钢结构住宅节能复合墙板的振动特性研究与风振分析
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摘要
作为钢结构住宅新型的围护体系,与普通的墙体材料相比,复合墙板具有承载力高、保温隔音效果好等优点。目前,对于复合墙板的研究主要集中于抗弯承载力方面,而在振动方面的研究还很欠缺。复合墙板的振动特性关系到隔音、抗风、抗震等多个方面的性能,对于墙板的研发、生产和应用都具有重要意义。同时,高层建筑墙板主要荷载为风荷载,国内外对于墙板受静风作用方面的研究已经比较成熟,但对于墙板受脉动风作用的研究较为欠缺。针对上述情况,本文对节能复合墙板的振动特性进行了系统的理论和试验研究,并对复合墙板在风振下的响应做了计算与分析。
为了将相对成熟的均质单板振动理论应用于复合墙板,本文提出了复合墙板的等效理论,通过刚度和弹性模量的等效计算,将复合墙板等效为一定厚度的均质单板。为复合墙板在抗弯和振动性能方面的进一步研究提供了理论基础。
通过等效单板与不同连接强度的复合墙板振动特性计算结果的比较,得到复合墙板墙板等效理论与墙板整体性的关系。同时得出本文等效理论适用范围,即用于变形协调性较好的复合墙板的振动特性计算,以及用于判别普通复合墙板整体性和变形协调性的比对研究。
经大量的有限元参数计算,分析了影响节能复合墙板振动特性的因素,包括斜向钢丝的布置方式、斜向钢丝的直径、行距、混凝土的强度等级、混凝土面板的厚度等。
为验证有本文限元模型计算的精确度,同时为了给复合墙板的研发提供第一手的数据资料,本文制作了2块足尺节能复合墙板,对其振动特性做了试验研究。得到了复合墙板的振型、固有频率和阻尼比等试验结果。通过对比分析两墙板试验结果的差异,分析斜向钢丝对墙板振动特性的影响。同时,通过试验结果与ANSYS计算结果的比对,验证了本文ANSYS模型精确度与可靠性。
将虚拟激励法应用于风振计算,进行了脉动风载荷作用下等效墙板的随机振动响应谱分析,得出墙板部分节点在风载荷作用下的节点响应功率谱,分析了墙板不同部位对与风振的敏感性,以及参与计算的振型数量对墙板响应计算的影响程度。同时,计算发现节能复合墙板在风振作用下响应在允许范围之内的,一般状态下风振不会影响墙板的安全和正常使用。
In order to implement the national energy-saving environmental protection policies, as well as to respond to the call of building a low carbon society, energy-saving of buildings gradually becomes a hot topic. In this context, sandwich composite panels for steel residential house came into being and developed quickly. As a new kind of exterior cladding for steel residential house, sandwich composite panels hold high bearing capacity and good thermal insulation effect, compared with the traditional wall materials.
At present, the research on sandwich composite panels is mainly focused on flexural capacity, but rather on the vibration. The vibration characteristic of sandwich composite panels is related to the noise, wind, earthquake and other aspects of performance, so it is greatly meaningful to the wall's research, production and application. Meanwhile, the main load for the panels in high-rise buildings is wind load, researches of sandwich composite panels suffered from static wind load, in other words, the bending capacity, is relatively mature both at home and abroad, but it is not the case for effect of fluctuating wind. According to the above problem, vibration characteristics of the energy-saving sandwich composite panels are studied both theoretically and experimentally, and calculation and analysis of wind-induced vibration response are conducted for the sandwich composite panels.
In order to apply the vibration theory of homogeneous single plate to sandwich composite panels, in the present paper, the equivalent theory for sandwich composite panel is put forward; the sandwich composite panel is simplified into a homogeneous single plate, by the equivalent calculation of stiffness and elastic modulus. This supplies a theoretical foundation for further research of the sandwich composite panels in the bending and vibration performance.
In this paper, comparisons on vibration characteristics are made between the equivalent single plate and sandwich composite panels with different joint strength, a relationship between the equivalent theory and panel's integrity. Meanwhile, the applying scope of the equivalent theory is also obtained, that is applicable for vibration calculation of sandwich composite panels with good deformation concordance, and used to distinguish the integrity and deformation of the comparison study.
This paper conducted a large number of parameters calculation by the finite element method and analysis of the impact factors of energy-saving sandwich composite panels, including the diagonal layout of the wire, diagonal wire diameter, spacing, concrete strength grade, the thickness of concrete slab.
In order to verify the reliability and accuracy of the finite element model, and to provide first-hand data for the research of sandwich composite panels, two full-scale energy-saving sandwich composite panels were made, its vibration characteristics is studied. Mode, natural frequency and damping ratio of test results are obtained. By comparing the results of two panels, analysis of diagonal wire on the wall vibration characteristics is made. Meanwhile, test results and the ANSYS results are compared to validate the accuracy and applicability of the ANSYS model for different panels.
The efficiency of pseudo excitation method in random vibration calculation is verified in the paper, compared with the traditional algorithm, the pseudo excitation method is rapid, precise and efficient. The pseudo excitation method is used in wind vibration calculation, the random vibration response spectrum analysis of equivalent panel under fluctuating wind loads is carried out, partial nodes on the panel under node response power spectrum of wind load is obtained, sensitive analysis of different sites of the panel under wind vibration is conducted, and the number of models that take part in the calculation on the panel influence response. Moreover, energy-saving sandwich composite panel under the action of the wind-induced vibration response in the permitted range, the conclusion that a general state of wind-induced vibration will not affect the safe and proper use of the wall is summarized, which is meaningful to the further promotion of energy-saving panel.
为了将相对成熟的均质单板振动理论应用于复合墙板,本文提出了复合墙板的等效理论,通过刚度和弹性模量的等效计算,将复合墙板等效为一定厚度的均质单板。为复合墙板在抗弯和振动性能方面的进一步研究提供了理论基础。
通过等效单板与不同连接强度的复合墙板振动特性计算结果的比较,得到复合墙板墙板等效理论与墙板整体性的关系。同时得出本文等效理论适用范围,即用于变形协调性较好的复合墙板的振动特性计算,以及用于判别普通复合墙板整体性和变形协调性的比对研究。
经大量的有限元参数计算,分析了影响节能复合墙板振动特性的因素,包括斜向钢丝的布置方式、斜向钢丝的直径、行距、混凝土的强度等级、混凝土面板的厚度等。
为验证有本文限元模型计算的精确度,同时为了给复合墙板的研发提供第一手的数据资料,本文制作了2块足尺节能复合墙板,对其振动特性做了试验研究。得到了复合墙板的振型、固有频率和阻尼比等试验结果。通过对比分析两墙板试验结果的差异,分析斜向钢丝对墙板振动特性的影响。同时,通过试验结果与ANSYS计算结果的比对,验证了本文ANSYS模型精确度与可靠性。
将虚拟激励法应用于风振计算,进行了脉动风载荷作用下等效墙板的随机振动响应谱分析,得出墙板部分节点在风载荷作用下的节点响应功率谱,分析了墙板不同部位对与风振的敏感性,以及参与计算的振型数量对墙板响应计算的影响程度。同时,计算发现节能复合墙板在风振作用下响应在允许范围之内的,一般状态下风振不会影响墙板的安全和正常使用。
In order to implement the national energy-saving environmental protection policies, as well as to respond to the call of building a low carbon society, energy-saving of buildings gradually becomes a hot topic. In this context, sandwich composite panels for steel residential house came into being and developed quickly. As a new kind of exterior cladding for steel residential house, sandwich composite panels hold high bearing capacity and good thermal insulation effect, compared with the traditional wall materials.
At present, the research on sandwich composite panels is mainly focused on flexural capacity, but rather on the vibration. The vibration characteristic of sandwich composite panels is related to the noise, wind, earthquake and other aspects of performance, so it is greatly meaningful to the wall's research, production and application. Meanwhile, the main load for the panels in high-rise buildings is wind load, researches of sandwich composite panels suffered from static wind load, in other words, the bending capacity, is relatively mature both at home and abroad, but it is not the case for effect of fluctuating wind. According to the above problem, vibration characteristics of the energy-saving sandwich composite panels are studied both theoretically and experimentally, and calculation and analysis of wind-induced vibration response are conducted for the sandwich composite panels.
In order to apply the vibration theory of homogeneous single plate to sandwich composite panels, in the present paper, the equivalent theory for sandwich composite panel is put forward; the sandwich composite panel is simplified into a homogeneous single plate, by the equivalent calculation of stiffness and elastic modulus. This supplies a theoretical foundation for further research of the sandwich composite panels in the bending and vibration performance.
In this paper, comparisons on vibration characteristics are made between the equivalent single plate and sandwich composite panels with different joint strength, a relationship between the equivalent theory and panel's integrity. Meanwhile, the applying scope of the equivalent theory is also obtained, that is applicable for vibration calculation of sandwich composite panels with good deformation concordance, and used to distinguish the integrity and deformation of the comparison study.
This paper conducted a large number of parameters calculation by the finite element method and analysis of the impact factors of energy-saving sandwich composite panels, including the diagonal layout of the wire, diagonal wire diameter, spacing, concrete strength grade, the thickness of concrete slab.
In order to verify the reliability and accuracy of the finite element model, and to provide first-hand data for the research of sandwich composite panels, two full-scale energy-saving sandwich composite panels were made, its vibration characteristics is studied. Mode, natural frequency and damping ratio of test results are obtained. By comparing the results of two panels, analysis of diagonal wire on the wall vibration characteristics is made. Meanwhile, test results and the ANSYS results are compared to validate the accuracy and applicability of the ANSYS model for different panels.
The efficiency of pseudo excitation method in random vibration calculation is verified in the paper, compared with the traditional algorithm, the pseudo excitation method is rapid, precise and efficient. The pseudo excitation method is used in wind vibration calculation, the random vibration response spectrum analysis of equivalent panel under fluctuating wind loads is carried out, partial nodes on the panel under node response power spectrum of wind load is obtained, sensitive analysis of different sites of the panel under wind vibration is conducted, and the number of models that take part in the calculation on the panel influence response. Moreover, energy-saving sandwich composite panel under the action of the wind-induced vibration response in the permitted range, the conclusion that a general state of wind-induced vibration will not affect the safe and proper use of the wall is summarized, which is meaningful to the further promotion of energy-saving panel.
引文
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