基于GPS_GIS的故障断路器定位系统设计与实现
摘要
本文基于嵌入式技术、全球卫星定位技术及地理信息技术,设计了一种故障断路器快速定位智能终端。根据快速定位的需求自顶而下提出设计方案,依次从硬件设计、操作系统移植及驱动编写、上位机图形界面与地图显示设计三方面展开。
在硬件设计上,首先分析了器件参数并选型,采用分离PCB方式分别完成核心板、外设电路板、信号调理电路板的原理图和印制电路板绘制。其中核心板为嵌入式处理器最小系统；外设电路板由外围接口和GPS电路构成；信号调理电路由放大和滤波电路构成。
在嵌入式软件设计上,选用开源免费的Linux操作系统,利用其实时性特点进行多任务设计。针对系统特定硬件平台完成操作系统和底层驱动程序的移植,搭建出软件平台,在此基础上编写应用程序,完成实时采集和处理传感器与GPS模块的信号,并进行功能调试。
最后进行了上位机图形界面与地图显示的设计。上位机使用Delphi完成图形窗口的制作,提供友好的人机交互界面,结合GIS数据库实现各种数据的查询与存储功能；地图显示则根据串口接收到的数据,提取出坐标信息并转换为电子地图所需的数据格式,最终完成定位显示功能。
以ARM为定位系统核心的硬件方案使得系统具有良好的扩展性,采用的Linux软件平台提高了系统可靠性和灵活性,同时在GPS/GIS技术基础上构建了断路器定位控制系统,达到了预期目标。从实用角度考虑,本设计具有较好的发展前景。
Based on embedded technology, global positioning satellite technology and geographic information technology, this paper designs a intelligent terminal fault circuit interrupter that can quickly located. Quickly located system needs of top-down proposed design, in turn prepared from the hardware design, operating system and drive migration, the host computer graphical user interface and map design three aspects.
On the hardware design, first analysis the device parameters and selection, with separate PCB way to complete the core plate, peripheral circuit board, signal conditioning circuit board schematics and printed circuit board drawing. The core board embedded processor minimum; peripheral circuit board from the peripheral interface and the GPS circuit; the signal conditioning circuit by amplification and filter circuit.
On the embedded software design, choice the free open source Linux operating system, take the use of Real-time to multi-mission design. Completed the transplant of the operating system and the underlying drivers for the system-specific hardware platform, build a software platform and base on this to write applications, at last complete the acquisition and processing real-time sensor and GPS module signals, and functional debugging.
Finally, on the PC's graphical user interface and map display design, the host computer using Delphi to complete the production of the graphics window, providing a good man-machine interface, combined with the GIS database query and storage capabilities of a variety of data; map display according to the serial port to received data to extract coordinate information and conversion, what to match with the electronic map, and ultimately positioning display.
The positioning system program has resulted in the ARM core hardware has good scalability. Using embedded Linux operating system to improve system reliability, flexibility, and combined with GPS/GIS technology, the circuit breaker positioning system built on this basis, achieve the desired goals and has certain prospects for development.
在硬件设计上,首先分析了器件参数并选型,采用分离PCB方式分别完成核心板、外设电路板、信号调理电路板的原理图和印制电路板绘制。其中核心板为嵌入式处理器最小系统；外设电路板由外围接口和GPS电路构成；信号调理电路由放大和滤波电路构成。
在嵌入式软件设计上,选用开源免费的Linux操作系统,利用其实时性特点进行多任务设计。针对系统特定硬件平台完成操作系统和底层驱动程序的移植,搭建出软件平台,在此基础上编写应用程序,完成实时采集和处理传感器与GPS模块的信号,并进行功能调试。
最后进行了上位机图形界面与地图显示的设计。上位机使用Delphi完成图形窗口的制作,提供友好的人机交互界面,结合GIS数据库实现各种数据的查询与存储功能；地图显示则根据串口接收到的数据,提取出坐标信息并转换为电子地图所需的数据格式,最终完成定位显示功能。
以ARM为定位系统核心的硬件方案使得系统具有良好的扩展性,采用的Linux软件平台提高了系统可靠性和灵活性,同时在GPS/GIS技术基础上构建了断路器定位控制系统,达到了预期目标。从实用角度考虑,本设计具有较好的发展前景。
Based on embedded technology, global positioning satellite technology and geographic information technology, this paper designs a intelligent terminal fault circuit interrupter that can quickly located. Quickly located system needs of top-down proposed design, in turn prepared from the hardware design, operating system and drive migration, the host computer graphical user interface and map design three aspects.
On the hardware design, first analysis the device parameters and selection, with separate PCB way to complete the core plate, peripheral circuit board, signal conditioning circuit board schematics and printed circuit board drawing. The core board embedded processor minimum; peripheral circuit board from the peripheral interface and the GPS circuit; the signal conditioning circuit by amplification and filter circuit.
On the embedded software design, choice the free open source Linux operating system, take the use of Real-time to multi-mission design. Completed the transplant of the operating system and the underlying drivers for the system-specific hardware platform, build a software platform and base on this to write applications, at last complete the acquisition and processing real-time sensor and GPS module signals, and functional debugging.
Finally, on the PC's graphical user interface and map display design, the host computer using Delphi to complete the production of the graphics window, providing a good man-machine interface, combined with the GIS database query and storage capabilities of a variety of data; map display according to the serial port to received data to extract coordinate information and conversion, what to match with the electronic map, and ultimately positioning display.
The positioning system program has resulted in the ARM core hardware has good scalability. Using embedded Linux operating system to improve system reliability, flexibility, and combined with GPS/GIS technology, the circuit breaker positioning system built on this basis, achieve the desired goals and has certain prospects for development.
引文
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[2]李貌,肖华中.浅谈国内外电力系统发展的情况和趋势[J].中小企业管理与科技,2010,16：23～24
[3]王珊珊.电力系统自动化技术应用与发展探讨[J].科技风,2011,5：111-112
[4]Liu Wei, Xu Bing, Yang HuaYong, Zhou HongFei, Wu JunHui, Hu Xiaoguang. Hydraulic operating mechanisms for high voltage circuit breakers:Progress evolution and future trends[J], Science China Technological Sciences.2011,1:58～64
[5]吴光亮,杜战.浅谈万能式断路器在我国的发展与创新[J].电器工业,2011,4：56～58
[6]夏晓露.电力系统继电保护管理探讨[J].新课程改革与实践,2011,6：13～15
[7]赵洋,刘汉宇,曾庆军.基于机械振动信号的高压真空断路器故障诊断研究[J].高压电器,2010,2：46～51
[8]Schmidt, George. Inertial Navigation & GPS lectures[J]. Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE,2011,4(26):41
[9]郭晋.北斗与GPS导航定位系统对比分析研究[J].科技资讯,2011,28：43～44
[10]施浒立,崔君霞.卫星导航技术发展向何处去[J].中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学,2011.5：539～545
[11]Mosavi, M.R. Use of Accurate GPS Timing Based on Radial Basis Probabilistic Neural Network in Electric Systems[J]. Electrical and Control Engineering,2010,11:2572～2575
[12]张惠,张健,梁兴忠,张瑞锋.全球定位系统(GPS)技术的发展现状及未来发展趋势[J].仪器仪表标准化与计量,2011,2：38～40
[13]杨勇,张文明,赵晶,王雪松,肖顺平.INS/GPS组合导航下机载PD雷达DPCA性能分析[J].雷达科学与技术,2011,2：22～27
[14]胡志猛.GPS智能巡检系统在输电线路管理中的应用[J].大科技：科技天地,2011,18：34-37
[15]Carta, Andrea, Locci, Nicola, Muscas, Carlo, Pinna, Fabio, Sulis, Sara GPS and IEEE 1588 synchronization for the measurement of synchrophasors in electric power systems[J]. Computer Standards and Interfaces2011,33(2):176～181
[16]李振宇.基于GPS的功角测量及同步相量在电力系统中的应用研究[J].城市建设理论研究,2011,15：54～55
[17]Best, R.J., Morrow, D.J., Laverty, D.M., Crossley, P.A. Synchrophasor Broadcast Over Internet Protocol for Distributed Generator Synchronization[J]. Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on,2010,25(4):2835～2841
[18]庄玉飞,黄琦,井实.基于GPS和IEEE-1588协议的时钟同步装置的研制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,13：61～62
[19]Luchetta, Adriano, Manduchi, Gabriele, Barana, Oliviero, Soppelsa, Anton, Taliercio, Cesare, Barbalace, Antonio. Conceptual model of data acquisition hardware for long pulse fusion experiments:Event driven and time synchronization issues[J]. Fusion Engineering and Design,2010,85:286～291
[20]赵利国.GIS数据辅助处理系统功能开发概述[J].油气田地面工程,2010,10：12-14
[21]杨永国.基于GIS组件技术的软件开发[J].软件导刊,2011,4：172～174
[22]Zheng Wei, Zhou Yun-cheng,Xu Tong-yu,Cao Ying-li. Electric Connectivity Analyzing for lOkV Distribution Network Based on GIS[J]. Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC),2010,15:28～31
[23]Rama Rao, J.V.G., Amarnath, J., Kamakshaiah, S. High frequency magnetic and electric field measurements and simulation of a 245kV GIS[J]. High Voltage Engineering and Application,2010,18:252～255
[24]范磊.电力GIS设备故障诊断方案[J].机电信息,2011,15：43-45
[25]马磊.基于GIS的输电地理信息系统[J].新疆电力技术,2010,1：33-35
[26]Xiuwen, Chi,Xu Zhao, Wei Cui. Judgment and evaluation system of 3D-suface blasting based on GIS[J]. Comput er Science and Information Technology,2010,7:197～200
[27]冯永海.新一代智能型塑壳断路器的结构特点及应用[J].低压电网,2011,4：64-70
[28]常广,张振乾,王毅.高压断路器机械故障振动诊断综述[J].高压电器,2011,8：71～74
[29]马悦.基于ARM9的测控系统设计[J].知识经济,2011,1：6-8
[30]王振华.基于ARM的地铁牵引变断路器在线监测系统的设计[D].北京交通大学硕士论文,2011：12～14
[31]楼智翔,沈浩,孙杰.基于ARM的振动及温湿度监测系统的设计[J].工业控制计算机,2011,4：41～43
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