到比较恰当的参数。
本文搭建了一台基于IPM和DSP的±5Kvar的DSTATCOM实验装置,并进行实验研究,实验结果表明:本系统采用的两种直接电流控制方法均可以实现较好的直流侧电压和交流侧电流的控制,稳态性能良好。
The problem of electric energy quality menaces seriously the safeoperation of the power network, especially reactive power and harmonics. As a new Var compensator, the Static Synchronous compenator (DSTATCOM) attracts extensive attention for its perfect performance such as smooth regulation of Var and dynamic capability. And Some general control strategy and are researched and their dynamic performance are studied through the Digital simulation. A novel method is proposed to imprve results of inverse-system PI control strategy, and Simulation results are provided to illustrate the merits of method.
In this thesis, Furthermore, the equivalent circuit and dynamic model of its main structure are built,with dynamic characteristics analyzing on a-b-c coordinate and d-q coordinate respectively. Above researches found a basis for control and realization. At the same time analysis and comparison have been carried on the electric current decoupled control algorithm. The thesis analyse several more important systematic parameters in StatCom device combining with the theory. Some suggestions for the proper selection of parameters are proposed such as equivalence reactance, equivalence resistance, electric capacity of energy storage of dc side. The test result indicates that the electric current decoupled control algorithm can make the PWM rectification system have fine dynamic and static characters. After the simplification of electric current decoupled control algorithm, the control precision of rectifier is not affected but the algorithm is liable to be realized and adjusted.
At last,±5KVar experimental prototypes of AC power supplies of multiple-loop analog and digital control system have been made. Fast dynamic response and load compatibility have been verified by the experiment of step change in the load and under rated full-wave diode bridge rectifier load.
基于现有的稳态数学模型,本文在abc坐标系和dq旋转坐标系下分析DSTATCOM的动态数学模型,在此基础上重点探讨了基于旋转坐标系下的PI调节直接电流控制和预测电流控制策略,并对这两种控制方法的性能进行了比较研究,最后给出仿真和实验结果。结果验证了两种方法均可以实现较好的直流侧电压和交流侧电流的控制,并且在无功给定模式切换情况下仍能达到较好的稳态效果。同时本文在理论分析和仿真的基础上探讨了主电路参数的选取方法及连接电感和直流电容的变化对系统性能的影响,虽然这些参数值的选取都有一个较大的范围,参数选取没有统一的准则,但是要能够使DSTATCOM装置稳定运行,得到最佳补偿效果,就必须结合理论、根据实际情况,通过大量的实验和仿真分析得到比较恰当的参数。
本文搭建了一台基于IPM和DSP的±5Kvar的DSTATCOM实验装置,并进行实验研究,实验结果表明:本系统采用的两种直接电流控制方法均可以实现较好的直流侧电压和交流侧电流的控制,稳态性能良好。
The problem of electric energy quality menaces seriously the safeoperation of the power network, especially reactive power and harmonics. As a new Var compensator, the Static Synchronous compenator (DSTATCOM) attracts extensive attention for its perfect performance such as smooth regulation of Var and dynamic capability. And Some general control strategy and are researched and their dynamic performance are studied through the Digital simulation. A novel method is proposed to imprve results of inverse-system PI control strategy, and Simulation results are provided to illustrate the merits of method.
In this thesis, Furthermore, the equivalent circuit and dynamic model of its main structure are built,with dynamic characteristics analyzing on a-b-c coordinate and d-q coordinate respectively. Above researches found a basis for control and realization. At the same time analysis and comparison have been carried on the electric current decoupled control algorithm. The thesis analyse several more important systematic parameters in StatCom device combining with the theory. Some suggestions for the proper selection of parameters are proposed such as equivalence reactance, equivalence resistance, electric capacity of energy storage of dc side. The test result indicates that the electric current decoupled control algorithm can make the PWM rectification system have fine dynamic and static characters. After the simplification of electric current decoupled control algorithm, the control precision of rectifier is not affected but the algorithm is liable to be realized and adjusted.
At last,±5KVar experimental prototypes of AC power supplies of multiple-loop analog and digital control system have been made. Fast dynamic response and load compatibility have been verified by the experiment of step change in the load and under rated full-wave diode bridge rectifier load.
引文
[1]孟燕妮.配电网静止同步补偿器控制器的研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[2]姜齐荣,谢小荣,陈建业.电力系统并联补偿-结构、原理、控制与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004,80-130.
[3]柳爱美.先进静止无功发生器(ASVG)原理及装置的研制[D].中南大学硕士学位论文,2005
[4]董云龙.静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)的仿真与实现[D].东南大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[5]Bingsen Wang,Jimmie J,Cathey.DSP-controlled space-vector PWM current source converter for STATCOM application[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2003,40(10):123-131.
[6]陈锐坚.低压静止同步补偿器的研究[D].清华大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[7]唐飞.基于DSP的静止无功发生器控制器的硬件、软件系统设计及实验[D].广西大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[8]姜齐荣,刘文华,韩英铎等.±20Mvar STATCOM控制器设计[J].电力系统自动化,2000,34(10):24-29.
[9]章勇高,康勇,刘黎明等.静止同步补偿器的双闭环控制系统设计[J].电力自动化设备,2006,39(10):62-66.
[10]郭锐,刘国海.静止同步补偿器数学模型及其无功电流控制研究[J].电力自动化设备,2006,48(1):21-24.
[11]J.DOVAL,C.M.PENALVER,A.LAGO.Considerations of DSP Controlled VSC based STATCOM [J].IEEE Trans.on Indus.Applic.,2003,36(1):139-145.
[12]王超.静止无功补偿器D-STATCOM的研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[13]马献宏.DSTATCOM控制方法的研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[14]同向前,王超,钟彦儒.基于SPWM-VSI结构的DSTATCOM的实验研究[J].电工电能新技术,2004,32(7):31-34.
[15]马晓军,杨波,刘文华等STATCOM在系统不对称下的开关函数分析法[J].电力系统自动化2000,34(17):32-36.
[16]姜齐荣,王强,韩英铎等.新型静止无功发生器(ASVG)装置的建模及控制[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1997,32(7):21-25.
[17]魏文辉,刘文华,宋强等.基于逆系统方法有功-无功解耦PWM控制的链式STATCOM动态控制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,34(3):23-28.
[18]耿俊成,刘文华,袁志昌.链式STATCOM电容电压不平衡现象研究(二)数学模型[J].电力系统自动化,2003 44(17):35-19.
[19]耿俊成,刘文华,愈旭峰等.链式STATCOM的数学模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,45(6):66-70.
[20]洪乃刚.电力电子和电力拖动控制系统的MATLAB仿真[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006:15-25.
[21]周方圆,罗德凌,唐朝晖.单相电路谐波电流实时检测的新方法研究[J].电气应用,2005,39(6):73-75.
[22]尉冰娟,王明渝,张淑国.无锁相环i_p-i_q法在有源滤波器中的实现[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2006,39(2):50-54.
[23]Akagi H,Satoshi Ogasawara,Hyosung Kim.The Theory of Instantaneous Power in Three-phase Four-wire Systems[J].IEEE Trans.on Indus.Applic.,1999,20(1):431-439.
[24]Fang Zheng Peng,Jih-Sheng Lai.Generalized Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory for Three-phase Power Systems[J].IEEE Trans on Industry and Measurement,1996,45(1):293-297.
[25]G.-W.Moon.Predictive current control of distribution static compensator for reactive power compensation[J].IEEE Trans.on Indus.Applic.,1999,25(1):41-43.
[26]刘和平,王维俊,江渝等.TMS320LF240X DSP C语言开发应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[27]姜齐荣.新型静止无功发生器建模及其控制的研究[D].清华大学博士学位论文,1997.
[28]刘文华,卢军锋等.基于SHE-PWM的D-STATCOM的控制器和脉冲发生器的设计[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2002,26(9):1188-1191.
[29]李正国,王华昕等.基于IGBT并采用自校正算法的ASVG装置的研制[J].中南工业大学学报,2002,28(5):538-542.
[30]Schauder C,Mehta H.Vector analysis and control of advanced static var compensators[J].IEEE Trans.on Indus.Applic.,1993,10(1):139-145.
[31]陈国呈(译).电力电子电路[M].北京:科学出版社.2003.
[32]翁学义.非线性预测控制方法的研究[D].浙江大学博士学位论文,1998.
[33]王研,杜军红,陶伟宜等.基于DSP的空间电压法PWM的研究[J].电机与控制学报,2000,30(2):98-105.
[34]吴守箴,臧英杰.电气传动的脉宽调制控制技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社.1995.
[35]窦玉东.基于TMS320F240的矢量控制交流调速系统的研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[36]马国喜.先进静止无功发生器(ASVG)的建模与控制研究[D].中南大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[37]B.Blazic,I.Papic.A new mathematical model and control of D-StatCom for operation under unbalanced conditions[J].Electric Power Systems Research..2004,72(10):279-287.
[38]Taotao Jim,Xiaofan Chen,Keyue M.Smedley.A New One-Cycle Controlled FACTS Element with the Function of DSTATCOM and Active Power Filter[J].IEEE Trans.on Indus.Applic,2000,21(1):440-449.
[39]Tatiana M.L.de Assis,Edson H,Watanable,Luiz Alberto S.Pilotto.A New Technique to Control Reactive Power Oscillations Using STATCOM[J].IEEE Trans.on Engrgy conversion,1999,44(1):402-412.
[40] Soo-Yang Jung,Tae-Hyun Kim,Seung-T Moon. Analysis and Control of DSTATCOM for a Line Voltage Regulation [J]. IEEE Trans.on Indus .Applic ,2002,34(2):220-229.
[2]姜齐荣,谢小荣,陈建业.电力系统并联补偿-结构、原理、控制与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004,80-130.
[3]柳爱美.先进静止无功发生器(ASVG)原理及装置的研制[D].中南大学硕士学位论文,2005
[4]董云龙.静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)的仿真与实现[D].东南大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[5]Bingsen Wang,Jimmie J,Cathey.DSP-controlled space-vector PWM current source converter for STATCOM application[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2003,40(10):123-131.
[6]陈锐坚.低压静止同步补偿器的研究[D].清华大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[7]唐飞.基于DSP的静止无功发生器控制器的硬件、软件系统设计及实验[D].广西大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[8]姜齐荣,刘文华,韩英铎等.±20Mvar STATCOM控制器设计[J].电力系统自动化,2000,34(10):24-29.
[9]章勇高,康勇,刘黎明等.静止同步补偿器的双闭环控制系统设计[J].电力自动化设备,2006,39(10):62-66.
[10]郭锐,刘国海.静止同步补偿器数学模型及其无功电流控制研究[J].电力自动化设备,2006,48(1):21-24.
[11]J.DOVAL,C.M.PENALVER,A.LAGO.Considerations of DSP Controlled VSC based STATCOM [J].IEEE Trans.on Indus.Applic.,2003,36(1):139-145.
[12]王超.静止无功补偿器D-STATCOM的研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[13]马献宏.DSTATCOM控制方法的研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[14]同向前,王超,钟彦儒.基于SPWM-VSI结构的DSTATCOM的实验研究[J].电工电能新技术,2004,32(7):31-34.
[15]马晓军,杨波,刘文华等STATCOM在系统不对称下的开关函数分析法[J].电力系统自动化2000,34(17):32-36.
[16]姜齐荣,王强,韩英铎等.新型静止无功发生器(ASVG)装置的建模及控制[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1997,32(7):21-25.
[17]魏文辉,刘文华,宋强等.基于逆系统方法有功-无功解耦PWM控制的链式STATCOM动态控制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,34(3):23-28.
[18]耿俊成,刘文华,袁志昌.链式STATCOM电容电压不平衡现象研究(二)数学模型[J].电力系统自动化,2003 44(17):35-19.
[19]耿俊成,刘文华,愈旭峰等.链式STATCOM的数学模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,45(6):66-70.
[20]洪乃刚.电力电子和电力拖动控制系统的MATLAB仿真[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006:15-25.
[21]周方圆,罗德凌,唐朝晖.单相电路谐波电流实时检测的新方法研究[J].电气应用,2005,39(6):73-75.
[22]尉冰娟,王明渝,张淑国.无锁相环i_p-i_q法在有源滤波器中的实现[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2006,39(2):50-54.
[23]Akagi H,Satoshi Ogasawara,Hyosung Kim.The Theory of Instantaneous Power in Three-phase Four-wire Systems[J].IEEE Trans.on Indus.Applic.,1999,20(1):431-439.
[24]Fang Zheng Peng,Jih-Sheng Lai.Generalized Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory for Three-phase Power Systems[J].IEEE Trans on Industry and Measurement,1996,45(1):293-297.
[25]G.-W.Moon.Predictive current control of distribution static compensator for reactive power compensation[J].IEEE Trans.on Indus.Applic.,1999,25(1):41-43.
[26]刘和平,王维俊,江渝等.TMS320LF240X DSP C语言开发应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[27]姜齐荣.新型静止无功发生器建模及其控制的研究[D].清华大学博士学位论文,1997.
[28]刘文华,卢军锋等.基于SHE-PWM的D-STATCOM的控制器和脉冲发生器的设计[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2002,26(9):1188-1191.
[29]李正国,王华昕等.基于IGBT并采用自校正算法的ASVG装置的研制[J].中南工业大学学报,2002,28(5):538-542.
[30]Schauder C,Mehta H.Vector analysis and control of advanced static var compensators[J].IEEE Trans.on Indus.Applic.,1993,10(1):139-145.
[31]陈国呈(译).电力电子电路[M].北京:科学出版社.2003.
[32]翁学义.非线性预测控制方法的研究[D].浙江大学博士学位论文,1998.
[33]王研,杜军红,陶伟宜等.基于DSP的空间电压法PWM的研究[J].电机与控制学报,2000,30(2):98-105.
[34]吴守箴,臧英杰.电气传动的脉宽调制控制技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社.1995.
[35]窦玉东.基于TMS320F240的矢量控制交流调速系统的研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[36]马国喜.先进静止无功发生器(ASVG)的建模与控制研究[D].中南大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[37]B.Blazic,I.Papic.A new mathematical model and control of D-StatCom for operation under unbalanced conditions[J].Electric Power Systems Research..2004,72(10):279-287.
[38]Taotao Jim,Xiaofan Chen,Keyue M.Smedley.A New One-Cycle Controlled FACTS Element with the Function of DSTATCOM and Active Power Filter[J].IEEE Trans.on Indus.Applic,2000,21(1):440-449.
[39]Tatiana M.L.de Assis,Edson H,Watanable,Luiz Alberto S.Pilotto.A New Technique to Control Reactive Power Oscillations Using STATCOM[J].IEEE Trans.on Engrgy conversion,1999,44(1):402-412.
[40] Soo-Yang Jung,Tae-Hyun Kim,Seung-T Moon. Analysis and Control of DSTATCOM for a Line Voltage Regulation [J]. IEEE Trans.on Indus .Applic ,2002,34(2):220-229.