薄膜包装冷藏对柿成熟软化的影响
|
摘要
本文以富平‘尖柿’为试验材料，于低温条件下分别采用有孔和无孔的聚乙烯袋进
行包装，以研究薄膜包装的保湿和限气作用对于柿采后软化的控制，以及该方法对柿后
熟衰老过程中呼吸速率、乙烯生成、细胞膜透性、硬度、细胞壁结构物质降解、相关水
解酶活性等生理变化以及可溶性总糖、单宁、Vc 等品质因子的影响。探讨了不同形式
的薄膜包装对果实软化的控制作用，以期为薄膜包装在柿贮藏保鲜上的应用提供一定的
理论依据。
研究结果表明：普通冷藏条件下，未包装的尖柿极易失水萎蔫，导致果实皱缩、失
去光泽、丧失商品性和食用价值，失水萎蔫也同果实的呼吸速率增强、乙烯大量合成及
果肉的迅速软化有着较密切的关系。有孔的 PE 膜包装(总通气面积为 0.15%，孔经 0.7cm)
无限气作用，却有良好的保湿性，通过抑制柿的蒸腾失水，减少了乙烯释放量及呼吸速
率的提高，在一定程度上抑制了 PG 和 Cx 活性，延缓了果胶及纤维素的降解，能较好
地保持尖柿的硬度，使柿的保硬期较普通冷藏延长了 12 天；无孔的 PE 膜包装具有较高
的保湿性能和限气作用，既能显著地抑制柿的蒸腾失水，也可形成高 CO2、低 O2 的气
体水平，迅速抑制呼吸速率及乙烯的生成，将呼吸峰和乙烯峰的到来时间推迟了 36 天，
在整个贮藏期间柿的硬度较高，PG、Cx 活性较低，对于抑制果肉软化具有极其显著的
作用，该包装形式延缓了柿的转色，并能保持较高的糖、Vc 和可溶性丹宁含量，使柿
的保硬期较普通冷藏延长了 24 天，较保湿冷藏延长了 12 天。
In this paper, ‘Jianshi’ persimmon was stored at cold temperature with packaging in
perforated and sealed polyethylene bags respectively. The control of holding humidity and
modified atmosphere packaging on softening and the effect of these methods on respiratory
rate、ethylene production、relative membrane permeability、flesh firmness、cell wall
components、activities of cell wall hydrolase and some qualitative index such as total soluble
sugar、soluble tannin and Vc were investigated during post harvest life of persimmon fruits.
The function of different type packaging on fruits firmness was discussed. Theoretical support
was hoped to be utilize for film packaging on the storage of persimmon fruits.
The results were followed: ‘Jianshi’ persimmon without packaging in common cold
storage was easy to loss water, leading to wrinkling、losing gloss、missing edible qualities.
There were close relations between water loss and some physiological change such as
ethylene production、respiratory rate or softening. Holding humidity of perforated PE film
( 0.15% of total surface area, 0.7cm diameter) had no modified atmosphere function, but
could maintain high humidity. Holding humidity packaging could reduce transpiration and
ethylene production by limited weight loss obviously, and could control the activity of PG、Cx
and decomposition of pectin and cellulose. The treatment of packaging with perforated PE
prolonged 12 days of storage time compared to control. Sealed PE packaging has the best
ability for holding humidity and excellent action for modified atmosphere. Water loss was
prevented obviously and air condition was changed by lowering O2 and hoisting CO2.
Packaging with sealed PE film could inhibit ethylene production and respiration rapidly, and
could retard commence of peaks of ethylene and respiration for 36 days. In total time, the
fruits with sealed PE packaging has the highest firmness and lowest activity of PG、Cx, most
notable action for inhibiting softening. Sealed PE packaging could retard color change and
maintain higher contents of total soluble sugar、tannin and Vc, the storage time was longer
than holding humidity for 12 days, and 24 days in common cold storage(without packaging).
行包装，以研究薄膜包装的保湿和限气作用对于柿采后软化的控制，以及该方法对柿后
熟衰老过程中呼吸速率、乙烯生成、细胞膜透性、硬度、细胞壁结构物质降解、相关水
解酶活性等生理变化以及可溶性总糖、单宁、Vc 等品质因子的影响。探讨了不同形式
的薄膜包装对果实软化的控制作用，以期为薄膜包装在柿贮藏保鲜上的应用提供一定的
理论依据。
研究结果表明：普通冷藏条件下，未包装的尖柿极易失水萎蔫，导致果实皱缩、失
去光泽、丧失商品性和食用价值，失水萎蔫也同果实的呼吸速率增强、乙烯大量合成及
果肉的迅速软化有着较密切的关系。有孔的 PE 膜包装(总通气面积为 0.15%，孔经 0.7cm)
无限气作用，却有良好的保湿性，通过抑制柿的蒸腾失水，减少了乙烯释放量及呼吸速
率的提高，在一定程度上抑制了 PG 和 Cx 活性，延缓了果胶及纤维素的降解，能较好
地保持尖柿的硬度，使柿的保硬期较普通冷藏延长了 12 天；无孔的 PE 膜包装具有较高
的保湿性能和限气作用，既能显著地抑制柿的蒸腾失水，也可形成高 CO2、低 O2 的气
体水平，迅速抑制呼吸速率及乙烯的生成，将呼吸峰和乙烯峰的到来时间推迟了 36 天，
在整个贮藏期间柿的硬度较高，PG、Cx 活性较低，对于抑制果肉软化具有极其显著的
作用，该包装形式延缓了柿的转色，并能保持较高的糖、Vc 和可溶性丹宁含量，使柿
的保硬期较普通冷藏延长了 24 天，较保湿冷藏延长了 12 天。
In this paper, ‘Jianshi’ persimmon was stored at cold temperature with packaging in
perforated and sealed polyethylene bags respectively. The control of holding humidity and
modified atmosphere packaging on softening and the effect of these methods on respiratory
rate、ethylene production、relative membrane permeability、flesh firmness、cell wall
components、activities of cell wall hydrolase and some qualitative index such as total soluble
sugar、soluble tannin and Vc were investigated during post harvest life of persimmon fruits.
The function of different type packaging on fruits firmness was discussed. Theoretical support
was hoped to be utilize for film packaging on the storage of persimmon fruits.
The results were followed: ‘Jianshi’ persimmon without packaging in common cold
storage was easy to loss water, leading to wrinkling、losing gloss、missing edible qualities.
There were close relations between water loss and some physiological change such as
ethylene production、respiratory rate or softening. Holding humidity of perforated PE film
( 0.15% of total surface area, 0.7cm diameter) had no modified atmosphere function, but
could maintain high humidity. Holding humidity packaging could reduce transpiration and
ethylene production by limited weight loss obviously, and could control the activity of PG、Cx
and decomposition of pectin and cellulose. The treatment of packaging with perforated PE
prolonged 12 days of storage time compared to control. Sealed PE packaging has the best
ability for holding humidity and excellent action for modified atmosphere. Water loss was
prevented obviously and air condition was changed by lowering O2 and hoisting CO2.
Packaging with sealed PE film could inhibit ethylene production and respiration rapidly, and
could retard commence of peaks of ethylene and respiration for 36 days. In total time, the
fruits with sealed PE packaging has the highest firmness and lowest activity of PG、Cx, most
notable action for inhibiting softening. Sealed PE packaging could retard color change and
maintain higher contents of total soluble sugar、tannin and Vc, the storage time was longer
than holding humidity for 12 days, and 24 days in common cold storage(without packaging).
引文
[1] 杨德兴. 猕猴桃衰老过程中 PG、果胶质和细胞壁超微结构的变化[J].园艺学报，1993，20 (4)：341
－345
[2] 饶景萍，任小林主编. 园艺产品贮运学[M]. 陕西人民出版社，2003
[3] 田建文，贺普超，许明宪. 火柿后熟中各理化指标间的关系研究[J].园艺学报，1994，21 (1)：41
－46
[4] 夏春森，王兰英. ‘红星’苹果在贮藏中果肉发绵生理过程的研究[J].园艺学报，1991，8 (2)：
29－36
[5] 周培根，罗祖友，吴邦良. 桃成熟期间果实软化与果胶及有关酶的关系[J].南京农业大学学报，
1991，14 (2)：33－37
[6] 彭丽桃，饶景萍，杨书珍等. 油桃后熟衰老期间几个生理指标的变化[J]. 西北农业学报，2001，
10(4)：37－40
[7] 朱东兴，饶景萍，任小林等.柿果实 1-甲基环丙烯处理对成熟软化的影响.[J].园艺学报，2004，
31(1)：87－89
[8] 林河通，席焜芳，陈绍军. 黄花梨果实采后软化生理基础[J].中国农业科学，2003，36 (3)：349
－352
[9] 罗自生. MA 贮藏对桑果细胞壁组分和水解酶活性的影响[J].果树学报，2003，20 (3)：214－217
[10] 饶景萍，任小林. 果实成熟过程中组织超微结构变化[J]. 西北植物学报，1997，17(1)：128－134
[11] 李明启. 果实生理[M]. 北京科学出版社，1989
[12] 李雄彪. 植物细胞壁酶的分子结构与生理功能[J].植物生理学通讯，1991，27(4)：246－252
[13] 申曙光. 红富士苹果果实发育期间生理生化变化的研究[J].园艺学报，1991，18 (1)：1－3
[14] 卢春彬，刘存德，梁厚果. PG 在番茄成熟中的作用及二价金属离子与乙烯对 PG 活性的影响[J].
植物学报，1990，32 (5)：337－342
[15] 陆春贵，徐鹤林，周立新. PG、ACC、乙烯对番茄果实成熟的影响[J].园艺学报，1995，22 (1)：
57－60
[16] 王贵禧，韩雅珊，于梁. 猕猴桃软化过程中阶段专一酶活性变化的研究[J].植物学报，1995，37
(3)：198－203
[17] 梁小娥，王三宝，赵迎丽，石建新，赵猛. 枣采后果肉软化的生化和细胞超微结构变化[J].园艺
学报，1998，25 (4)：333－337
[18] 田建文，许明宪，贺普超. 柿果实采收后软化生理分析（简报）[J].植物生理学通讯，1991，27
(2)：109－111
[19] 惠伟，许明宪.钙及钙调素拮抗剂 CPZ 对柿果实采后生理的影响[J].果树科学，1992，9(2)：87
－92
[20] 李丽萍，韩涛，刘佳阳. 单果真空包装对冷藏涩柿品质和有关生化变化的影响[J].农业工程学报，
1998，14 (1)：233－235
[21] 童斌，饶景萍，周会玲. 柿子成熟过程中几种生理代谢及细胞膜透性的变化[J]. 西北植物学报，
1999，19 (3)：482－486
[22] 周宏伟，吴耕西. 长把梨贮藏中多聚半乳糖醛酸酶与果胶甲酯酶的作用[J].山东农业大学学报，
1992，23：67－70
[23] 王贵禧，韩雅珊，于梁. 猕猴桃总淀粉酶活性与果实软化的关系[J].园艺学报，1994，21 (4)：
329－333
[24] 石海燕，冯双庆. 气调贮藏对‘紫花’芒果 PG、纤维素酶及果实硬度的影响[J].园艺学报，1997，
参考文献 35
24 (4)：407－409
[25] 茅林春，张上隆. 果胶酶和纤维素酶在桃果实成熟和絮败中的作用[J].园艺学报，2001，28 (2)：
107－111
[26] 陈昆松，李方，张上隆. 猕猴桃果实成熟进程中木葡聚糖内糖基转移酶 mRNA 水平的变化[J].
植物学报，1999，41(11)：1231－1234
[27] 陈昆松，张上隆. β－半乳糖苷酶基因在猕猴桃果实成熟过程中的表达[J].植物生理学报，
2000，26(2)：117－122
[28] 赵华，胡鸿，吴肇志，东惠茹. 贮藏条件对香椿芽叶片脱落的影响[J]. 园艺学报，1997，24 (3)：
259－263
[29] 郑永华，席玙芳. 枇杷薄膜包装贮藏效果研究[J]. 食品科学，2000，21 (9)：56－58
[30] 高蕸虹，武元苏，曲泽洲. 包装材料与气体组分对磨盘柿贮藏的影响[J].果树科学，1996，13 (2)：
99－102
[31] 贺军民，王仲田，李忠岐. 限气贮藏猕猴桃果实伤害产生机制的研究[J]. 西北植物学报，1999，
19 (4)：612－617
[32] 姜爱丽，田世平，徐勇，汪忻，范青. 不同气体成分对甜樱桃果实采后生理及品质的影响[J]. 中
国农业科学，2002，35 (1)：79－84
[33] 潘林娜. 海沃德猕猴桃的贮藏技术[J]. 果树科学，1996，13 (1)：37－39
[34] 王世宽，潘明. 塑料薄膜小包装贮藏江安李可行性研究[J]. 四川轻化工学院学报，2001，14 (2)：
59－62
[35] 田世平，徐勇，姜爱丽等. 冬雪蜜桃在气调冷藏期间品质及相关酶活性的变化[J]. 中国农业科
学，2001，34(6)：656－661
[36] 赵玉梅，冯双庆，乔勇进. 象牙芒果在贮藏过程中果胶及相关酶活性的变化[J]. 保鲜与加工，
2004，(2)：18－20
[37] 陈发河，吴光斌，李趁粉. 薄膜气调包装对枇杷果实冷藏期间呼吸和品质性状的影响[J]. 农业
工程学报，2003，19(5)：147－151
[38] 贺军民，王仲田，李忠岐. 限气贮藏对猕猴桃果实总淀粉酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶活性的影响[J].
西北植物学报，1998，18 (3)：393－396
[39] 张子德，马俊莲，宗汝静. 薄膜包装对于黄瓜保鲜因子的研究[J]. 河北农业大学学报，1996，
19 (1)：40－44
[40] 毕阳，高渊，张傲德. 黄瓜聚乙烯薄膜单果包装常温贮藏的研究[J]. 食品科学，1994，11：69
－71
[41] 徐步前，余小林. 几种机能性薄膜包装对香蕉贮藏效果的影响[J]. 园艺学报，2002，29 (2)：168
－170
[42] 于天颖，张平. 薄膜袋包装对青花菜贮藏效应及其生理影响的研究[J]. 保鲜与加工，2001，1 (3)：
10－12
[43] 李素芬，郑素月. MA 包装对西兰花贮藏性的影响. 农业与技术，2000，20(5)：20－22
[44] 候建设，李中华，江杰. 芹菜的薄膜包装冷藏试验[J]. 食品科学，2002，23 (6)：143－145
[45] 黄光荣，沈莲清，王向阳. 芦笋 MA 保鲜技术研究. 山西食品工业，2000，(1)：16－19
[46] 段玉权，冯双庆，赵玉梅. 中华寿桃贮期褐变研究[J]. 沈阳农业大学学报，2002，33 (2)：129
－133
[47] 候建设，李中华，江杰. 冷害温度下薄膜包装对青椒贮藏效果的研究[J].食品科技， 2002，(9)：
66－67
[48] 苑克俊，李振三，张道辉，孙玉刚，张大鹏，胡小松. 苹果低氧气调新组合贮后效应的利用研
36 薄膜包装冷藏对柿成熟软化的影响
究[J]. 果树学报，2002，19 (6)：369－372
[49] 李海林.果蔬包装与保鲜. 中国果菜，2004，(2)：40－41
[50] 张国树. 柿子后熟过程中呼吸动态和内源乙烯浓度变化的研究[J].莱阳农学院学报，1991，8 (4)：
284－288
[51] 张子德，马俊莲，甄增立. 柿果实采后生理研究[J]. 河北农业大学学报，1995，18 (2)：105－
107
[52] 黄森，张继澍.火罐柿减压处理、低乙烯 MA 贮藏技术研究[J].西北农业学报，1996，5 (1)：82
－84
[53] 田建文，贺普超，许明宪. 植物激素与柿子后熟的关系[J]. 天津农业科学，1994，3：30－32
[54] 高经成，袁明耀，徐荣江.柿子后熟过程中生理代谢和品质变化及乙烯的催熟效果[J]. 食品科
学，1993，14 (4)：14－16
[55] 罗宏科. 柿子果实内部主要物质含量的动态研究[J]. 陕西林业科技，1991，3：33－36
[56] 刘亚强，张渭滨. 柿果后熟过程中的品质变化及脱涩机理[J]. 渭南师专学报（自然科学版），
2000，(2)：28－30
[57] 费学谦，周立红，龚榜初. 不同甘、涩类型柿果实单宁组成的差异及罗田甜柿单宁的特征[J]. 林
业科学研究，1999，12 (4)：369－373
[58] 郑国华，米森敬三，平野健，杉浦明. 喷施 GA3 和乙烯利对柿果实成熟及内源 GA3 活性、ABA
含量的影响[J]. 园艺学报，1991，18 (3)：193－197
[59] 高梅，张继澍. 亚精胺对柿果采后乙烯生物合成的影响[J].园艺学报，1999，26 (6)：364－368
[60] 钱永华. 柿子采后主要生理生化变化及 AOA 处理对其的影响[D] 硕士毕业论文，西北农业大
学，1993
[61] 吴延军. Cacl2 和低温处理对枣软化衰老的生理效应[D].硕士毕业论文，西北农业大学，1997
[62] 罗自生. 热处理诱导采后柿果抗冷性机理的研究[D]. 博士毕业论文，浙江大学，2002
[63] 殷晓军. 脱涩后‘火柿’生理生化变化及 GA3 与热处理对其软化生理影响的研究[D] 硕士毕业
论文，西北农业大学，1999
[64] 王劲风，方正明主编. 甜柿引种栽培[M].中国农业出版社，1995
[65] 杜玉宽 ，杨德兴主编. 水果、蔬菜、花卉气调贮藏及采后技术[M]. 中国农业大学出版社，1999
[66] 周春华，刘红霞. 鲜柿贮藏技术及病害防治[J]. 中国果菜，2000，(4)：18
[67] 林娇芬，庞杰，吴少谦. 柿果采后处理及保鲜技术[J]. 广西热带农业 2002，1：12－13
[68] 高俊凤主编. 植物生理学实验技术[M].世界图书出版西安公司，2000
[69] 徐昌杰，陈昆松，张上隆. 蔗糖酶对外切纤维素酶和外切半乳糖醛酸酶活性测定的干扰及排除
[J]. 植物生理学通讯，1997，33 (1)：43－46
[70] 陈冬兰. 植物生理学实验手册[M]. 上海科学技术出版社，1985
[71] 潘一山，王少峰，蔡晓东. 芦笋采后生理与贮藏保鲜的研究[J].福建农业学报，2001，16(3)：61
－64
[72] 徐昌杰，张上隆. 气调对猕猴桃果实采后乙烯生成的效应及其机制[J]. 浙江农业大学学报，
1999，25(3)：248－250
[73] 李正国，苏彩萍，王贵禧.包装和乙烯吸收剂对猕猴桃贮藏生理及品质的影响[J].西南农业大学
学报，2000，22 (4)：353－355
[74] 肖功年，张愍，彭建，汤坚. 气调包装(MAP)对草莓保鲜的影响. 食品工业科技，2003，24(6)：
68－71
[75] 宋智，孟凤英. 生鲜蘑菇 MA 保鲜理论研究[J]. 天津农业科学，1994，(3)：37－38
[76] Ning B, Kubo Y. Softening characteristics of Chinese pear‘Yali’fruit with special relation to changes
参考文献 37
in cell wall polysaccharides and their degrading enzymes [J]. Scientific Reports of the Faculty of
Agriculture Okayama University, 1997, 86: 71－78
[77] Kramer M, Sanders R. Postharvest evaluation of transgenic tomatoes with reduced levels of
polygalacturonase, processing firmness and disease resistance [J]. Postharvest Biology and
Technology, 1992, 1 (2): 411－419
[78] McCollum T G, Huber D J, Cantliffe D J. Modification of polyuronides and hemicelluloses during
muskmelon fruit softening [J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1989, 76 (3): 303－308
[79] Huber D J, O'Donoghue E M. Polyuronides in avocado and tomato fruits exhibit markedly different
patterns of molecular weight downshifts during ripening [J]. Plant Physiology, 1993, 102: 473－480
[80] Redgwell R J, Melton L D and Brasch D J. Cell wall polysaccharides of kiwifruit: Effect of ripening
on the structural features of cell wall materials [J]. Carbohydrate Res., 1991, 209: 191－202
[81] Dawson D M, Walkins C B, Melton L D. Intermittent harming affects cell wall composition of
‘Frantasia’nectarine during ripening and storage [J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1995, 120 (6): 1057
－1062
[82] Fils-Lycaon M, Lovatl C J, Coggins C W, et al. Loss of firmness and changes in pectic fractions during
ripening and over-ripening of sweet cherry [J]. HortScience, 1990, 25 (7): 777－778
[83] Hadfiel K A and Bennett A B. Polygalacturonases: Many genes in search of a function [J]. Plant
Physiology, 1998, 117: 337－343
[84] Redgwell R J, Fisher M, Kendal E. Galactose loss and fruit ripening: high molecular weight
arabinogalactans in the pectic polysaccharides of fruit cell wall [J]. Planta, 1997, 203 (2): 174－181
[85] Zhao M, Moy J, Paull R E. Effect of gamma irradiation on ripening papaya pectin [J]. Postharvest
Biology and Technology, 1996, 8 (3): 209－222
[86] Fishman M L, Levy B, Gillespie D T. Changes in the physiol-chemical properties of peach fruit pectin
during on-tree ripening and storage [J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1993, 118 (3): 343－349
[87] Fishman M L, Gross K C, Gillespie D T, et al. Macromolecular components of tomato fruit pectin [J].
Arch. Biochem. Biophys, 1989, 274: 179－191
[88] Paull K E, Gross K, Qiu Yun Xia. Changes in papaya cell walls during fruit ripening[J]. Postharvest
Biology and Technology, 1996,7 (4): 359－370
[89] Tong C B S, Gross K C. Glycosyl linkage composition of tomato fruit cell wall hemicellulosic
fractions during ripening [J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1988, 74 (2): 365－370
[90] Pesis E, Fuchs Y, Zauberman G. Cellulase activity and fruit softening in avocado [J].Plant Physiology,
1978, 61: 416－419
[91] Pharr D M, Dickinson D B. Partial characterization of Cx-cellulase and cellobiase from ripening
tomato fruit [J]. Plant Physiology, 1973, 52: 577－583
[92] Gross K C, Watada A E, Kang M S. Biochemical changes associated with the ripening hot pepper fruit
[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1986, 66 (1): 31－36
[93] Huber D J. Strawberry fruit softening: the potential roles of polyuronides and hemicellulose [J]. J.
Food Sci., 1984, 49 (5): 131－135
[94] Rose J K L, Bennett A B. Cooperative disassembly of the cellulose-xyloglucan network of plant cell
walls: parallels between cell expansion and fruit ripening [J]. Trend Plant Sci., 1999, 4: 176－1283
[95] Ahmed A E, Labavitch J M. Cell wall metabolism in ripening pear, Ⅰ: cell wall changes in ripening
Bartlett pear [J]. Plant Physiol., 1980, 65: 1009－1013
[96] Gross K C, Wallner S J. Degradation of cell wall polysaccharides during tomato fruit ripening [J].
38 薄膜包装冷藏对柿成熟软化的影响
Plant Physiology, 1979, 63: 117－120
[97] Pressey R. Exopolygalacturonase in tomato fruit [J]. Phytochemistry, 1987, 26 (7): 1867－1870
[98] Crooks P R and D Grierson. Ultrastructure of tomato fruit ripening and the role of polygalacturonase
isoenzymes in cell wall degradation[J]. Plant Physiology, 1983, 72: 248－254
[99] Pressey R, Hinton D M and Avants J K. Development of polygalacturonase activity and solubilization
of pectin in peaches during ripening [J]. J. Food Sci., 1971, 36: 1070－1073
[100] Chan H T, Tam S Y T. Partial seperation and charaterization of papaya endo- and exo-
polygalacturonase[J]. J. Food Sci., 1982, 47: 1478－1483
[101] Pressey R, Avants J K. Seperation and characterization of endopolygalacturonase and
exopolygalacturonases from peach [J]. Plant Physiology, 1973, 52: 252－256
[102] Cutillas-Iturralde A, Zarra I, Lorences E P. Metabolism of cell wall polysaccharides from
persimmon fruit. Pectin solubilization during fruit ripening occurs in apparent absence of
polygalacturonase activity [J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1993, 89 (2): 369－375
[103] Fischer R L, Bennett A B. Role of cell wall hydrolases in fruit ripening[J]. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol.
Plant Mol. Biol., 1991, 42: 675－703
[104] Hobson G E. Polygalacturonase in normal and abnormal tomato fruit[J]. Biochemistry, 1964, 92: 324
－332
[105] Hobson G E. The firmness of tomato fruit in relation to polygalacturonase activity[J]. HortScience,
1965, 40: 66－72
[106] Xue Y B, Kubo Yznaba A. Effects of humidity on ripening and texture in banana fruit [J]. J. Japan.
Soc. Hort. Sci., 1995, 64 (3): 657－664
[107] Jen J J, Robison M L. Pectolytic enzymes in sweet bell peppers [J]. J. Food Sci., 1984, 49 (4): 1085
－1087
[108] Bonghi C, Pagni S, Vidrih R. Cell wall hydrolases and amylase in kiwifruit softening[J]. Postharvest
Biology and Technology, 1997, 9 (1): 19－29
[109] Choi Jeong Hee, Lee Seongkoo, Choi J H. Pectic substances associated with woolliness of peaches
[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1999, 40 (5): 574－576
[110] Bolin H R, Huxsoll C C. Scanning electron microscope image analyzer determination of dimemtional
postharvest changes in fruit cells [J]. J. Food. Sci., 1987, 52 (6): 1649－1650
[111] Chin L H, Ali Z M, Lazan H, et al. Cell wall modification, degrading enzymes and softening of
carambolu fruit during ripening [J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1999, 50 (335): 767－775
[112] Smith R, Seymour G, Tucker G A. Inhibition of cell wall degradation by silver during ripening of
tomato fruit [J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 1989, 134 (4): 514－516
[113] Smith C J S, Watson C F, Morris P C, Bird C R, Seymour G B, et al. Inheritance and effect on
ripening of antisense polygalacturonase genes in transgenic tomatoes [J]. Plant Molecular Biology,
1990, 14: 369－379
[114] Giovannoni J J, DellaPenna D. Expression of chimeric polygalacturonase gene in transgenic rin
(ripening inhibitor) tomato fruit results in polyuronide degradation but not fruit softening [J]. The
Plant Cell, 1989, 1: 53－63
[115] Ben-Arie R, Sonego L, Saks Y. Cell wall metabolism in gibberellin treated persimmon fruits [J]. Plant
Growth Regulation, 1996, 19 (1): 25－33
[116] Matsui T and Kitagawa H. Effects of ethylene absorbent on polygalacuturonase activity of
persimmon fruit[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1989, 57 (4): 697－701
参考文献 39
[117] Huber D J. The role of cell wall hydrolases in fruit softening[J]. Hortic. Rev., 1983, 5: 169－219
[118] Yoshioka H, Aoba K, Kashimura Y. Molecular weight and degree of methoxylation in cell wall
polyuronide during softening in pear and apple fruit [J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1992, 117 (4): 600
－606
[119] Awad M and Young R E. Postharvest variation in cellulase, polygalacturonase and
pectinmethylesterase in avocado (Persea Americana Mill, cv. Fuerte) fruits in relation to respiration
and ethylene production [J]. Plant Physiology, 1979, 64: 306－308
[120] Redgwell R J, et al. Cell wall dissolution in ripening kiwifruit: solubilization of the pectic polyers [J].
Plant Physiology, 1992, 98: 71
[121] Barret D M, Gonzalez C. Activity of softening enzymes during cherry maturation[J]. J. Food Sci.,
1994, 59 (3): 574－577
[122] Graff J, Tiznadi M E, Handa A K. Characterization and functional expression of a ubiquitously
expressed tomato pectin methylesterase[J]. Plant Physiology, 1997, 114 (4): 1547－1556
[123] Thakur B R, Singh R K, Handa A K. Effect of antisense pectin methylesterase gene on the chemistry
of pectin in tomato(Lycopersion esculentum)juice[J]. J. Agric. Food Chem., 1996, 44 (2): 628－630
[124] Abu Sarra A F, Abu Goukh A A. Changes in pectinesterase, polygalacturonase and cellulase activity
during mango fruit ripening [J]. Journal of Horticultural Science, 1992, 67 (4): 561－568
[125] Ben-Arie R, Sonego L. Pectolytic enzyme activity involved in woolly breakdown of stored peaches
[J]. Phytochemistry, 1980, 19: 2553－2555
[126] Arties F, Cano A, Pemandez-Trujillo J P. Pectolytic enzyme activity during intermittent warming
storage of peaches [J]. J. Food Sci., 1996, 61: 311－313, 321
[127] O'Donoghue E M, Huber D J, Timpa J D. Influence of avocado (Persea americana) Cx cellulase on
the structural features of avocado cellulose [J]. Planta., 1994, 194 (4): 573－584
[128] Ruzzon S, Ruperti B, Bonghi C, et al. Activity and biochemical characterization of endo-beta-1,4
glucanase and polygalacturonases during development and ripening of peach fruits[A].In: Atti del
workship Nazionale. Postraccolta Degli Ortoflorofrutticoli, vol.5 [C].Italy, Ascea Marina, 1998, 32－
35
[129] Ben-Arie R, Kislev N. Ultrastructural changes in the cell walls of ripening apple and pear fruit [J].
Plant Physiology, 1979, 64: 197－202
[130] Abeles F B, Takeda T. Cellulase activity and ethylene in ripening strawberry and apple fruits [J]. Sci.
Hort., 1990, 42: 269－275
[131] Maclachlan G, Brady C. Multiple forms of 1,4-beta-glucanase in ripening tomato fruits include a
xyloglucanase activity by xyloglucan oligosaccharides [J]. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology,
1992, 19 (2): 137－146
[132] Lester G E, Dunlap J R. Physiological changes during development and ripening of ‘Perlita’
muskmelon fruits[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 1985, 26 (4): 323－331
[133] Abeles F B, Biles C L. Cellulase activity in developing apple fruit [J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 1991,
47 (12): 77－87
[134] Shin S R, Ha Y D, Kim J G. Characteristics and activity changes of beta-galactosidase during
maturation and postharvest of persimmon fruits[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1990, 19 (6): 605－
611
[135] Ross G S, Redgwell R J, MacRce E A. Kiwifruit β-galactosidase: isolation and activity against
specific fruit cell-wall polysaccharides [J]. Planta., 1993, 189: 499－506
40 薄膜包装冷藏对柿成熟软化的影响
[136] Jin C H, Kashiwagi T, Mizuno M, et al. Structural changes in the cell wall pectic polysaccharides
accompanied by softening of apple(Malus pumila Mill)cultivars Fuji and Kinsei[J]. Food Preserva.
Sci., 1999, 25 (6): 293－300
[137] Yoshioka H, Kashimura Y, Kaneko K. Solubilization and distribution of neutral sugar residues
derived from polyuronides during the softening in apple fruit[J]. J. Japan Soc. Hort. Sci., 1994, 63:
173－182
[138] Lidester P D, McRae K B, Dick A J. Effects of a vacuum infusion of a partially purified β
-galactosidase inhibitor on apple quality[J]. HortScience, 1985, 20: 80－82
[139] Ross G F, Wegrzyn T F, MouRae E A, et al. Apple β-galactosidase activity against cell wall
polysaccharides and characterization of a related cDNA clone[J]. Plant Physiology, 1994, 106: 521－
528
[140] King G A, Davies M. Cloning of a harvest-induced β-galactosidase from tips of harvest asparagus
spears[J]. Plant physiology, 1995, 108: 419－420
[141] Raghothama K G, Lowton K A, Goldborough P B, et al. Characterization of an ethylene regulated
flower senescence-related gene from carnation[J]. Plant Mol. Bilo, 1991, 17: 61－71
[142] Ranwala A P, Suematsu C, Masuda H. The role of β-galactosidases in the modification of cell wall
components during muskmelon fruit ripening[J]. Plant Physiology, 1992, 100: 1318－1325
[143] Kang I K, Suh S G, Byun J K. Characterization and antibody production of beta-galactosidase in
persimmon fruits [J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1994, 35 (3): 226－232
[144] Kang I K, Chang K H, Byun J K. Changes in activities of cell wall hydrolases during ripening and
softening in persimmon fruits[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1998, 39 (1): 55－59
[145] Ketsa S, Chidtragool S, Klein J D. Effect of heat treatment on changes in softening, pectic substances
and activities of polygalacturonase, pectinesterase and beta-galactosidases of ripening mango[J].
Journal of Plant Physiology, 1998, 153 (34): 457－461
[146] Kitagawa Y, Kanayama Y, Yamaki S. Isolation of beta-galactosidase fractions from Japanese pear:
activity against native cell wall polysaccharides [J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1995, 93 (3): 545－550
[147] Biles C L, Bruton B D, Russo V. Characterization of beta-galactosidase isozymes of ripening
peppers[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1997, 75 (2): 237－243
[148] Veau E J I, Gross K C. Degradation and solubilization of pectin by beta-galactosidases purified from
avocado mesocarp[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1993, 87 (3): 279－285
[149] Wallner S J and Walker J E. Glycosidases in cell wall-degrading extracts of ripening tomato fruits [J].
Plant Physiology, 1975, 55: 94－98
[150] Fry S C, Smith R C, Renwick K F, Martin D J, Hodge S K and Matthews K J. Xgloglucan
endotransglycosylase, a new wall-loosening enzyme activity from plants[J]. Biochem., 1992, 282:
821－828
[151] Redgwell R J and Fry S C. Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase activity increases during kiwifruit
(Actinidia deliciosa) ripening [J]. Plant Physiology, 1993, 103: 1399－1406
[152] Schroder R, Atkinson R G, Langenkmper G, et al. Biochemical and molecular characterization of
xyloglucan endotransglycosylase from ripe kiwifruit[J]. Planta., 1998, 204 (2): 242－251
[153] McQueen-Mason S J, Cosgrove D J. Expansin mode of action on cell walls[J]. Plant Physiology,
1995, 107: 87－100
[154] McQueen-Mason S J, Cosgrove D J. Disruption of hydrogen bonding between plant cell wall
polymers by proteins that induce wall extension[J], Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1994, 91: 6574－
参考文献 41
6578
[155] Rose J K C, Bennett A B. Cooperative disassembly of the cellulose-xyloglucan network of plant cell
walls: parallels between cell expansion and fruit ripening[J]. Trend Plant Sci., 1999, 4: 176－183
[156] Gebhardt F and Wright T R. Films for cherries[J]. Modern Packaging, 1948, June, 163－165 ; 214－
218
[157] Hardenbury R E, et al. The commerial storage of fruits, vegetables, florist and nursery stocks[J]. US.
Dept. Agric. Handbk., 1986, 66: 130
[158] Adato I and Gazit S. Water-deficit stress, ethylene production, and ripening in avocado fruit [J]. Plant
Physiology, 1974, 53: 45－46
[159] Ben-yehoshua S, Shapiro B, Zev Even Chen and Susan Lurie. Mode of action of plastic film in
extending life of lemon and bell pepper fruits by alleviation of water stress [J]. Plant physiology,
1983, 73: 87－93
[160] Reid M S, David A H, Pratt H K. Seasonal patterns in chemical composition of fruit of Actinidia
chinensis[J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1982, 107 (2): 316－319
[161] Burdon J N, Dori S, Lomaniec E, Marinansky R and Pesis E. The post-harvest ripening of water
stressed banana fruit [J]. Journal of Hort. Sci., 1994, 69 (5): 799－804
[162] Nakatsuka A, Shiomi S, Kubo Y and Inaba A. Expression and internal feedback regulation of ACC
synthase and ACC oxidase genes in ripening tomato fruit[J]. Plant Cell Physiol., 1997, 38: 1103－
1110
[163] Van Den Berg L. High humidity storage of vegetables and fruits[J]. HortScience, 1978, (13): 565－
569
[164] Hardenburg R E. Effect of in package environment on keeping quality of fruits and vegetables[J].
HortScience, 1971, 6: 198－201
[165] Grierson W, Wardowaki W F. Relative humidity effects on the post harvest life of fruits and
vegetables [J]. HortScience, 1978, 13: 22－28
[166] Harima S, Nakano R, Yamauchi S, Kitano Y, et al. Inhibition of fruit softening in forcing-cultured
‘Tonewase’ Japanese persimmon by packaging in perforated and non-perforated polyethylene bags[J].
J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 2002, 71 (2): 284－291
[167] Nakano R , Harima S, Kubo Y and Inaba A. Delay of Fruit Softening in Forcing-cultured ‘Tonewase’
Japanese persimmon by Packaging in perforated polyethylene bags[J].J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.,
2001, 70 (3): 385－392
[168] Nakano R, Harima S, Ogura E, Inoue S, Kubo Y, Inaba A. Involvement of stress-induced ethylene
biosynthesis in fruit softening of ‘Suijo’ persimmon [J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 2001, 70 (5): 581
－585
[169] Nakano R, Oguia E, Rao J P, Kubo Y and Inaba A. Tissue specific ethylene biosynthesis in water-
stressed Japanese persimmon fruit[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. (别册), 2000, 493
[170] Leopold A, Musgrave M, Williams K. Solute leakage resulting from leaf desiccation[J]. Plant
physiol., 1981, 68: 1222－1225
[171] Kubo Y, Xue Y, Nakatsuka A, Mathooko F M, Inaba A and Nakamura R. Expression of a water stress
–induced polygalacturonase gene in harvested cucumber fruit[J]. J. Janpan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 2000, 69:
273－279
[172] Kader A A, Zagory D and Kerbel E L. Modified atmosphere packaging of fruits and vegetables[J].
42 薄膜包装冷藏对柿成熟软化的影响
CRC Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 1989, 28: 1－30
[173] Yearsley C W, Bank N H and Ganesh S. Temperature effects on the internal lower oxygen limits of
apple fruit[J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1997, 11 (2): 73－83
[174] Sornsrivichai J, Yantarasri T, Gemma H, Bielski R, Laing W, Clark C. Respiration kinetics of
mangoes and Asian pear fruits under MA conditions and its relation to the ripening behavious[J].
Acta Horticulturae, 1998, 464: 339－344
[175] Fumuro M and Gamo H. Effects of cold storage on co2-treated Japanese Persimmon ( Diospy kaki
Thunb) ‘Hiratanenashi’ packed in polyethylene bags of different thickness [J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort.
Sci., 2002, 71 (2): 300－302
[176] Kanlayanarat S, wong-Aree C, and Maneerat C. Use of film thickness for modified atmosphere
packaging to prolong storage of rambutan cv ‘Rong-Rien’ [J]. Acta Hortoculturae, 2000, 518: 106－
113
[177] Ben-Arie R and Zutkhi Y. Extending the storage life of ‘Fuyu’ persimmon by modified atmosphere
packaging[J]. HortScience, 1992, 27 (7): 811－813
[178] Remon S. Use of modified atmosphere to prolong the postharvest life of Borlat cherries at two
different degree of ripeness[J]. J. Sci. Food Agric., 2000, 80: 1545－1552
[179] Manolopoulou H, Lambrinos G, Assimaki H, Sfakiotakis E, Porlingis J. Modified atmosphere storage
of Hayward kiwifruit[J]. Acta Horticulturae, 1997, 444: 619－624
[180] Itamura H, Kitamura T, Taira S, Harada H, Ito N, Takahashi Y and Fukushima T. Relationship
between fruit softening，ethylene production and respiration in Japanese persimmon ‘Hiratanenashi’
[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1991, 60 (3): 695－701
[181] Takata M. Effect of ethylene on respiration, ethylene production and ripening of Japanese persimm
on fruit harvested at different stages of development[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1982, 51 (2): 203
－209
[182] Park K W, Kang H M, Kim C H. MA storage response of fresh lemongrass depending upon film
source and storage temperature[J]. Korean Journal of Horticultural science and technology, 2000, 18
(1): 18－21
[183] Shimon M. Prolonged storage of ‘Hass’ avocado fruit using modified atmosphere packaging[J].
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1997, 12: 56－60
[184] Wang C Y. Approaches to reduce chilling injury of fruits and vegetables[J]. Hort. Rev., 1990, 15: 63
－95
[185] Chien Yi Wang. Modified atmosphere packaging alleviates chilling injury in cucumbers[J].
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1997, 10: 195－200
[186] Edna Pesis. Modified atmosphere and modified humidity packaging alleviates chilling injury
symptoms in mango fruit [J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2000, 19: 93－101
[187] Fernandez-trujilio J P. Modified atmosphere packaging affects the incidence of cold storage disorder
and keeps ‘Hat’ peach quality [J]. Food research international, 1998, 8: 571－579
[188] MacRae E A. Development of chilling injury in New Zealand grown ‘Fuyu’ persimmon during
storage[J]. New Zealand J. Expt. Agr., 1987, 15: 333－344
[189] Ketsa S, Klaewkasetkorn O. Effect of modified atmosphere on chilling injury and storage life of
rambutan[J]. Acta Horticulturae, 1994, 398: 223－231
[190] Rodriguez S del C, Lopez B, Chaves A R. Effect of different treatments on the evolution of
polyamines during refrigerated storage of eggplants[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
参考文献 43
2001, 49 (10): 4700－4705
[191] Wells J H and Uota M. Germination and growth of five fungi in low oxygen and high carbon dioxide
atmosphere[J]. Phytopathology, 1970, 60: 50－53
[192] Prusky D, Prez A, Zutkhi Y, et al. Effect of modified atmosphere for control of black spot, caused by
Alternaria alternate on stored persimmon fruits[J]. Phytopathology, 1997, 87 (2): 203－208
[193] Rodov V, Horev B, Vinokur Y, Copel A, Aharoni Y and Aharoni N. Modified atmosphere packaging
improves keeping quality of charentais-type melon[J]. HortScience, 2002, 37 (6): 950－953
[194] Sornsrivichai J, Gomolmanee S, Boonyakiat D, Uthaibutra J, Boon-Long P and Gemma H. Seal
packaging by plastic film as a technique for limiting fungal decay of mangoes[J]. Acta Horticulturae,
1992, 296: 23－32
[195] Risse L A, Chun D, McDonald R E, Miller W R. Volatile production and decay during storage of
cucumbers waxed, imazalil-treated and film-wrapped[J]. HortScience, 1987, 22 (2): 274－276
[196] Takata M. Respiration, ethylene production and ripening of Japanese persimmon fruit harvested at
various stages of development[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1983, 52 (1): 78－84
[197] Iwata T, Nakagawa K and Ogata K. Relationship between the ripening of harvested fruits and the
respiration pattern (1) On the class of respiration pattern of Japanese persimmons [J]. J. Japan. Soc.
Hort. Sci., 1969, 38: 84－86
[198] Daood H G, Biacs P, Czinkotai B, Hoschke A. Chromatographic investigation of cartotenoids, sugar
and organic acids from Diospyros kaki fruits [J]. Foot Chemistry, 1992, 45 (2): 151－155
[199] Matsuo T. Chemstry, metabolism and biological functions of fruit tannis and relative compounds[J].
Recent Research Developments in Phytochemistry, 1998, 2: 269－285
[200] Kitagawa H. Studies on the storage and removal of astringency in persimmonsⅤ. During the
removal of astringency with warm water treatment the relationship between the accumulation of
acetaldehyde and the disappearance of astringency[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1969, 37: 379－382
[201] Fukushima T, Kitamura T, Murayama H and Yoshida T. Mechanisms of astringency removal by
ethanol treament in ‘Hiratanenashi’ kaki fruits[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1991, 60 (3): 685－694
[202] Matsuo T, Itoo S and Ben Aire R. A model experiment for elucidating the mechanism of astringency
removal in persimmon fruit using respiration inhibitors[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1991, 60 (2):
437－442
[203] Gazit S, Adato I. Effect of carbon dioxide atmosphere on the course of astringency disappearance of
persimmon fruits[J]. J. Food. Sci., 1972, 37: 815－817
[204] Matsuo T, Shinohara J, Itoo S. CTSD method to removing astringency of persimmon fruit by carbon
dioxide gas[J]. Abstract of the Annual Spring Meeting of the Japan Society of Horticultural
Science, 1975: 367－368
[205] Antonio C I, Ignacio Z, Stephen C F and Ester P L. Implication of persimmon fruit hemicellulose
metabolism in the softening process. Importance of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase [J]. Physiologia
Plantarum, 1994, 91: 169－176
[206] Kang I K, Kim J S, Byun J K, Kang I K, Kim J S, Byun J K. The role of beta-galactosidase on the
modification of cell wall components in persimmon fruits[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1996, 37 (4):
548－553
[207] Ben-Arie R, Roisman Y, Zuthi Y, Blumenfeld A. Gibberellic acid reduces sensitivity of persimmon
fruits to ethylene [J]. Advance in Agricultural Biotechnology, 1989, 26: 165－171
[208] Lee Y M, Jang S J, Lee Y L. Effect of preharvest application of MGC-140 and GA3 on the storability
44 薄膜包装冷藏对柿成熟软化的影响
of Fuyu persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) [J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1997, 38 (2): 157－161
[209] Treglazova N V, Fataliev A T. Pre-storage treatment of ersimmon fruits with calcium chloride[J].
Subtropicheskie kul’ tury, 1989, 6: 108－111
[210] Neves L C, Cia P, Rodrigues A C, Vieites R L. Application of calcium chloride for postharvest
preservation of persimmon(Diospyros kaki L.) in cold storage[J]. Revista cientifica Rural, 2000, 5
(2): 96－103
[211] Dzimistarishvili-N B, Gulua-M K. The effect of some fungicides on storage capacity of subtropical
persimmon fruit[J]. Subtropicheskie-kul’ tury, 1990, 1: 131－134
[212] Kawakami F, Nishikawa S, Moku M. Tolerance of Japanese persimmon (kaki) to fumigation with
methyl bromide[J]. Research Bulletin of the Plant Protection Service Japan, 1989, 25: 79－85
[213] Lee Y M, Kwon O C, Cho Y S, Park Y M and Lee Y J. Effect of oxygen and carbon dioxide
concentration in PE film bag on blackening and flesh browning disorder during MA storage of
‘Fuyu’ persimmon fruit[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1999, 40: 585－590
[214] Prusky D, Eshel D, Kobiler I, Yakoby N, Beno Moualem D, Ackerman M Zuthji Y, Arie R B.
Postharvest chloride treatments for the control of the persimmon black spot disease caused by
Alternaria alternate[J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2001, 22 (3): 271－277
[215] Eshel D, Ben-Arie R, Dinoor-A, Prusky-D. Resistance of gibberellin-treated persimmon fruit to
Alternaria alternate arises from the reduced ability of the fungus to produce endo-1, 4-beta-glucanase
[J]. Phytopathology, 2000, 90 (11): 1256－1262
[216] Qadir A, Hashinaga F. Inhibition of postharvest decay of fruits by nitrous oxide[J]. Postharvest
Biology and Technology, 2001, 22 (3): 279－283
[217] Woolf A B, MacRae E A, Spooner K J, Redgwell R J. Changes to physical properties of the cell wall
and polyuronides in response to heat treatment of ‘Fuyo’ persimmon that alleviate chilling injury[J].
J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1997, 122 (5): 698－702
[218] Collins R J, Tisdeu J S. The influence of storage time and temperature on chilling injury in Fuyu and
Suruga persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) grown in subtropical[J]. Austrilia. Posthavest Biology and
Technology, 1995, 6 (12): 149－157
[219] Lee E J and Yang Y J. Postharvest physiology and storage disorders affected by temperature and PE
film thickness in ‘Fuyu’ persimmon fruit[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1997, 38: 516－519
[220] Park Y S. Changes in the incidence of fruit blackening, phenolic acid, and ethanol production of
non-astringent persimmon fruits during CA and MAP storage[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1999, 40
(1): 83－87
[221] Lee Y J, Lee Y M, Kwon O C, Kim T C and Cho Y S. Effects of low oxygen and high carbon dioxide
concentrations on modified atmosphere-related disorder of ‘Fuyu’ persimmon fruit[J]. Acta
Horticulturae, 2003, 601:171－176
[222] Park Y S, Na T S, Lee K M. Effects of CO2and O2 treatments within polyethylene film bags on the
fruit quality of non-astringent Fuyu persimmon fruits during storage[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci.,
1997, 38 (5): 510－515
[223] Tong B, Rao J P, Ren X L and Wang R Z. Ultrastructural changes in the mesocarp cells in relation to
the physiological metabolism of persimmon(Diospyros kaki L.) fruits during ripening and
senescence[J]. Acta Horticulturae, 2003, 601: 199－203
[224] Grant T M, Macrae H, Redgwell R J. Effect of chilling injury on physicochemical properties of
persimmon cell walls [J]. Phytochemisty, 1992, 31: 3739－3744
参考文献 45
[225] Bower J P, Dennison M T and Fowler K. Avocado and mango cold storage damage as related to water
loss control [J]. Acta Horticulturae, 2003, 628: 401－406
[226] Geeson J D, Smith S M. Retardation of apple ripening during distribution by the use of modified
atmosphere[J]. Acta Horticulturae, 1989, 258:245－253
[227] Celikel F G, Ozelkok S and Burak M. A study on modified atmosphere storage of sweet cherry[J].
Acta Horticulturae, 2003, 628: 431－438
[228] Celikel F G, Kaynas K and Erenoglu B. A study on modified atmosphere storage of strawberry[J].
Acta Horticulturae, 2003, 628: 423－430
[229] Ben-yehoshua S. Gas exchange, transpiration and the commercial deterioration in storage of orange
fruit[J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1969, 94: 524－528
[230] Makhlouf J, Willemot C. Effect of low temperature and controlled atmosphere storage on membrane
lipid composition of broccoli flower buds[J]. Sci. Horti., 1990, 42: 9－19
[231] Tu K, Nicolai B, Baerdemaeker J De. Effects of relative humudity on apple quality under simulated
shelf temperature storage[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2000, 85(3): 217－229
[232] Lurie S, Shapiro B and Ben-Yehoshua S. Effects of water stress and degree of ripeness on rate of
senescence of harvested bell pepper fruit[J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1986, 111: 880－885
[233] Xue Y, Ishikawa K, Kubo Y, Inba A and Nakamura R. Softening of several fruits and vegetables at
low humidity with respect to their endogenous ethylene concentration[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.,
1996, 65: 169-176
[234] Xue Y, Kubo Y, Inaba A and Nakamura R. Effects of humidity on physiological activity and texture
of tomato and cucumber fruits[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Food Sci. Tech., 1996, 43: 164－171
[235] Xue Y, Kubo Y, Inaba A and Nakamura R. Effects of humidity on ethylene biosynthesis of cucumber,
eggplant and green pepper fruits[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Cold Preserv. Food, 1996, 22: 3－10
[236] Tsuchida Y, Sakurai N, Morinaga K, Koshita Y and Asakura T. Effects of water loss of ‘Fuyu’
persimmon fruits on mesocarp cell wall composition and fruit softening[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.,
2003, 72(6): 517－524
－345
[2] 饶景萍，任小林主编. 园艺产品贮运学[M]. 陕西人民出版社，2003
[3] 田建文，贺普超，许明宪. 火柿后熟中各理化指标间的关系研究[J].园艺学报，1994，21 (1)：41
－46
[4] 夏春森，王兰英. ‘红星’苹果在贮藏中果肉发绵生理过程的研究[J].园艺学报，1991，8 (2)：
29－36
[5] 周培根，罗祖友，吴邦良. 桃成熟期间果实软化与果胶及有关酶的关系[J].南京农业大学学报，
1991，14 (2)：33－37
[6] 彭丽桃，饶景萍，杨书珍等. 油桃后熟衰老期间几个生理指标的变化[J]. 西北农业学报，2001，
10(4)：37－40
[7] 朱东兴，饶景萍，任小林等.柿果实 1-甲基环丙烯处理对成熟软化的影响.[J].园艺学报，2004，
31(1)：87－89
[8] 林河通，席焜芳，陈绍军. 黄花梨果实采后软化生理基础[J].中国农业科学，2003，36 (3)：349
－352
[9] 罗自生. MA 贮藏对桑果细胞壁组分和水解酶活性的影响[J].果树学报，2003，20 (3)：214－217
[10] 饶景萍，任小林. 果实成熟过程中组织超微结构变化[J]. 西北植物学报，1997，17(1)：128－134
[11] 李明启. 果实生理[M]. 北京科学出版社，1989
[12] 李雄彪. 植物细胞壁酶的分子结构与生理功能[J].植物生理学通讯，1991，27(4)：246－252
[13] 申曙光. 红富士苹果果实发育期间生理生化变化的研究[J].园艺学报，1991，18 (1)：1－3
[14] 卢春彬，刘存德，梁厚果. PG 在番茄成熟中的作用及二价金属离子与乙烯对 PG 活性的影响[J].
植物学报，1990，32 (5)：337－342
[15] 陆春贵，徐鹤林，周立新. PG、ACC、乙烯对番茄果实成熟的影响[J].园艺学报，1995，22 (1)：
57－60
[16] 王贵禧，韩雅珊，于梁. 猕猴桃软化过程中阶段专一酶活性变化的研究[J].植物学报，1995，37
(3)：198－203
[17] 梁小娥，王三宝，赵迎丽，石建新，赵猛. 枣采后果肉软化的生化和细胞超微结构变化[J].园艺
学报，1998，25 (4)：333－337
[18] 田建文，许明宪，贺普超. 柿果实采收后软化生理分析（简报）[J].植物生理学通讯，1991，27
(2)：109－111
[19] 惠伟，许明宪.钙及钙调素拮抗剂 CPZ 对柿果实采后生理的影响[J].果树科学，1992，9(2)：87
－92
[20] 李丽萍，韩涛，刘佳阳. 单果真空包装对冷藏涩柿品质和有关生化变化的影响[J].农业工程学报，
1998，14 (1)：233－235
[21] 童斌，饶景萍，周会玲. 柿子成熟过程中几种生理代谢及细胞膜透性的变化[J]. 西北植物学报，
1999，19 (3)：482－486
[22] 周宏伟，吴耕西. 长把梨贮藏中多聚半乳糖醛酸酶与果胶甲酯酶的作用[J].山东农业大学学报，
1992，23：67－70
[23] 王贵禧，韩雅珊，于梁. 猕猴桃总淀粉酶活性与果实软化的关系[J].园艺学报，1994，21 (4)：
329－333
[24] 石海燕，冯双庆. 气调贮藏对‘紫花’芒果 PG、纤维素酶及果实硬度的影响[J].园艺学报，1997，
参考文献 35
24 (4)：407－409
[25] 茅林春，张上隆. 果胶酶和纤维素酶在桃果实成熟和絮败中的作用[J].园艺学报，2001，28 (2)：
107－111
[26] 陈昆松，李方，张上隆. 猕猴桃果实成熟进程中木葡聚糖内糖基转移酶 mRNA 水平的变化[J].
植物学报，1999，41(11)：1231－1234
[27] 陈昆松，张上隆. β－半乳糖苷酶基因在猕猴桃果实成熟过程中的表达[J].植物生理学报，
2000，26(2)：117－122
[28] 赵华，胡鸿，吴肇志，东惠茹. 贮藏条件对香椿芽叶片脱落的影响[J]. 园艺学报，1997，24 (3)：
259－263
[29] 郑永华，席玙芳. 枇杷薄膜包装贮藏效果研究[J]. 食品科学，2000，21 (9)：56－58
[30] 高蕸虹，武元苏，曲泽洲. 包装材料与气体组分对磨盘柿贮藏的影响[J].果树科学，1996，13 (2)：
99－102
[31] 贺军民，王仲田，李忠岐. 限气贮藏猕猴桃果实伤害产生机制的研究[J]. 西北植物学报，1999，
19 (4)：612－617
[32] 姜爱丽，田世平，徐勇，汪忻，范青. 不同气体成分对甜樱桃果实采后生理及品质的影响[J]. 中
国农业科学，2002，35 (1)：79－84
[33] 潘林娜. 海沃德猕猴桃的贮藏技术[J]. 果树科学，1996，13 (1)：37－39
[34] 王世宽，潘明. 塑料薄膜小包装贮藏江安李可行性研究[J]. 四川轻化工学院学报，2001，14 (2)：
59－62
[35] 田世平，徐勇，姜爱丽等. 冬雪蜜桃在气调冷藏期间品质及相关酶活性的变化[J]. 中国农业科
学，2001，34(6)：656－661
[36] 赵玉梅，冯双庆，乔勇进. 象牙芒果在贮藏过程中果胶及相关酶活性的变化[J]. 保鲜与加工，
2004，(2)：18－20
[37] 陈发河，吴光斌，李趁粉. 薄膜气调包装对枇杷果实冷藏期间呼吸和品质性状的影响[J]. 农业
工程学报，2003，19(5)：147－151
[38] 贺军民，王仲田，李忠岐. 限气贮藏对猕猴桃果实总淀粉酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶活性的影响[J].
西北植物学报，1998，18 (3)：393－396
[39] 张子德，马俊莲，宗汝静. 薄膜包装对于黄瓜保鲜因子的研究[J]. 河北农业大学学报，1996，
19 (1)：40－44
[40] 毕阳，高渊，张傲德. 黄瓜聚乙烯薄膜单果包装常温贮藏的研究[J]. 食品科学，1994，11：69
－71
[41] 徐步前，余小林. 几种机能性薄膜包装对香蕉贮藏效果的影响[J]. 园艺学报，2002，29 (2)：168
－170
[42] 于天颖，张平. 薄膜袋包装对青花菜贮藏效应及其生理影响的研究[J]. 保鲜与加工，2001，1 (3)：
10－12
[43] 李素芬，郑素月. MA 包装对西兰花贮藏性的影响. 农业与技术，2000，20(5)：20－22
[44] 候建设，李中华，江杰. 芹菜的薄膜包装冷藏试验[J]. 食品科学，2002，23 (6)：143－145
[45] 黄光荣，沈莲清，王向阳. 芦笋 MA 保鲜技术研究. 山西食品工业，2000，(1)：16－19
[46] 段玉权，冯双庆，赵玉梅. 中华寿桃贮期褐变研究[J]. 沈阳农业大学学报，2002，33 (2)：129
－133
[47] 候建设，李中华，江杰. 冷害温度下薄膜包装对青椒贮藏效果的研究[J].食品科技， 2002，(9)：
66－67
[48] 苑克俊，李振三，张道辉，孙玉刚，张大鹏，胡小松. 苹果低氧气调新组合贮后效应的利用研
36 薄膜包装冷藏对柿成熟软化的影响
究[J]. 果树学报，2002，19 (6)：369－372
[49] 李海林.果蔬包装与保鲜. 中国果菜，2004，(2)：40－41
[50] 张国树. 柿子后熟过程中呼吸动态和内源乙烯浓度变化的研究[J].莱阳农学院学报，1991，8 (4)：
284－288
[51] 张子德，马俊莲，甄增立. 柿果实采后生理研究[J]. 河北农业大学学报，1995，18 (2)：105－
107
[52] 黄森，张继澍.火罐柿减压处理、低乙烯 MA 贮藏技术研究[J].西北农业学报，1996，5 (1)：82
－84
[53] 田建文，贺普超，许明宪. 植物激素与柿子后熟的关系[J]. 天津农业科学，1994，3：30－32
[54] 高经成，袁明耀，徐荣江.柿子后熟过程中生理代谢和品质变化及乙烯的催熟效果[J]. 食品科
学，1993，14 (4)：14－16
[55] 罗宏科. 柿子果实内部主要物质含量的动态研究[J]. 陕西林业科技，1991，3：33－36
[56] 刘亚强，张渭滨. 柿果后熟过程中的品质变化及脱涩机理[J]. 渭南师专学报（自然科学版），
2000，(2)：28－30
[57] 费学谦，周立红，龚榜初. 不同甘、涩类型柿果实单宁组成的差异及罗田甜柿单宁的特征[J]. 林
业科学研究，1999，12 (4)：369－373
[58] 郑国华，米森敬三，平野健，杉浦明. 喷施 GA3 和乙烯利对柿果实成熟及内源 GA3 活性、ABA
含量的影响[J]. 园艺学报，1991，18 (3)：193－197
[59] 高梅，张继澍. 亚精胺对柿果采后乙烯生物合成的影响[J].园艺学报，1999，26 (6)：364－368
[60] 钱永华. 柿子采后主要生理生化变化及 AOA 处理对其的影响[D] 硕士毕业论文，西北农业大
学，1993
[61] 吴延军. Cacl2 和低温处理对枣软化衰老的生理效应[D].硕士毕业论文，西北农业大学，1997
[62] 罗自生. 热处理诱导采后柿果抗冷性机理的研究[D]. 博士毕业论文，浙江大学，2002
[63] 殷晓军. 脱涩后‘火柿’生理生化变化及 GA3 与热处理对其软化生理影响的研究[D] 硕士毕业
论文，西北农业大学，1999
[64] 王劲风，方正明主编. 甜柿引种栽培[M].中国农业出版社，1995
[65] 杜玉宽 ，杨德兴主编. 水果、蔬菜、花卉气调贮藏及采后技术[M]. 中国农业大学出版社，1999
[66] 周春华，刘红霞. 鲜柿贮藏技术及病害防治[J]. 中国果菜，2000，(4)：18
[67] 林娇芬，庞杰，吴少谦. 柿果采后处理及保鲜技术[J]. 广西热带农业 2002，1：12－13
[68] 高俊凤主编. 植物生理学实验技术[M].世界图书出版西安公司，2000
[69] 徐昌杰，陈昆松，张上隆. 蔗糖酶对外切纤维素酶和外切半乳糖醛酸酶活性测定的干扰及排除
[J]. 植物生理学通讯，1997，33 (1)：43－46
[70] 陈冬兰. 植物生理学实验手册[M]. 上海科学技术出版社，1985
[71] 潘一山，王少峰，蔡晓东. 芦笋采后生理与贮藏保鲜的研究[J].福建农业学报，2001，16(3)：61
－64
[72] 徐昌杰，张上隆. 气调对猕猴桃果实采后乙烯生成的效应及其机制[J]. 浙江农业大学学报，
1999，25(3)：248－250
[73] 李正国，苏彩萍，王贵禧.包装和乙烯吸收剂对猕猴桃贮藏生理及品质的影响[J].西南农业大学
学报，2000，22 (4)：353－355
[74] 肖功年，张愍，彭建，汤坚. 气调包装(MAP)对草莓保鲜的影响. 食品工业科技，2003，24(6)：
68－71
[75] 宋智，孟凤英. 生鲜蘑菇 MA 保鲜理论研究[J]. 天津农业科学，1994，(3)：37－38
[76] Ning B, Kubo Y. Softening characteristics of Chinese pear‘Yali’fruit with special relation to changes
参考文献 37
in cell wall polysaccharides and their degrading enzymes [J]. Scientific Reports of the Faculty of
Agriculture Okayama University, 1997, 86: 71－78
[77] Kramer M, Sanders R. Postharvest evaluation of transgenic tomatoes with reduced levels of
polygalacturonase, processing firmness and disease resistance [J]. Postharvest Biology and
Technology, 1992, 1 (2): 411－419
[78] McCollum T G, Huber D J, Cantliffe D J. Modification of polyuronides and hemicelluloses during
muskmelon fruit softening [J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1989, 76 (3): 303－308
[79] Huber D J, O'Donoghue E M. Polyuronides in avocado and tomato fruits exhibit markedly different
patterns of molecular weight downshifts during ripening [J]. Plant Physiology, 1993, 102: 473－480
[80] Redgwell R J, Melton L D and Brasch D J. Cell wall polysaccharides of kiwifruit: Effect of ripening
on the structural features of cell wall materials [J]. Carbohydrate Res., 1991, 209: 191－202
[81] Dawson D M, Walkins C B, Melton L D. Intermittent harming affects cell wall composition of
‘Frantasia’nectarine during ripening and storage [J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1995, 120 (6): 1057
－1062
[82] Fils-Lycaon M, Lovatl C J, Coggins C W, et al. Loss of firmness and changes in pectic fractions during
ripening and over-ripening of sweet cherry [J]. HortScience, 1990, 25 (7): 777－778
[83] Hadfiel K A and Bennett A B. Polygalacturonases: Many genes in search of a function [J]. Plant
Physiology, 1998, 117: 337－343
[84] Redgwell R J, Fisher M, Kendal E. Galactose loss and fruit ripening: high molecular weight
arabinogalactans in the pectic polysaccharides of fruit cell wall [J]. Planta, 1997, 203 (2): 174－181
[85] Zhao M, Moy J, Paull R E. Effect of gamma irradiation on ripening papaya pectin [J]. Postharvest
Biology and Technology, 1996, 8 (3): 209－222
[86] Fishman M L, Levy B, Gillespie D T. Changes in the physiol-chemical properties of peach fruit pectin
during on-tree ripening and storage [J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1993, 118 (3): 343－349
[87] Fishman M L, Gross K C, Gillespie D T, et al. Macromolecular components of tomato fruit pectin [J].
Arch. Biochem. Biophys, 1989, 274: 179－191
[88] Paull K E, Gross K, Qiu Yun Xia. Changes in papaya cell walls during fruit ripening[J]. Postharvest
Biology and Technology, 1996,7 (4): 359－370
[89] Tong C B S, Gross K C. Glycosyl linkage composition of tomato fruit cell wall hemicellulosic
fractions during ripening [J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1988, 74 (2): 365－370
[90] Pesis E, Fuchs Y, Zauberman G. Cellulase activity and fruit softening in avocado [J].Plant Physiology,
1978, 61: 416－419
[91] Pharr D M, Dickinson D B. Partial characterization of Cx-cellulase and cellobiase from ripening
tomato fruit [J]. Plant Physiology, 1973, 52: 577－583
[92] Gross K C, Watada A E, Kang M S. Biochemical changes associated with the ripening hot pepper fruit
[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1986, 66 (1): 31－36
[93] Huber D J. Strawberry fruit softening: the potential roles of polyuronides and hemicellulose [J]. J.
Food Sci., 1984, 49 (5): 131－135
[94] Rose J K L, Bennett A B. Cooperative disassembly of the cellulose-xyloglucan network of plant cell
walls: parallels between cell expansion and fruit ripening [J]. Trend Plant Sci., 1999, 4: 176－1283
[95] Ahmed A E, Labavitch J M. Cell wall metabolism in ripening pear, Ⅰ: cell wall changes in ripening
Bartlett pear [J]. Plant Physiol., 1980, 65: 1009－1013
[96] Gross K C, Wallner S J. Degradation of cell wall polysaccharides during tomato fruit ripening [J].
38 薄膜包装冷藏对柿成熟软化的影响
Plant Physiology, 1979, 63: 117－120
[97] Pressey R. Exopolygalacturonase in tomato fruit [J]. Phytochemistry, 1987, 26 (7): 1867－1870
[98] Crooks P R and D Grierson. Ultrastructure of tomato fruit ripening and the role of polygalacturonase
isoenzymes in cell wall degradation[J]. Plant Physiology, 1983, 72: 248－254
[99] Pressey R, Hinton D M and Avants J K. Development of polygalacturonase activity and solubilization
of pectin in peaches during ripening [J]. J. Food Sci., 1971, 36: 1070－1073
[100] Chan H T, Tam S Y T. Partial seperation and charaterization of papaya endo- and exo-
polygalacturonase[J]. J. Food Sci., 1982, 47: 1478－1483
[101] Pressey R, Avants J K. Seperation and characterization of endopolygalacturonase and
exopolygalacturonases from peach [J]. Plant Physiology, 1973, 52: 252－256
[102] Cutillas-Iturralde A, Zarra I, Lorences E P. Metabolism of cell wall polysaccharides from
persimmon fruit. Pectin solubilization during fruit ripening occurs in apparent absence of
polygalacturonase activity [J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1993, 89 (2): 369－375
[103] Fischer R L, Bennett A B. Role of cell wall hydrolases in fruit ripening[J]. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol.
Plant Mol. Biol., 1991, 42: 675－703
[104] Hobson G E. Polygalacturonase in normal and abnormal tomato fruit[J]. Biochemistry, 1964, 92: 324
－332
[105] Hobson G E. The firmness of tomato fruit in relation to polygalacturonase activity[J]. HortScience,
1965, 40: 66－72
[106] Xue Y B, Kubo Yznaba A. Effects of humidity on ripening and texture in banana fruit [J]. J. Japan.
Soc. Hort. Sci., 1995, 64 (3): 657－664
[107] Jen J J, Robison M L. Pectolytic enzymes in sweet bell peppers [J]. J. Food Sci., 1984, 49 (4): 1085
－1087
[108] Bonghi C, Pagni S, Vidrih R. Cell wall hydrolases and amylase in kiwifruit softening[J]. Postharvest
Biology and Technology, 1997, 9 (1): 19－29
[109] Choi Jeong Hee, Lee Seongkoo, Choi J H. Pectic substances associated with woolliness of peaches
[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1999, 40 (5): 574－576
[110] Bolin H R, Huxsoll C C. Scanning electron microscope image analyzer determination of dimemtional
postharvest changes in fruit cells [J]. J. Food. Sci., 1987, 52 (6): 1649－1650
[111] Chin L H, Ali Z M, Lazan H, et al. Cell wall modification, degrading enzymes and softening of
carambolu fruit during ripening [J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1999, 50 (335): 767－775
[112] Smith R, Seymour G, Tucker G A. Inhibition of cell wall degradation by silver during ripening of
tomato fruit [J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 1989, 134 (4): 514－516
[113] Smith C J S, Watson C F, Morris P C, Bird C R, Seymour G B, et al. Inheritance and effect on
ripening of antisense polygalacturonase genes in transgenic tomatoes [J]. Plant Molecular Biology,
1990, 14: 369－379
[114] Giovannoni J J, DellaPenna D. Expression of chimeric polygalacturonase gene in transgenic rin
(ripening inhibitor) tomato fruit results in polyuronide degradation but not fruit softening [J]. The
Plant Cell, 1989, 1: 53－63
[115] Ben-Arie R, Sonego L, Saks Y. Cell wall metabolism in gibberellin treated persimmon fruits [J]. Plant
Growth Regulation, 1996, 19 (1): 25－33
[116] Matsui T and Kitagawa H. Effects of ethylene absorbent on polygalacuturonase activity of
persimmon fruit[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1989, 57 (4): 697－701
参考文献 39
[117] Huber D J. The role of cell wall hydrolases in fruit softening[J]. Hortic. Rev., 1983, 5: 169－219
[118] Yoshioka H, Aoba K, Kashimura Y. Molecular weight and degree of methoxylation in cell wall
polyuronide during softening in pear and apple fruit [J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1992, 117 (4): 600
－606
[119] Awad M and Young R E. Postharvest variation in cellulase, polygalacturonase and
pectinmethylesterase in avocado (Persea Americana Mill, cv. Fuerte) fruits in relation to respiration
and ethylene production [J]. Plant Physiology, 1979, 64: 306－308
[120] Redgwell R J, et al. Cell wall dissolution in ripening kiwifruit: solubilization of the pectic polyers [J].
Plant Physiology, 1992, 98: 71
[121] Barret D M, Gonzalez C. Activity of softening enzymes during cherry maturation[J]. J. Food Sci.,
1994, 59 (3): 574－577
[122] Graff J, Tiznadi M E, Handa A K. Characterization and functional expression of a ubiquitously
expressed tomato pectin methylesterase[J]. Plant Physiology, 1997, 114 (4): 1547－1556
[123] Thakur B R, Singh R K, Handa A K. Effect of antisense pectin methylesterase gene on the chemistry
of pectin in tomato(Lycopersion esculentum)juice[J]. J. Agric. Food Chem., 1996, 44 (2): 628－630
[124] Abu Sarra A F, Abu Goukh A A. Changes in pectinesterase, polygalacturonase and cellulase activity
during mango fruit ripening [J]. Journal of Horticultural Science, 1992, 67 (4): 561－568
[125] Ben-Arie R, Sonego L. Pectolytic enzyme activity involved in woolly breakdown of stored peaches
[J]. Phytochemistry, 1980, 19: 2553－2555
[126] Arties F, Cano A, Pemandez-Trujillo J P. Pectolytic enzyme activity during intermittent warming
storage of peaches [J]. J. Food Sci., 1996, 61: 311－313, 321
[127] O'Donoghue E M, Huber D J, Timpa J D. Influence of avocado (Persea americana) Cx cellulase on
the structural features of avocado cellulose [J]. Planta., 1994, 194 (4): 573－584
[128] Ruzzon S, Ruperti B, Bonghi C, et al. Activity and biochemical characterization of endo-beta-1,4
glucanase and polygalacturonases during development and ripening of peach fruits[A].In: Atti del
workship Nazionale. Postraccolta Degli Ortoflorofrutticoli, vol.5 [C].Italy, Ascea Marina, 1998, 32－
35
[129] Ben-Arie R, Kislev N. Ultrastructural changes in the cell walls of ripening apple and pear fruit [J].
Plant Physiology, 1979, 64: 197－202
[130] Abeles F B, Takeda T. Cellulase activity and ethylene in ripening strawberry and apple fruits [J]. Sci.
Hort., 1990, 42: 269－275
[131] Maclachlan G, Brady C. Multiple forms of 1,4-beta-glucanase in ripening tomato fruits include a
xyloglucanase activity by xyloglucan oligosaccharides [J]. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology,
1992, 19 (2): 137－146
[132] Lester G E, Dunlap J R. Physiological changes during development and ripening of ‘Perlita’
muskmelon fruits[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 1985, 26 (4): 323－331
[133] Abeles F B, Biles C L. Cellulase activity in developing apple fruit [J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 1991,
47 (12): 77－87
[134] Shin S R, Ha Y D, Kim J G. Characteristics and activity changes of beta-galactosidase during
maturation and postharvest of persimmon fruits[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1990, 19 (6): 605－
611
[135] Ross G S, Redgwell R J, MacRce E A. Kiwifruit β-galactosidase: isolation and activity against
specific fruit cell-wall polysaccharides [J]. Planta., 1993, 189: 499－506
40 薄膜包装冷藏对柿成熟软化的影响
[136] Jin C H, Kashiwagi T, Mizuno M, et al. Structural changes in the cell wall pectic polysaccharides
accompanied by softening of apple(Malus pumila Mill)cultivars Fuji and Kinsei[J]. Food Preserva.
Sci., 1999, 25 (6): 293－300
[137] Yoshioka H, Kashimura Y, Kaneko K. Solubilization and distribution of neutral sugar residues
derived from polyuronides during the softening in apple fruit[J]. J. Japan Soc. Hort. Sci., 1994, 63:
173－182
[138] Lidester P D, McRae K B, Dick A J. Effects of a vacuum infusion of a partially purified β
-galactosidase inhibitor on apple quality[J]. HortScience, 1985, 20: 80－82
[139] Ross G F, Wegrzyn T F, MouRae E A, et al. Apple β-galactosidase activity against cell wall
polysaccharides and characterization of a related cDNA clone[J]. Plant Physiology, 1994, 106: 521－
528
[140] King G A, Davies M. Cloning of a harvest-induced β-galactosidase from tips of harvest asparagus
spears[J]. Plant physiology, 1995, 108: 419－420
[141] Raghothama K G, Lowton K A, Goldborough P B, et al. Characterization of an ethylene regulated
flower senescence-related gene from carnation[J]. Plant Mol. Bilo, 1991, 17: 61－71
[142] Ranwala A P, Suematsu C, Masuda H. The role of β-galactosidases in the modification of cell wall
components during muskmelon fruit ripening[J]. Plant Physiology, 1992, 100: 1318－1325
[143] Kang I K, Suh S G, Byun J K. Characterization and antibody production of beta-galactosidase in
persimmon fruits [J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1994, 35 (3): 226－232
[144] Kang I K, Chang K H, Byun J K. Changes in activities of cell wall hydrolases during ripening and
softening in persimmon fruits[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1998, 39 (1): 55－59
[145] Ketsa S, Chidtragool S, Klein J D. Effect of heat treatment on changes in softening, pectic substances
and activities of polygalacturonase, pectinesterase and beta-galactosidases of ripening mango[J].
Journal of Plant Physiology, 1998, 153 (34): 457－461
[146] Kitagawa Y, Kanayama Y, Yamaki S. Isolation of beta-galactosidase fractions from Japanese pear:
activity against native cell wall polysaccharides [J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1995, 93 (3): 545－550
[147] Biles C L, Bruton B D, Russo V. Characterization of beta-galactosidase isozymes of ripening
peppers[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1997, 75 (2): 237－243
[148] Veau E J I, Gross K C. Degradation and solubilization of pectin by beta-galactosidases purified from
avocado mesocarp[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1993, 87 (3): 279－285
[149] Wallner S J and Walker J E. Glycosidases in cell wall-degrading extracts of ripening tomato fruits [J].
Plant Physiology, 1975, 55: 94－98
[150] Fry S C, Smith R C, Renwick K F, Martin D J, Hodge S K and Matthews K J. Xgloglucan
endotransglycosylase, a new wall-loosening enzyme activity from plants[J]. Biochem., 1992, 282:
821－828
[151] Redgwell R J and Fry S C. Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase activity increases during kiwifruit
(Actinidia deliciosa) ripening [J]. Plant Physiology, 1993, 103: 1399－1406
[152] Schroder R, Atkinson R G, Langenkmper G, et al. Biochemical and molecular characterization of
xyloglucan endotransglycosylase from ripe kiwifruit[J]. Planta., 1998, 204 (2): 242－251
[153] McQueen-Mason S J, Cosgrove D J. Expansin mode of action on cell walls[J]. Plant Physiology,
1995, 107: 87－100
[154] McQueen-Mason S J, Cosgrove D J. Disruption of hydrogen bonding between plant cell wall
polymers by proteins that induce wall extension[J], Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1994, 91: 6574－
参考文献 41
6578
[155] Rose J K C, Bennett A B. Cooperative disassembly of the cellulose-xyloglucan network of plant cell
walls: parallels between cell expansion and fruit ripening[J]. Trend Plant Sci., 1999, 4: 176－183
[156] Gebhardt F and Wright T R. Films for cherries[J]. Modern Packaging, 1948, June, 163－165 ; 214－
218
[157] Hardenbury R E, et al. The commerial storage of fruits, vegetables, florist and nursery stocks[J]. US.
Dept. Agric. Handbk., 1986, 66: 130
[158] Adato I and Gazit S. Water-deficit stress, ethylene production, and ripening in avocado fruit [J]. Plant
Physiology, 1974, 53: 45－46
[159] Ben-yehoshua S, Shapiro B, Zev Even Chen and Susan Lurie. Mode of action of plastic film in
extending life of lemon and bell pepper fruits by alleviation of water stress [J]. Plant physiology,
1983, 73: 87－93
[160] Reid M S, David A H, Pratt H K. Seasonal patterns in chemical composition of fruit of Actinidia
chinensis[J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1982, 107 (2): 316－319
[161] Burdon J N, Dori S, Lomaniec E, Marinansky R and Pesis E. The post-harvest ripening of water
stressed banana fruit [J]. Journal of Hort. Sci., 1994, 69 (5): 799－804
[162] Nakatsuka A, Shiomi S, Kubo Y and Inaba A. Expression and internal feedback regulation of ACC
synthase and ACC oxidase genes in ripening tomato fruit[J]. Plant Cell Physiol., 1997, 38: 1103－
1110
[163] Van Den Berg L. High humidity storage of vegetables and fruits[J]. HortScience, 1978, (13): 565－
569
[164] Hardenburg R E. Effect of in package environment on keeping quality of fruits and vegetables[J].
HortScience, 1971, 6: 198－201
[165] Grierson W, Wardowaki W F. Relative humidity effects on the post harvest life of fruits and
vegetables [J]. HortScience, 1978, 13: 22－28
[166] Harima S, Nakano R, Yamauchi S, Kitano Y, et al. Inhibition of fruit softening in forcing-cultured
‘Tonewase’ Japanese persimmon by packaging in perforated and non-perforated polyethylene bags[J].
J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 2002, 71 (2): 284－291
[167] Nakano R , Harima S, Kubo Y and Inaba A. Delay of Fruit Softening in Forcing-cultured ‘Tonewase’
Japanese persimmon by Packaging in perforated polyethylene bags[J].J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.,
2001, 70 (3): 385－392
[168] Nakano R, Harima S, Ogura E, Inoue S, Kubo Y, Inaba A. Involvement of stress-induced ethylene
biosynthesis in fruit softening of ‘Suijo’ persimmon [J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 2001, 70 (5): 581
－585
[169] Nakano R, Oguia E, Rao J P, Kubo Y and Inaba A. Tissue specific ethylene biosynthesis in water-
stressed Japanese persimmon fruit[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. (别册), 2000, 493
[170] Leopold A, Musgrave M, Williams K. Solute leakage resulting from leaf desiccation[J]. Plant
physiol., 1981, 68: 1222－1225
[171] Kubo Y, Xue Y, Nakatsuka A, Mathooko F M, Inaba A and Nakamura R. Expression of a water stress
–induced polygalacturonase gene in harvested cucumber fruit[J]. J. Janpan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 2000, 69:
273－279
[172] Kader A A, Zagory D and Kerbel E L. Modified atmosphere packaging of fruits and vegetables[J].
42 薄膜包装冷藏对柿成熟软化的影响
CRC Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 1989, 28: 1－30
[173] Yearsley C W, Bank N H and Ganesh S. Temperature effects on the internal lower oxygen limits of
apple fruit[J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1997, 11 (2): 73－83
[174] Sornsrivichai J, Yantarasri T, Gemma H, Bielski R, Laing W, Clark C. Respiration kinetics of
mangoes and Asian pear fruits under MA conditions and its relation to the ripening behavious[J].
Acta Horticulturae, 1998, 464: 339－344
[175] Fumuro M and Gamo H. Effects of cold storage on co2-treated Japanese Persimmon ( Diospy kaki
Thunb) ‘Hiratanenashi’ packed in polyethylene bags of different thickness [J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort.
Sci., 2002, 71 (2): 300－302
[176] Kanlayanarat S, wong-Aree C, and Maneerat C. Use of film thickness for modified atmosphere
packaging to prolong storage of rambutan cv ‘Rong-Rien’ [J]. Acta Hortoculturae, 2000, 518: 106－
113
[177] Ben-Arie R and Zutkhi Y. Extending the storage life of ‘Fuyu’ persimmon by modified atmosphere
packaging[J]. HortScience, 1992, 27 (7): 811－813
[178] Remon S. Use of modified atmosphere to prolong the postharvest life of Borlat cherries at two
different degree of ripeness[J]. J. Sci. Food Agric., 2000, 80: 1545－1552
[179] Manolopoulou H, Lambrinos G, Assimaki H, Sfakiotakis E, Porlingis J. Modified atmosphere storage
of Hayward kiwifruit[J]. Acta Horticulturae, 1997, 444: 619－624
[180] Itamura H, Kitamura T, Taira S, Harada H, Ito N, Takahashi Y and Fukushima T. Relationship
between fruit softening，ethylene production and respiration in Japanese persimmon ‘Hiratanenashi’
[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1991, 60 (3): 695－701
[181] Takata M. Effect of ethylene on respiration, ethylene production and ripening of Japanese persimm
on fruit harvested at different stages of development[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1982, 51 (2): 203
－209
[182] Park K W, Kang H M, Kim C H. MA storage response of fresh lemongrass depending upon film
source and storage temperature[J]. Korean Journal of Horticultural science and technology, 2000, 18
(1): 18－21
[183] Shimon M. Prolonged storage of ‘Hass’ avocado fruit using modified atmosphere packaging[J].
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1997, 12: 56－60
[184] Wang C Y. Approaches to reduce chilling injury of fruits and vegetables[J]. Hort. Rev., 1990, 15: 63
－95
[185] Chien Yi Wang. Modified atmosphere packaging alleviates chilling injury in cucumbers[J].
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1997, 10: 195－200
[186] Edna Pesis. Modified atmosphere and modified humidity packaging alleviates chilling injury
symptoms in mango fruit [J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2000, 19: 93－101
[187] Fernandez-trujilio J P. Modified atmosphere packaging affects the incidence of cold storage disorder
and keeps ‘Hat’ peach quality [J]. Food research international, 1998, 8: 571－579
[188] MacRae E A. Development of chilling injury in New Zealand grown ‘Fuyu’ persimmon during
storage[J]. New Zealand J. Expt. Agr., 1987, 15: 333－344
[189] Ketsa S, Klaewkasetkorn O. Effect of modified atmosphere on chilling injury and storage life of
rambutan[J]. Acta Horticulturae, 1994, 398: 223－231
[190] Rodriguez S del C, Lopez B, Chaves A R. Effect of different treatments on the evolution of
polyamines during refrigerated storage of eggplants[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
参考文献 43
2001, 49 (10): 4700－4705
[191] Wells J H and Uota M. Germination and growth of five fungi in low oxygen and high carbon dioxide
atmosphere[J]. Phytopathology, 1970, 60: 50－53
[192] Prusky D, Prez A, Zutkhi Y, et al. Effect of modified atmosphere for control of black spot, caused by
Alternaria alternate on stored persimmon fruits[J]. Phytopathology, 1997, 87 (2): 203－208
[193] Rodov V, Horev B, Vinokur Y, Copel A, Aharoni Y and Aharoni N. Modified atmosphere packaging
improves keeping quality of charentais-type melon[J]. HortScience, 2002, 37 (6): 950－953
[194] Sornsrivichai J, Gomolmanee S, Boonyakiat D, Uthaibutra J, Boon-Long P and Gemma H. Seal
packaging by plastic film as a technique for limiting fungal decay of mangoes[J]. Acta Horticulturae,
1992, 296: 23－32
[195] Risse L A, Chun D, McDonald R E, Miller W R. Volatile production and decay during storage of
cucumbers waxed, imazalil-treated and film-wrapped[J]. HortScience, 1987, 22 (2): 274－276
[196] Takata M. Respiration, ethylene production and ripening of Japanese persimmon fruit harvested at
various stages of development[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1983, 52 (1): 78－84
[197] Iwata T, Nakagawa K and Ogata K. Relationship between the ripening of harvested fruits and the
respiration pattern (1) On the class of respiration pattern of Japanese persimmons [J]. J. Japan. Soc.
Hort. Sci., 1969, 38: 84－86
[198] Daood H G, Biacs P, Czinkotai B, Hoschke A. Chromatographic investigation of cartotenoids, sugar
and organic acids from Diospyros kaki fruits [J]. Foot Chemistry, 1992, 45 (2): 151－155
[199] Matsuo T. Chemstry, metabolism and biological functions of fruit tannis and relative compounds[J].
Recent Research Developments in Phytochemistry, 1998, 2: 269－285
[200] Kitagawa H. Studies on the storage and removal of astringency in persimmonsⅤ. During the
removal of astringency with warm water treatment the relationship between the accumulation of
acetaldehyde and the disappearance of astringency[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1969, 37: 379－382
[201] Fukushima T, Kitamura T, Murayama H and Yoshida T. Mechanisms of astringency removal by
ethanol treament in ‘Hiratanenashi’ kaki fruits[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1991, 60 (3): 685－694
[202] Matsuo T, Itoo S and Ben Aire R. A model experiment for elucidating the mechanism of astringency
removal in persimmon fruit using respiration inhibitors[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1991, 60 (2):
437－442
[203] Gazit S, Adato I. Effect of carbon dioxide atmosphere on the course of astringency disappearance of
persimmon fruits[J]. J. Food. Sci., 1972, 37: 815－817
[204] Matsuo T, Shinohara J, Itoo S. CTSD method to removing astringency of persimmon fruit by carbon
dioxide gas[J]. Abstract of the Annual Spring Meeting of the Japan Society of Horticultural
Science, 1975: 367－368
[205] Antonio C I, Ignacio Z, Stephen C F and Ester P L. Implication of persimmon fruit hemicellulose
metabolism in the softening process. Importance of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase [J]. Physiologia
Plantarum, 1994, 91: 169－176
[206] Kang I K, Kim J S, Byun J K, Kang I K, Kim J S, Byun J K. The role of beta-galactosidase on the
modification of cell wall components in persimmon fruits[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1996, 37 (4):
548－553
[207] Ben-Arie R, Roisman Y, Zuthi Y, Blumenfeld A. Gibberellic acid reduces sensitivity of persimmon
fruits to ethylene [J]. Advance in Agricultural Biotechnology, 1989, 26: 165－171
[208] Lee Y M, Jang S J, Lee Y L. Effect of preharvest application of MGC-140 and GA3 on the storability
44 薄膜包装冷藏对柿成熟软化的影响
of Fuyu persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) [J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1997, 38 (2): 157－161
[209] Treglazova N V, Fataliev A T. Pre-storage treatment of ersimmon fruits with calcium chloride[J].
Subtropicheskie kul’ tury, 1989, 6: 108－111
[210] Neves L C, Cia P, Rodrigues A C, Vieites R L. Application of calcium chloride for postharvest
preservation of persimmon(Diospyros kaki L.) in cold storage[J]. Revista cientifica Rural, 2000, 5
(2): 96－103
[211] Dzimistarishvili-N B, Gulua-M K. The effect of some fungicides on storage capacity of subtropical
persimmon fruit[J]. Subtropicheskie-kul’ tury, 1990, 1: 131－134
[212] Kawakami F, Nishikawa S, Moku M. Tolerance of Japanese persimmon (kaki) to fumigation with
methyl bromide[J]. Research Bulletin of the Plant Protection Service Japan, 1989, 25: 79－85
[213] Lee Y M, Kwon O C, Cho Y S, Park Y M and Lee Y J. Effect of oxygen and carbon dioxide
concentration in PE film bag on blackening and flesh browning disorder during MA storage of
‘Fuyu’ persimmon fruit[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1999, 40: 585－590
[214] Prusky D, Eshel D, Kobiler I, Yakoby N, Beno Moualem D, Ackerman M Zuthji Y, Arie R B.
Postharvest chloride treatments for the control of the persimmon black spot disease caused by
Alternaria alternate[J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2001, 22 (3): 271－277
[215] Eshel D, Ben-Arie R, Dinoor-A, Prusky-D. Resistance of gibberellin-treated persimmon fruit to
Alternaria alternate arises from the reduced ability of the fungus to produce endo-1, 4-beta-glucanase
[J]. Phytopathology, 2000, 90 (11): 1256－1262
[216] Qadir A, Hashinaga F. Inhibition of postharvest decay of fruits by nitrous oxide[J]. Postharvest
Biology and Technology, 2001, 22 (3): 279－283
[217] Woolf A B, MacRae E A, Spooner K J, Redgwell R J. Changes to physical properties of the cell wall
and polyuronides in response to heat treatment of ‘Fuyo’ persimmon that alleviate chilling injury[J].
J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1997, 122 (5): 698－702
[218] Collins R J, Tisdeu J S. The influence of storage time and temperature on chilling injury in Fuyu and
Suruga persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) grown in subtropical[J]. Austrilia. Posthavest Biology and
Technology, 1995, 6 (12): 149－157
[219] Lee E J and Yang Y J. Postharvest physiology and storage disorders affected by temperature and PE
film thickness in ‘Fuyu’ persimmon fruit[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1997, 38: 516－519
[220] Park Y S. Changes in the incidence of fruit blackening, phenolic acid, and ethanol production of
non-astringent persimmon fruits during CA and MAP storage[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1999, 40
(1): 83－87
[221] Lee Y J, Lee Y M, Kwon O C, Kim T C and Cho Y S. Effects of low oxygen and high carbon dioxide
concentrations on modified atmosphere-related disorder of ‘Fuyu’ persimmon fruit[J]. Acta
Horticulturae, 2003, 601:171－176
[222] Park Y S, Na T S, Lee K M. Effects of CO2and O2 treatments within polyethylene film bags on the
fruit quality of non-astringent Fuyu persimmon fruits during storage[J]. J. Korean. Soc. Hort. Sci.,
1997, 38 (5): 510－515
[223] Tong B, Rao J P, Ren X L and Wang R Z. Ultrastructural changes in the mesocarp cells in relation to
the physiological metabolism of persimmon(Diospyros kaki L.) fruits during ripening and
senescence[J]. Acta Horticulturae, 2003, 601: 199－203
[224] Grant T M, Macrae H, Redgwell R J. Effect of chilling injury on physicochemical properties of
persimmon cell walls [J]. Phytochemisty, 1992, 31: 3739－3744
参考文献 45
[225] Bower J P, Dennison M T and Fowler K. Avocado and mango cold storage damage as related to water
loss control [J]. Acta Horticulturae, 2003, 628: 401－406
[226] Geeson J D, Smith S M. Retardation of apple ripening during distribution by the use of modified
atmosphere[J]. Acta Horticulturae, 1989, 258:245－253
[227] Celikel F G, Ozelkok S and Burak M. A study on modified atmosphere storage of sweet cherry[J].
Acta Horticulturae, 2003, 628: 431－438
[228] Celikel F G, Kaynas K and Erenoglu B. A study on modified atmosphere storage of strawberry[J].
Acta Horticulturae, 2003, 628: 423－430
[229] Ben-yehoshua S. Gas exchange, transpiration and the commercial deterioration in storage of orange
fruit[J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1969, 94: 524－528
[230] Makhlouf J, Willemot C. Effect of low temperature and controlled atmosphere storage on membrane
lipid composition of broccoli flower buds[J]. Sci. Horti., 1990, 42: 9－19
[231] Tu K, Nicolai B, Baerdemaeker J De. Effects of relative humudity on apple quality under simulated
shelf temperature storage[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2000, 85(3): 217－229
[232] Lurie S, Shapiro B and Ben-Yehoshua S. Effects of water stress and degree of ripeness on rate of
senescence of harvested bell pepper fruit[J]. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1986, 111: 880－885
[233] Xue Y, Ishikawa K, Kubo Y, Inba A and Nakamura R. Softening of several fruits and vegetables at
low humidity with respect to their endogenous ethylene concentration[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.,
1996, 65: 169-176
[234] Xue Y, Kubo Y, Inaba A and Nakamura R. Effects of humidity on physiological activity and texture
of tomato and cucumber fruits[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Food Sci. Tech., 1996, 43: 164－171
[235] Xue Y, Kubo Y, Inaba A and Nakamura R. Effects of humidity on ethylene biosynthesis of cucumber,
eggplant and green pepper fruits[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Cold Preserv. Food, 1996, 22: 3－10
[236] Tsuchida Y, Sakurai N, Morinaga K, Koshita Y and Asakura T. Effects of water loss of ‘Fuyu’
persimmon fruits on mesocarp cell wall composition and fruit softening[J]. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.,
2003, 72(6): 517－524