大爆破采场开采数值模拟分析及回采指标可视化计算
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摘要
本文针对凡口铅锌矿大爆破采场的生产实际,运用数值分析方法、采空区三维探测技术和计算机三维建模技术,采用数值分析软件FLAC3D、空场精密探测系统CMS和大型三维建模软件SURPAC等数字化研究工具,结合“凡口铅锌矿采场空区三维探测及回采指标可视化计算”科研课题,开展了大爆破采场开采数值分析及回采指标可视化计算研究,主要研究内容如下：
(1)采用SURPAC和FLAC3D组合建模技术,构建了矿柱采场回采数值分析模型。对采场回采过程进行三维数值模拟研究,分析了回采过程中采场周边充填体的破坏情况,实现了回采过程对周边充填体破坏情况的预测,为进一步改进大爆破工艺、降低回采指标和提高回采质量提供技术支持。
(2)采用CMS探测技术,完成了凡口铅锌矿十六个大爆破采场空区的三维探测,有效地突破了凡口矿运用传统测量手段难以实现对大爆破采场空区进行精确测量的瓶颈,建立了采空区三维模型,实现了大爆破采场空区三维可视化。以此基础,运用凡口铅锌矿采场地质和爆破设计资料构建出了回采指标可视化计算所需的相关模型,为后续回采指标可视化计算奠定基础。
(3)针对凡口铅锌矿大爆破矿柱采场的开采特点,以采空区实测模型与采场相关三维模型为基础,计算得到矿柱采场的贫化率和损失率等回采指标,实现了凡口矿大爆破矿柱采场回采指标的可视化计算,通过对比矿柱回采指标计算结果与回采数值分析结果,表明开展矿柱采场回采过程数值分析研究,对周边充填体破坏情况进行预测的方法是可行的,这对改进矿柱采场回采工艺,提高采场开采质量具有现实意义。
(4)针对凡口铅锌矿大爆破矿房采场的开采特点,以采空区实测模型与采场相关三维模型为基础,计算得到矿房采场贫化率和损失率等回采指标,实现了凡口矿大爆破矿房采场回采指标的可视化计算,对比分析了大爆破矿房采场和矿柱采场回采指标可视化计算的差异。
This paper aimed at actual production condition of large-scale blasting stope in Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine to carry out the research of stope mining numerical analysis and mining index visual calculation. It applied numerical analysis method, cavity 3D monitoring technology and 3D modeling technology method, took Cavity Monitoring System (CMS), mining 3D software SURPAC and numerical analysis software FLAC3D as research tool, coupled with the project——Cavity 3D Monitoring and Mining Index calculation in Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, The main aspects were as follows:
(1) Using the Compositional Modeling technology of SURPAC and FLAC3D, conduct pillar stope numerical analysis model. By the 3D numerical analysis research for stope mining, the author analyzed the impact of mining on surrounding backfill and predicted the destruction of the surrounding backfill, which further improved the blasting process, reduced mining index and provided the technology support for recovery quality.
(2) Using CMS, the 3D monitoring of sixteen large scale blasting cavities has been completed in Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, which broke though the bottle-neck of accurate measurement on large-scale blasting stope using traditional means and realized 3D visualization by building three-dimensional model. Based on it, utilizing mining geology and blasting design information in Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, the relevant model for mining index visual calculation was built, which has laid the foundation for the follow-up mining calculation.
(3) For the features of large-scale blasting stopes in Fankou mine, based on cavity measured model and stope relevant model, the mining index of pillar stope, like dilution rate and loss rate, can be calculated, which realized mining index visual calculation of large scale blasting pillar stope. By comparing the calculation result of mining index and mining numerical results, the method of carrying out numerical analysis to predict the destruction of the surrounding backfill in the process of mining in pillar stope was proved feasible, which had important practical significance for improving the mining quality and resources recovery rate.
(4) For the features of large-scale blasting stopes in Fankou mine, based on cavity measured model and stope relevant model, the mining index of pillar stope, like dilution rate and loss rate, can be calculated, which achieved mining index visual calculation of large-scale blasting chamber stope and comparative analyed the differences of mining index visual calculation between large-scale blasting and pillar stope.
(1)采用SURPAC和FLAC3D组合建模技术,构建了矿柱采场回采数值分析模型。对采场回采过程进行三维数值模拟研究,分析了回采过程中采场周边充填体的破坏情况,实现了回采过程对周边充填体破坏情况的预测,为进一步改进大爆破工艺、降低回采指标和提高回采质量提供技术支持。
(2)采用CMS探测技术,完成了凡口铅锌矿十六个大爆破采场空区的三维探测,有效地突破了凡口矿运用传统测量手段难以实现对大爆破采场空区进行精确测量的瓶颈,建立了采空区三维模型,实现了大爆破采场空区三维可视化。以此基础,运用凡口铅锌矿采场地质和爆破设计资料构建出了回采指标可视化计算所需的相关模型,为后续回采指标可视化计算奠定基础。
(3)针对凡口铅锌矿大爆破矿柱采场的开采特点,以采空区实测模型与采场相关三维模型为基础,计算得到矿柱采场的贫化率和损失率等回采指标,实现了凡口矿大爆破矿柱采场回采指标的可视化计算,通过对比矿柱回采指标计算结果与回采数值分析结果,表明开展矿柱采场回采过程数值分析研究,对周边充填体破坏情况进行预测的方法是可行的,这对改进矿柱采场回采工艺,提高采场开采质量具有现实意义。
(4)针对凡口铅锌矿大爆破矿房采场的开采特点,以采空区实测模型与采场相关三维模型为基础,计算得到矿房采场贫化率和损失率等回采指标,实现了凡口矿大爆破矿房采场回采指标的可视化计算,对比分析了大爆破矿房采场和矿柱采场回采指标可视化计算的差异。
This paper aimed at actual production condition of large-scale blasting stope in Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine to carry out the research of stope mining numerical analysis and mining index visual calculation. It applied numerical analysis method, cavity 3D monitoring technology and 3D modeling technology method, took Cavity Monitoring System (CMS), mining 3D software SURPAC and numerical analysis software FLAC3D as research tool, coupled with the project——Cavity 3D Monitoring and Mining Index calculation in Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, The main aspects were as follows:
(1) Using the Compositional Modeling technology of SURPAC and FLAC3D, conduct pillar stope numerical analysis model. By the 3D numerical analysis research for stope mining, the author analyzed the impact of mining on surrounding backfill and predicted the destruction of the surrounding backfill, which further improved the blasting process, reduced mining index and provided the technology support for recovery quality.
(2) Using CMS, the 3D monitoring of sixteen large scale blasting cavities has been completed in Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, which broke though the bottle-neck of accurate measurement on large-scale blasting stope using traditional means and realized 3D visualization by building three-dimensional model. Based on it, utilizing mining geology and blasting design information in Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, the relevant model for mining index visual calculation was built, which has laid the foundation for the follow-up mining calculation.
(3) For the features of large-scale blasting stopes in Fankou mine, based on cavity measured model and stope relevant model, the mining index of pillar stope, like dilution rate and loss rate, can be calculated, which realized mining index visual calculation of large scale blasting pillar stope. By comparing the calculation result of mining index and mining numerical results, the method of carrying out numerical analysis to predict the destruction of the surrounding backfill in the process of mining in pillar stope was proved feasible, which had important practical significance for improving the mining quality and resources recovery rate.
(4) For the features of large-scale blasting stopes in Fankou mine, based on cavity measured model and stope relevant model, the mining index of pillar stope, like dilution rate and loss rate, can be calculated, which achieved mining index visual calculation of large-scale blasting chamber stope and comparative analyed the differences of mining index visual calculation between large-scale blasting and pillar stope.
引文
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