基于VR的虚拟矿山系统研究
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摘要
随着信息技术的不断发展,数字矿山建设已成为矿山信息化建设的重中之重,引起越来越多的矿山科技工作者的重视。虚拟矿山系统为数字矿山建设提供一个虚拟平台,对推动采矿企业的技术发展与创新,建立科学、合理、高效、低污染、安全的矿业生产新局面有重大意义。虚拟现实技术是构建数字矿山的关键技术之一,以计算机技术为核心,生成逼真的虚拟环境,用户借助必要的设备以自然的方式与虚拟环境中的对象进行交互作用、相互影响,从而产生“沉浸”于等同真实环境的感受和体验。
本文以矿山的三维虚拟数字化为研究对象,综合运用计算机图形、实时动画和视景仿真、人工智能、系统集成、传感器等先进技术和手段,开发出一个桌面型的虚拟现实系统,成功实现了虚拟矿山环境仿真。
研究分析了虚拟现实技术及面向虚拟现实的建模技术,结合矿山的三维虚拟数字化系统的特征和要求,运用基于几何的虚拟现实建模技术,构建了一个优化和逼真的矿山三维环境,提出了基于Multigen Creator的复杂虚拟场景建模方法,实现场景的集成调度和优化。在分析基于Multigen Vega的三维场景渲染技术的基础上,运用VC++开发系统应用程序,建立了大规模复杂场景、具有较高实时性和交互性的矿山桌面型虚拟现实系统,实现了系统的场景显示与实时漫游、模型驱动与实时控制。
With the development of information technology, Digital Mine construction which is attracting more and more attention has been the importance of information construction of mine. Visual mining system provides a visual platform for Digital Mine construction, which is good for promoting the technology development and innovation of mining enterprises, establishing the scientific reasonable high efficiency poorly contamination and safety new situation of mining enterprises. Virtual Reality (VR) technology is one of the key technologies of constructing digital mining. Virtual reality technology is designing a lifelike virtual environment based on the computer technology, which can access interaction between the user and the environment by use of the essential device.
The paper based on 3D virtual digitization as research object, using the advanced technology method such as computer graph, real-time cartoon, virtual scene emulation, artificial intelligent, system integration, sensor, and so on, developing one desktop virtual reality system and realizing environmental emulation of virtual mining.
On the basis of the theory study of VR modeling and the characteristic of system, the paper choose geometry-based modeling and rendering scheme to create the digital mining with the outstanding 3D modeling, using the software of Multigen and Vega in the field of visual scene simulation. The paper put up the realization of the integration attempter and optimization is based on the complicated virtual sheme modeling of Multigen Creator. Analyzing the 3D scene romance technology of Multigen Vega, using VC++ developing system, construct the mining VR system of high scene complexity, real-time and interaction. The system can display scene, walk through, drive the motion model and display the special effect, and so on.
本文以矿山的三维虚拟数字化为研究对象,综合运用计算机图形、实时动画和视景仿真、人工智能、系统集成、传感器等先进技术和手段,开发出一个桌面型的虚拟现实系统,成功实现了虚拟矿山环境仿真。
研究分析了虚拟现实技术及面向虚拟现实的建模技术,结合矿山的三维虚拟数字化系统的特征和要求,运用基于几何的虚拟现实建模技术,构建了一个优化和逼真的矿山三维环境,提出了基于Multigen Creator的复杂虚拟场景建模方法,实现场景的集成调度和优化。在分析基于Multigen Vega的三维场景渲染技术的基础上,运用VC++开发系统应用程序,建立了大规模复杂场景、具有较高实时性和交互性的矿山桌面型虚拟现实系统,实现了系统的场景显示与实时漫游、模型驱动与实时控制。
With the development of information technology, Digital Mine construction which is attracting more and more attention has been the importance of information construction of mine. Visual mining system provides a visual platform for Digital Mine construction, which is good for promoting the technology development and innovation of mining enterprises, establishing the scientific reasonable high efficiency poorly contamination and safety new situation of mining enterprises. Virtual Reality (VR) technology is one of the key technologies of constructing digital mining. Virtual reality technology is designing a lifelike virtual environment based on the computer technology, which can access interaction between the user and the environment by use of the essential device.
The paper based on 3D virtual digitization as research object, using the advanced technology method such as computer graph, real-time cartoon, virtual scene emulation, artificial intelligent, system integration, sensor, and so on, developing one desktop virtual reality system and realizing environmental emulation of virtual mining.
On the basis of the theory study of VR modeling and the characteristic of system, the paper choose geometry-based modeling and rendering scheme to create the digital mining with the outstanding 3D modeling, using the software of Multigen and Vega in the field of visual scene simulation. The paper put up the realization of the integration attempter and optimization is based on the complicated virtual sheme modeling of Multigen Creator. Analyzing the 3D scene romance technology of Multigen Vega, using VC++ developing system, construct the mining VR system of high scene complexity, real-time and interaction. The system can display scene, walk through, drive the motion model and display the special effect, and so on.
引文
[1]第三届(2008年)铁矿石市场形势与策略研讨会.中国冶金矿山企业协会网,2008,2
[2]吴立新,殷作如,邓智毅.论21世纪的矿山—数字矿山[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(4):337—342
[3]吴立新.数字地球、数字中国与数字矿区[J].矿山测量,2000,3(1):6-9
[4]朱训.世纪之交的中国矿业[J].第六届全国采矿学术会议论文集,中国矿业专集,1999:3-6
[5]曹代勇,余志伟,赵扬.数字矿山及其关键技术探讨[J].铜业工程,2005,(1):10-12
[6]庄玲.数字矿山可视化技术的研究与实现[C].山东科技大学,2003
[7]M.Kelly. Developing coal mining technology for the 21 century[J]. Proc,Mining Sci.&Tech,Netherlands,Balkema,1999:3-7
[8]B.Denby,D.Schofield.Advanced computer techniques:Development for the minerals industry towards the new millennium[J].Proc.Mining Sci.&Tech,Netherlands:Balkema,1999:635-644
[9]S.A.Shuey. Mining technology for the 21 century: Inco digs deep in Sudbury [J]. China,1999,(2):7-11
[10]Wu LX, Liu CB, et al. The research Chad development of networked Mining Core-Gis. Proc 2nd int Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional Gis[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1999:359—364
[11]Wu LX, Yang KM, et al. Information Classification & Management for MGIS and Digital Mine[M].Towards Digital Earth:Proc of 1st int Sym on DE[M].Beijing: Science Press,1999:999—1004
[12]胡金星,吴立新,杨可明等.三维地学模拟体视化技术应用研究[J].煤炭学报,1999,24(4):345--348
[13]童伟.坚持走信息化道路,建设数字矿山-首钢矿业公司[J].中国制造业信息化门户,2008,1
[14]肖海军.梅山铁矿采矿管理信息系统建设—数字矿山建设初探[C].沈阳东北大学,2003
[15]姜学智,李忠华.国内外虚拟现实技术的研究现状[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2004,4:42-45
[16]陈健,孙兰凤,陆达.虚拟现实技术的现状与展望[J].天津纺织工学院学报,1998,17(2):91-96
[17]李瑞斌.矿井开采VR系统的研究与开发[C].西安科技大学,2007
[18]Czernuszenko,Pape,et.al.The Immerse Desk and Infinity Wall Projection—Based Virtual Reality Displays[J].Computer Graphics,1997,20(3):155—175
[19]Rachid Manseur. Virtual Reality in Science and Engineering Education [J]. Frontiers in Education,IEEE,2005,19(22):8—13
[20]J.Sanchez.,F.Morilla, S.Dormido.Virtual and Remote Control Labs UsingJava: a Qualitative Approach[J].Control systems MagaZine,IEEE,2002,22(2): 8—20
[21]殷润民,李伯虎.虚拟现实中的基于图像绘制技术综述[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(19):4353—4362
[22]杨树莲,崔秀敏.虚拟现实技术及其在煤矿中的应用[J].世界煤炭,2002,9(9):60—61
[23]赵建忠.虚拟现实技术及其在矿井中的应用[C].太原理工大学,2003,5
[24]吴启迪.系统仿真与虚拟现实[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002
[25]Vega LynX User’s Guide(Version 3.6)[M].Multigen-Paradigm,Inc.2001
[26]Creating Models for simulations (Version 2.4)[M]. Multigen-Paradigm,Inc.2000
[27]申闰春,才庆祥等.虚拟现实技术在露天矿生态重建仿真中的应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,1(1):1—4
[28]苌道方,韩可琦等.虚拟现实技术在综采工作面仿真中的应用[J].矿业研究与开发,2004,24(1):41—46
[29]华臻,范辉等.基于虚拟现实的矿井通风系统可控可视化研究[J].金属矿山2003,7(l):53—56
[30]王宝山,冯永玉等.基于OpenGL的三维煤矿虚拟现实系统的实现[J].金属矿山2005,(1):61—63
[31]吴家铸,党岗,刘华峰.视景仿真技术及应用[M].西安电子科技大学出版社,2001
[32]Ederick Wieland, AlexSzabo , Naval Rsearch Labortory. Jone Haynes[J]. Object-Oriented Design of a Scene Generation Simulation. Proceedings of the 1994 Computer Simulation Conferece,1995,174—180
[33] Vega LynX User's Guide (Version 3.3)[M].Paradigm Simulation, INC, June 1998
[34]石教英.虚拟现实基础及实用算法[M].北京:科学出版社,2002
[35]Helsel, S. K. Virtual Reality Symposium[J], IEEE. IEEE Computer Society Press. 1993
[36]舒帆.利用虚拟现实技术实现集装箱堆场的可视化[C].上海海事大学.2003
[37]Wang Weichen, Jiang Xiaohong. Optimizing Real-Time Performance of 3D Virtual Mining Environment with Multigen Creator[J].CADDM.2004.14(1):61—69
[38]Gruber M. Managing Large 3D Urban Databases[J]. In: Dieter Fritsch and Rudi Spiller.47th Photogram metric Week. Germany: Wichmann Verlag, 1999, 341—349
[39]洪光,李洪儒,牟建国.基于Creator 的三维模型的简化[J].计算机仿真.2004,21(1): 57—58
[40]杨克检等.虚拟现实中的建模方法[J].武汉工业大学学报.2001,23(6):47—50
[41]罗杰.面向建筑的虚拟漫游系统与实现[D].大庆石油学院,2002
[42]杨克俭,刘舒葱,陈定方.虚拟现实与城市规划[J].系统仿真学报,2000,12(3): 207—208
[43]刘玉庆.模块化仿真建模技术及其应用[D].99年全国仿真技术会议论文集,1999
[44]徐丹,潘志庚,石教英.拟现实中基于图像的绘制技术[J].中国图像图形学报,1998,13(72):136—138
[45]李自力.虚拟现实中基于图形与图像的混合建模技术[J].中国图像图形学报,2001,6 (1):96—100
[46]解凯,郭恒业,张田文.基于图像建模技术的综述[J].系统仿真学报,2001, 13(增刊):36—38
[47]舒娱琴,唐丽玉,彭国均.采用Creator 生成三维地形[J].测绘信息与工程,2003,28 (5):9—11
[48]Marcus D.Waller.Martin White.MIP-Map Level Selection for Texture Mapping [J].IEEE International Conference on Computer,1998,4(4):40—44
[49]Helsel, S. K. Virtual Reality Symposium[J]. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1993,5(4):52—55
[50]龚卓荣.Vega程序设计[M].国防工业出版社,2002,6
[2]吴立新,殷作如,邓智毅.论21世纪的矿山—数字矿山[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(4):337—342
[3]吴立新.数字地球、数字中国与数字矿区[J].矿山测量,2000,3(1):6-9
[4]朱训.世纪之交的中国矿业[J].第六届全国采矿学术会议论文集,中国矿业专集,1999:3-6
[5]曹代勇,余志伟,赵扬.数字矿山及其关键技术探讨[J].铜业工程,2005,(1):10-12
[6]庄玲.数字矿山可视化技术的研究与实现[C].山东科技大学,2003
[7]M.Kelly. Developing coal mining technology for the 21 century[J]. Proc,Mining Sci.&Tech,Netherlands,Balkema,1999:3-7
[8]B.Denby,D.Schofield.Advanced computer techniques:Development for the minerals industry towards the new millennium[J].Proc.Mining Sci.&Tech,Netherlands:Balkema,1999:635-644
[9]S.A.Shuey. Mining technology for the 21 century: Inco digs deep in Sudbury [J]. China,1999,(2):7-11
[10]Wu LX, Liu CB, et al. The research Chad development of networked Mining Core-Gis. Proc 2nd int Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional Gis[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1999:359—364
[11]Wu LX, Yang KM, et al. Information Classification & Management for MGIS and Digital Mine[M].Towards Digital Earth:Proc of 1st int Sym on DE[M].Beijing: Science Press,1999:999—1004
[12]胡金星,吴立新,杨可明等.三维地学模拟体视化技术应用研究[J].煤炭学报,1999,24(4):345--348
[13]童伟.坚持走信息化道路,建设数字矿山-首钢矿业公司[J].中国制造业信息化门户,2008,1
[14]肖海军.梅山铁矿采矿管理信息系统建设—数字矿山建设初探[C].沈阳东北大学,2003
[15]姜学智,李忠华.国内外虚拟现实技术的研究现状[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2004,4:42-45
[16]陈健,孙兰凤,陆达.虚拟现实技术的现状与展望[J].天津纺织工学院学报,1998,17(2):91-96
[17]李瑞斌.矿井开采VR系统的研究与开发[C].西安科技大学,2007
[18]Czernuszenko,Pape,et.al.The Immerse Desk and Infinity Wall Projection—Based Virtual Reality Displays[J].Computer Graphics,1997,20(3):155—175
[19]Rachid Manseur. Virtual Reality in Science and Engineering Education [J]. Frontiers in Education,IEEE,2005,19(22):8—13
[20]J.Sanchez.,F.Morilla, S.Dormido.Virtual and Remote Control Labs UsingJava: a Qualitative Approach[J].Control systems MagaZine,IEEE,2002,22(2): 8—20
[21]殷润民,李伯虎.虚拟现实中的基于图像绘制技术综述[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(19):4353—4362
[22]杨树莲,崔秀敏.虚拟现实技术及其在煤矿中的应用[J].世界煤炭,2002,9(9):60—61
[23]赵建忠.虚拟现实技术及其在矿井中的应用[C].太原理工大学,2003,5
[24]吴启迪.系统仿真与虚拟现实[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002
[25]Vega LynX User’s Guide(Version 3.6)[M].Multigen-Paradigm,Inc.2001
[26]Creating Models for simulations (Version 2.4)[M]. Multigen-Paradigm,Inc.2000
[27]申闰春,才庆祥等.虚拟现实技术在露天矿生态重建仿真中的应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,1(1):1—4
[28]苌道方,韩可琦等.虚拟现实技术在综采工作面仿真中的应用[J].矿业研究与开发,2004,24(1):41—46
[29]华臻,范辉等.基于虚拟现实的矿井通风系统可控可视化研究[J].金属矿山2003,7(l):53—56
[30]王宝山,冯永玉等.基于OpenGL的三维煤矿虚拟现实系统的实现[J].金属矿山2005,(1):61—63
[31]吴家铸,党岗,刘华峰.视景仿真技术及应用[M].西安电子科技大学出版社,2001
[32]Ederick Wieland, AlexSzabo , Naval Rsearch Labortory. Jone Haynes[J]. Object-Oriented Design of a Scene Generation Simulation. Proceedings of the 1994 Computer Simulation Conferece,1995,174—180
[33] Vega LynX User's Guide (Version 3.3)[M].Paradigm Simulation, INC, June 1998
[34]石教英.虚拟现实基础及实用算法[M].北京:科学出版社,2002
[35]Helsel, S. K. Virtual Reality Symposium[J], IEEE. IEEE Computer Society Press. 1993
[36]舒帆.利用虚拟现实技术实现集装箱堆场的可视化[C].上海海事大学.2003
[37]Wang Weichen, Jiang Xiaohong. Optimizing Real-Time Performance of 3D Virtual Mining Environment with Multigen Creator[J].CADDM.2004.14(1):61—69
[38]Gruber M. Managing Large 3D Urban Databases[J]. In: Dieter Fritsch and Rudi Spiller.47th Photogram metric Week. Germany: Wichmann Verlag, 1999, 341—349
[39]洪光,李洪儒,牟建国.基于Creator 的三维模型的简化[J].计算机仿真.2004,21(1): 57—58
[40]杨克检等.虚拟现实中的建模方法[J].武汉工业大学学报.2001,23(6):47—50
[41]罗杰.面向建筑的虚拟漫游系统与实现[D].大庆石油学院,2002
[42]杨克俭,刘舒葱,陈定方.虚拟现实与城市规划[J].系统仿真学报,2000,12(3): 207—208
[43]刘玉庆.模块化仿真建模技术及其应用[D].99年全国仿真技术会议论文集,1999
[44]徐丹,潘志庚,石教英.拟现实中基于图像的绘制技术[J].中国图像图形学报,1998,13(72):136—138
[45]李自力.虚拟现实中基于图形与图像的混合建模技术[J].中国图像图形学报,2001,6 (1):96—100
[46]解凯,郭恒业,张田文.基于图像建模技术的综述[J].系统仿真学报,2001, 13(增刊):36—38
[47]舒娱琴,唐丽玉,彭国均.采用Creator 生成三维地形[J].测绘信息与工程,2003,28 (5):9—11
[48]Marcus D.Waller.Martin White.MIP-Map Level Selection for Texture Mapping [J].IEEE International Conference on Computer,1998,4(4):40—44
[49]Helsel, S. K. Virtual Reality Symposium[J]. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1993,5(4):52—55
[50]龚卓荣.Vega程序设计[M].国防工业出版社,2002,6