食品咀嚼过程二维离散元分析软件设计与试验
摘要
目前对食品咀嚼过程的研究多是基于肌电扫描术、荧光照相术、高速摄影、荧光摄像技术、超声扫描图像术、核磁共振图像技术、数字化建模法和有限元法等，这些技术方法只能记录食品咀嚼过程中咀嚼器官的运动信息及口腔咀嚼功能的实现过程，而无法研究咀嚼过程中食品颗粒的变化状态。为进一步研究食品在咀嚼过程中的变化状态，减少食品开发前期的试验周期，本文研究分析固体食品咀嚼过程的二维离散元边界建模和离散元仿真分析方法，并对咀嚼过程进行初步的仿真分析和验证。与有限元法工程分析类似，在采用离散元法研究工程问题时，除了要建立机械边界模型和离散元法的仿真分析软件外，还需要颗粒力学模型。本文主要工作如下：
1.以食品咀嚼过程中咀嚼器官运动特性为基础，对咀嚼系统器官结构、功能与运动规律进行分析，并将食品咀嚼过程中下颚运动简化成单自由度的往复摆动模型；对年龄在20-25岁之间的4位男子和2位女子的头部下颚宽度、咀嚼开口幅值、前额至后枕骨尺寸及下巴至头部尺寸进行统计分析，以统计平均尺寸值作为绘制咀嚼系统二维平面CAD模型的尺寸依据，实现对咀嚼系统二维平面CAD模型简化建模；
2.以二维平面咀嚼简化模型特征参数为参照，以Visual C++6.0为开发平台，采用AutoCAD二次开发技术、Access数据库管理技术、开放式数据源通信技术，设计咀嚼系统二维离散元边界图元数据提取模块，实现咀嚼模型的边界特征图元材料属性和摆动属性的选择、设置、提取、外部链接与保存功能。设计了下颚运动参数设置工具菜单和按钮控件，以对摆动中心坐标值、摆动角速度、下颚张口与闭口临界点坐标值特征参数的获取，完成食品咀嚼系统边界简化模型的二维离散元法建模；
3.针对咀嚼系统边界图元的数据结构和运动特性，依据简化模型运动特性和平面坐标变换公式，推演咀嚼边界运动模型运动控制算法的逻辑结构。采用MFC和ODBC工具，设计咀嚼系统边界图元数据的读写子模块和边界图元控制模块，完成食品咀嚼系统二维离散元法仿真分析模块；
4.利用咀嚼系统离散元建模模块与食品咀嚼系统离散元仿真分析模块，在选择线性粘弹性颗粒连接力学模型为食品颗粒连接模型的条件下，完成食品咀嚼过程离散元仿真分析；采用运动捕捉系统红外线影像记录器捕捉下颚标记点在咀嚼过程中的运动轨迹，将捕捉的运动轨迹与下颚标记点的计算机仿真运动轨迹进行对比，证明了咀嚼系统简化边界模型的合理性。
Nowadays most research for food chewing process is based on the electromyographyscanning technique, fluorescence photography, high-speed photography, fluorescence cameratechnology, ultrasound scan image technique, magnetic resonance imaging technology, digitalmodeling method and minite element method(FEM), however, these technologies and theoriescould recorded motion information of the chewing organ and chewing function of oral cavityduring chewing, and cannot study the state of food in the chewing process. To study the foodstatus in the chewing process, to reduce the cost and cycle of create new food. Thus, use thediscrete element method (DEM) to research changing state of the food chewing process, andfocuses on studying a suitable two-dimensional DEM boundary modeling method ofmasticatory system and analysis software module to the chewing process simulation, andpreliminary simulation analysis and verification of the masticatory system using boundarymodule and simulation analysis module. The major contents are as follows:
1. Based on food chewing organ motion characteristics in the chewing process, build theanalysis of the masticatory system organ structure, function and law of motion, and foodchewing model is simplified into a reciprocating swing model that is single degree of freedom;Through analyze width of mandible,size of from forehead to occipital, size of from jaw tocalvaria which was statistical date of different parts of four adult men and two women's whoage about from twenty to twenty-five, refer to statistical average value as general structure ofthe organs to plot the simplified modeling of two-dimensional CAD model of the masticatorysystem;
2. Characteristic parameters of simplified two-dimensional chewing model as a reference,using the Visual C++6.0development platform, AutoCAD Secondary DevelopmentTechnology, Access database management technology, open-data resource communicationstechnology to design data extraction module that adapt to build two-dimensional DEMboundary of chewing system, to complete set, extract and external links, and preservation offunction for masticatory system boundaries model about material properties motion propertiesand character. The different edit box and button of MFC will response mouse action andkeyboard commands refers dissimilar IDD value, that is using to set coordinate value of thecritical points of jaw characteristic parameters, the center point of reciprocating swing andchewing speed. Build two dimensional DEM the food masticatory system boundaries simplified model;
3. In accordance with boundaries data structure and motion characteristics of themasticatory system, the logical structure of chewing motion control algorithm of the boundarymodel was deduced according to the simplified model sports features and plane coordinatetransformation formulation. MFC and ODBC tools use for design reading and writingsub-module, completed two-dimensional DEM the food chewing system simulation analysismodule;
4. Using the boundary module and simulation analysis module, selected the linearviscoelastic particles mechanical connection model as the food particles model to complete thefood chewing discrete element simulation analysis; using infrared video recorder of VICON tocapture the trajectory of jaw markers in the chewing process, two kinds of trajectory comefrom the capture computer simulation and jaw markers is resemblance that proved therationality of simplified the boundary model of the masticatory system.
1.以食品咀嚼过程中咀嚼器官运动特性为基础，对咀嚼系统器官结构、功能与运动规律进行分析，并将食品咀嚼过程中下颚运动简化成单自由度的往复摆动模型；对年龄在20-25岁之间的4位男子和2位女子的头部下颚宽度、咀嚼开口幅值、前额至后枕骨尺寸及下巴至头部尺寸进行统计分析，以统计平均尺寸值作为绘制咀嚼系统二维平面CAD模型的尺寸依据，实现对咀嚼系统二维平面CAD模型简化建模；
2.以二维平面咀嚼简化模型特征参数为参照，以Visual C++6.0为开发平台，采用AutoCAD二次开发技术、Access数据库管理技术、开放式数据源通信技术，设计咀嚼系统二维离散元边界图元数据提取模块，实现咀嚼模型的边界特征图元材料属性和摆动属性的选择、设置、提取、外部链接与保存功能。设计了下颚运动参数设置工具菜单和按钮控件，以对摆动中心坐标值、摆动角速度、下颚张口与闭口临界点坐标值特征参数的获取，完成食品咀嚼系统边界简化模型的二维离散元法建模；
3.针对咀嚼系统边界图元的数据结构和运动特性，依据简化模型运动特性和平面坐标变换公式，推演咀嚼边界运动模型运动控制算法的逻辑结构。采用MFC和ODBC工具，设计咀嚼系统边界图元数据的读写子模块和边界图元控制模块，完成食品咀嚼系统二维离散元法仿真分析模块；
4.利用咀嚼系统离散元建模模块与食品咀嚼系统离散元仿真分析模块，在选择线性粘弹性颗粒连接力学模型为食品颗粒连接模型的条件下，完成食品咀嚼过程离散元仿真分析；采用运动捕捉系统红外线影像记录器捕捉下颚标记点在咀嚼过程中的运动轨迹，将捕捉的运动轨迹与下颚标记点的计算机仿真运动轨迹进行对比，证明了咀嚼系统简化边界模型的合理性。
Nowadays most research for food chewing process is based on the electromyographyscanning technique, fluorescence photography, high-speed photography, fluorescence cameratechnology, ultrasound scan image technique, magnetic resonance imaging technology, digitalmodeling method and minite element method(FEM), however, these technologies and theoriescould recorded motion information of the chewing organ and chewing function of oral cavityduring chewing, and cannot study the state of food in the chewing process. To study the foodstatus in the chewing process, to reduce the cost and cycle of create new food. Thus, use thediscrete element method (DEM) to research changing state of the food chewing process, andfocuses on studying a suitable two-dimensional DEM boundary modeling method ofmasticatory system and analysis software module to the chewing process simulation, andpreliminary simulation analysis and verification of the masticatory system using boundarymodule and simulation analysis module. The major contents are as follows:
1. Based on food chewing organ motion characteristics in the chewing process, build theanalysis of the masticatory system organ structure, function and law of motion, and foodchewing model is simplified into a reciprocating swing model that is single degree of freedom;Through analyze width of mandible,size of from forehead to occipital, size of from jaw tocalvaria which was statistical date of different parts of four adult men and two women's whoage about from twenty to twenty-five, refer to statistical average value as general structure ofthe organs to plot the simplified modeling of two-dimensional CAD model of the masticatorysystem;
2. Characteristic parameters of simplified two-dimensional chewing model as a reference,using the Visual C++6.0development platform, AutoCAD Secondary DevelopmentTechnology, Access database management technology, open-data resource communicationstechnology to design data extraction module that adapt to build two-dimensional DEMboundary of chewing system, to complete set, extract and external links, and preservation offunction for masticatory system boundaries model about material properties motion propertiesand character. The different edit box and button of MFC will response mouse action andkeyboard commands refers dissimilar IDD value, that is using to set coordinate value of thecritical points of jaw characteristic parameters, the center point of reciprocating swing andchewing speed. Build two dimensional DEM the food masticatory system boundaries simplified model;
3. In accordance with boundaries data structure and motion characteristics of themasticatory system, the logical structure of chewing motion control algorithm of the boundarymodel was deduced according to the simplified model sports features and plane coordinatetransformation formulation. MFC and ODBC tools use for design reading and writingsub-module, completed two-dimensional DEM the food chewing system simulation analysismodule;
4. Using the boundary module and simulation analysis module, selected the linearviscoelastic particles mechanical connection model as the food particles model to complete thefood chewing discrete element simulation analysis; using infrared video recorder of VICON tocapture the trajectory of jaw markers in the chewing process, two kinds of trajectory comefrom the capture computer simulation and jaw markers is resemblance that proved therationality of simplified the boundary model of the masticatory system.
引文
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